Accurately estimating reflectance parameters for color and gloss reproduction

A new method is described to estimate diffuse and specular reflectance parameters using spectral images, which overcomes the dynamic range limitation of imaging devices. After eliminating the influences of illumination and camera on spectral images, reflection values are initially assumed as diffuse-only reflection components, and subjected to the least squares method to estimate diffuse reflectance parameters at each wavelength on each single surface particle. Based on the dichromatic reflection model, specular reflection components are obtained, and then subjected to the least squares method to estimate specular reflectance parameters for gloss intensity and surface roughness. Experiments were carried out using both simulation data and measured spectral images. Our results demonstrate that this method is capable of estimating diffuse and specular reflectance parameters precisely for color and gloss reproduction, without requiring preprocesses such as image segmentation and synthesis of high dynamic range images.     

Jointly beam stealing attackers detection and localization without training: an image processing viewpoint

Recently revealed beam stealing attacks could greatly threaten the security and privacy of IEEE 802.11ad communications. The premise to restore normal network service is detecting and locating beam stealing attackers without their cooperation. Current consistency-based methods are only valid for one single attacker and are parameter-sensitive. From the viewpoint of image processing, this paper proposes an algorithm to jointly detect and locate multiple beam stealing attackers based on RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) map without the training process involved in deep learning-based solutions. Firstly, an RSSI map is constructed based on interpolating the raw RSSI data for enabling high-resolution localization while reducing monitoring cost. Secondly, three image processing steps, including edge detection and segmentation, are conducted on the constructed RSSI map to detect and locate multiple attackers without any prior knowledge about the attackers. To evaluate our proposal’s performance, a series of experiments are conducted based on the collected data. Experimental results have shown that in typical parameter settings, our algorithm’s positioning error does not exceed 0.41 m with a detection rate no less than 91%.     

基于虚坡模型的交叉口交通流的解耦方法

交叉口交通流的模型是进行红绿灯优化管理仿真模拟的基础。传统的方法仍有其不足之处，主要表现在对统计手段有较大的依赖性。为此，提出了一种基于虚坡模型的解耦方法，它将路口的红灯黄灯效应用假想路障代替，将一个方向上的车流对另一个方向上车流的影响用另一个假想的宽度变化的路障代替，而假想路障则在虚坡模型中表示为速度为零的车辆。由此，交叉口两个方向上的交通流被表示为两条独立道路上的交通流，用虚坡模型算出每一方向上各车的行驶规律，并求出折合行驶延误时间。调整信号灯切换时问令总体延误时问为最小，就能得到最佳的信号灯管理方案。通过对一个大规模问题的试算，得到了有用的结果，表明可用虚坡模型通过仿真手段对交通管理问题进行直接研究。     

小波矩量法分析环形微带缝隙天线*

将矩量法和小波变换理论结合起来,应用于求解电磁场积分方程,分析计算了环形微带缝隙天线磁流分布、驻波、阻抗特性和辐射方向图,通过用小波基代替一般的分域基矩量法中的权函数和基函数,使矩量法中与算子相对应的阻抗矩阵变成为大量元素为零的稀疏矩阵,减小了数值方法对存储量的要求,在达到允许精度的前提下,使计算量显著降低。文中给出计算实例,验证该方法,计算结果与用一般矩量法计算结果和实际测试结果相比,吻合较好。     

高温抗烧结吸附剂对SeO2捕集性能

使用气固瞬时反应装置在700~1100℃下对不同氧化物（氧化镁、氧化铁、氧化铝、氧化钙）的硒捕集性能进行研究,确定吸附产物性质。基于此选取相应的典型矿物及双组分抗烧结吸附剂改善硒高温吸附能力。结果表明：900℃前氧化钙捕集效果最好,但1100℃时其吸附量迅速降低到167.59μg/g;γ-氧化铝在高温下捕集效果较好,1100℃时吸附量可达415.04μg/g,这与其优异的孔隙结构有关。钙基矿物方解石因其具有一定的抗烧结能力和发达的孔隙结构,表现出更好的高温捕集能力,1100℃时吸附量可提高到1064.97μg/g。双组分吸附剂高温捕集能力展现出不同程度的提高。钙-铝基吸附剂高温捕集性能提高相对较小;而钙-硅基吸附剂在高温下效果远高于单组分吸附剂,与氧化钙相比,1100℃时可提高1787.21μg/g。     

