非热等离子体脱硫脱氮技术的应用研究进展

阐述了脉冲电晕放电和介质阻挡放电脱硫脱氮工艺的反应机理、研究进展和存在的问题.讨论了烟气成份,放电与催化联用技术,电源与反应器匹配等方面对于脱硫脱氮效率的影响.     

沿面放电生成臭氧的传输损耗研究EI北大核心CSCD

臭氧以其强氧化性得到了广泛应用,而实际应用过程中臭氧的传输损耗大大降低了其利用效率。鉴于此,采用沿面放电等离子体产生臭氧,研究了臭氧在传输过程中传输距离、臭氧初始质量浓度、气体流速、气体相对湿度和气体温度等因素对臭氧的衰减影响。实验结果表明,传输距离、气体相对湿度、气体温度的升高以及气体流速的降低均会加速传输过程中臭氧的损耗。此外,在该实验的条件下,臭氧质量浓度范围在62.86~124.60 mg/m3时,对衰减率的影响不大,保持在15%左右。     

The structure optimization of gas-phase surface discharge and its application for dye degradation

A gas-phase surface discharge (GSD) was employed to optimize the discharge reactor structure and investigate the dye degradation. A dye mixture of methylene blue, acid orange and methyl orange was used as a model pollutant. The results indicated that the reactor structure of the GSD system with the ratio of tube inner surface area and volume of 2.48, screw pitch between a high-voltage electrode of 9.7 mm, high-voltage electrode wire diameter of 0.8 mm, dielectric tube thickness of 2.0 mm and tube inner diameter of 16.13 mm presented a better ozone (O3) generation efficiency. Furthermore, a larger screw pitch and smaller wire diameter enhanced the O3 generation. After the dye mixture degradation by the optimized GSD system, 73.21％ and 50.74％ of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon removal rate were achieved within 20 min, respectively,and the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and biodegradability (BOD/COD) improved.     

沿面放电生成活性物质用于灭活饮用水中大肠杆菌的机制(英文)

Bacterial and chemical contaminations of drinking water imperil the health of people.A reactive species injection method is presented for sterilizing drinking water.To produce reactive species,a gas phase surface discharge reactor(SDR)is designed:a spiral stainless steel wire attached on the inside wall of a quartz glass tube is used as the high voltage electrode,and the drinking water is the ground electrode.The performance and mechanisms of the method in inactivating of Escherichia coli(E.coli)are analyzed.Experimental results show that 500 mL E.coli-contaminated drinking water(108CFU/mL)is completely sterilized within 4 min.Based on the scanning electron microscope(SEM)analysis,there were plasma-induced cell structure damages of the E.coli in the sterilized water,and the damage resulted in the leakage of protein,which was proved by chemical analyses.Meanwhile,the heating effect concomitantly generated by discharge plasma does not influence E.coli inactivation,and the contribution of direct ultraviolet(UV)irradiation could be neglected too.The ozone generated by SDR and the hydroxyl radicals(·OH)subsequently generated in drinking water play the decisive roles in E.coli inactivation because these reactive species cause the cell rupture.     

Effect of megapore particles packing on dielectric barrier discharge,O3 generation and benzene degradation

Recently, packed-bed discharge plasma technologies have been widely studied for treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), due to the good performance in improving the degradation and mineralization of VOCs. In this paper, a coaxial cylindrical dielectric barrier discharge reactor packed with porous material of micron-sized pores was used for degradation of benzene, and the discharge characteristics and ozone generation characteristics were studied. When the discharge length was 12 cm and the filling length was 5 cm, the packed particles in the discharge area significantly increased the number of micro-discharges, and the current amplitude and density increased with the pore size of packed particles, but the discharge power and ozone concentration showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The discharge power and ozone production reached the maximum when the size of pore former was 75 μm, correspondingly, the degradation efficiency of benzene was the highest.     

沿面/体介质阻挡放电装置的放电及臭氧生成特性

相对于体介质阻挡放电(VDBD),沿面介质阻挡放电(SDBD)等离子体可以更高效地生成反应活性物质,在气体处理方面显示了较高的效率。但沿面放电仅沿介质表面发展,限制了放电等离子体装置处理气体的能力。文中设计了一种新型的沿面/体复合DBD装置,通过在垂直于沿面放电高压电极的上部增加体放电电极,用于扩展等离子体的空间分布并提高活性物质的产量,研究了电极构型、放电气隙、放电电压及气体体积流量等对装置的放电特性及臭氧生成的影响。在空气间隙为4.5mm,外加电压幅值为16kV时,SDBD放电功率为11.2W,VDBD放电功率为4.6 W,复合装置的放电功率为19.7 W;分别测量复合装置中的沿面放电和体放电功率发现,复合装置的沿面放电功较单一沿面放电装置的放电功率提高了1.1倍,而复合装置的体放电功率较单一体放电功率提高了1.9倍。臭氧测试结果表明,复合装置生成的臭氧质量浓度可达3.0 mg/L,分别是SDBD和VDBD的3.8倍和5.0倍。     

应用脉冲放电等离子体氧化NO、SO2的影响因素

在典型的脉冲放电烟气脱硫、脱硝工艺中,NO和SO2主要通过氧化反应转化为相应的高价氨盐化合物脱除,因此如何促进污染物的氧化反应是该技术的关键问题之一。为此,采用丙烯作为添加剂,研究了脉冲频率、烟气中水蒸气的体积分数、注入丙烯的体积分数、SO2等对NO的氧化产物的影响。实验结果表明:烟气中不存在SO2时,NO氧化的主要产物是NO2,且NO2生成的选择性随脉冲频率的上升、水蒸气体积分数的增大而下降,随注入丙烯体积分数的增大而增大。综合考虑到脱硝能耗,丙烯按1倍NOx的体积分数注入烟气为佳;烟气中存在SO2时,NO氧化生成的NO2可以生成硝酸盐,NO2生成的选择性较低,因此SO2可以促进氮氧化物的脱除。     

Evaluation of trans-ferulic acid degradation by dielectric barrier discharge plasma combined with ozone in wastewater with different water quality conditions

In this study, dielectric barrier discharge plasma and ozone(O_3) were combined to synergistically degrade trans-ferulic acid(FA), and the effect of water quality on FA degradation was studied. The results showed that 96.9% of FA was degraded after 40 min treatment by the plasma/O_3 process. FA degradation efficiency increased with the p H values. The presence of suspended solid and humic acid inhibited FA degradation. FA degradation efficiency increased as the water temperature increased to 30 °C. However, the further increase in water temperature was adverse for FA degradation. Effects of common inorganic ions on FA degradation were also investigated. The addition of Cl~- inhibited the FA degradation, whileCO_3~(2-) had both negative and positive influences on FA degradation.NO_3~- andSO_4~(2-) did not have significant effect on FA degradation. Fe~(3+)and Cu~(2+)benefited FA degradation through the Fenton-like and catalytic ozonation reactions.     

气体参数对沿面放电活性氧物质注入氧化亚硫酸铵的影响

为提高铵法脱硫产物的氧化效率,采用气相沿面放电生成的活性氧物质替代强制氧化法中的空气用于氧化亚硫酸铵,考察了沿面放电等离子体装置中的空气流速、温度、湿度及曝气孔的孔径、氧化物质的传输距离等因素对亚硫酸铵氧化率的影响。结果表明:亚硫酸铵氧化率随空气流速增大而提高;空气湿度、温度的升高降低臭氧的生成,不利于亚硫酸铵的氧化;曝气孔的孔径增大、氧化物质输运距离增大,降低臭氧等活性氧物质的利用效率,进而降低亚硫酸铵的氧化率。同空气强制氧化相比,采用沿面放电生成的活性氧物质氧化亚硫酸铵,可提高亚硫酸铵氧化率达一倍以上。