面向电力传感器的环境能量收集技术发展趋势及面临的挑战

电力传感器作为能源互联网感知层的基本组成部分,其供电稳定性是广大从业者的关注重点.通过环境能量收集技术为传感器供电,可使传感器具有自供电特性以及长期免维护的优势,能量收集技术在电力传感领域的应用受到了越来越广泛关注.综述了环境能量收集技术在电力领域的应用现状以及温差、振动、风致振动等新型能量收集技术的特点.结合电力行业...     

Laboratory pull-out tests using bamboo and polymer geogrids including a case study

This study investigates the interaction between soil and geogrids by using both direct shear and pull-out tests and applied the results to a case study. A polymer geogrid and bamboo grids were used with clayey sand and weathered clay as backfill since these materials are readily available in Thailand. The results indicated that the interaction between soil and reinforcement consists of: (a) the adhesion between soil and reinforcement on the solid surface area of the geogrid; and (b) the bearing capacity of soil in front of all transverse members of the geogrids which behaved as a strip footing embedded in the soil. The proposed design procedure for pull-out resistance agreed fairly well with the laboratory pull-out test results. In addition, it was observed that bamboo grids have higher pull-out resistance per unit area than the polymer geogrids. Moreover, the cohesive fill proved to be quite effective when used with geogrid reinforcement. Finally, the proposed design procedure and test results were applied to a case study on an irrigation canal bank repaired by the Public Works Department of Thailand using cohesive backfill and Tensar SS2 geogrids resulting in much improved slope stability.     

一种新型张力-杆系结构展开过程动力学研究

针对新型张力-杆系结构展开过程复杂导致动力学分析困难的问题,采用多柔体动力学方法,提出了张力-杆系结构的全新多体系统模型,实现了结构的展开过程仿真,研究了不同的绳索加载方式对桁架展开动力学行为的影响,总结了绳索力光滑加载方式的优势,揭示了桁架壁厚和绳索张紧力大小对张力-杆系结构展开过程的影响机理,结果表明杆件壁过薄及绳索张紧力过大均对结构展开过程中桁架受力产生显著影响。在此基础上,提出了张力-杆系结构的理论驱动力矩,给出了力矩与桁架杆件展开角度之间的关系,可以为电机选型提供参考。新型张力-杆系结构动力学分析为实际工程应用提供一种新的建模与仿真方法。     

水体中微塑料的环境影响行为研究进展

微塑料是指一类广泛存在于环境中的粒径小于5mm的塑料颗粒的总称,当其存在于水体环境中,容易吸附其他污染物,影响它们的迁移行为,进而对生态效应产生影响。本文依据水体环境中微塑料的相关研究报道,对微塑料在水环境中的影响行为进行概述。主要从微塑料的物理、化学和生物特性在环境中的变化特性,微塑料与环境中其他污染物质的相互作用关系,以及微塑料及其复合污染体系对水生生物造成的生态效应影响等3个方面对微塑料的环境行为进行总结、归纳与阐述。最后,针对微塑料对水环境中的环境影响效应,提出了今后的研究方向与展望。     

Effects of Al addition on the phase transformation and interfacial evolution in multilayer Ti-B4C composite

The fully-dense multilayer Ti-B₄C composite doped with 6 wt% Al was fabricated via tape-casting and hot-pressing sintering at 1800 °C and under a uniaxial pressure of 30 MPa for 60 min. The effects of Al addition on the phase composition, interfacial microstructure and fracture toughness of the laminate composite were investigated. Based on the results of WDS and EDS, Al addition was proved to be effective on accelerating atom diffusion between Ti and B₄C due to the melting pool around interface where liquid Al enriched, besides, it helps to transform the interfacial bonding method of physical to metallurgical. Finally, the improvement on toughness of Al doped composite can be attributed to the strong metallurgical bonding and hybrid fracture mode of interface. Our study may provide a potential method for producing high strength and toughness multilayer metal/ceramic composites.