基于遗传算法的工作辊温度场参数优化模型

针对热连轧机工作辊热辊形计算中温度场模型的热交换等参数难以确定的问题 ,建立了基于遗传算法的参数优化模型 ,可以解决复杂条件下的热参数的求解问题。利用优化参数计算的轧辊温度场与实际测量结果一致。     

撬装式油井热洗装置研制及应用效果评价

油井热洗是油田最常用的一种清蜡方法。靖安长6油藏是采油三厂的主力油藏,截至2004年底建成油井1064口,由于长6层原油含蜡量高,油井结蜡严重,通常采用常规热洗方法进行油井清蜡。存在以下两方面问题：一是常规油井热洗方法操作比较复杂,运行动力设施多,热洗费用较高；二是常规洗井油源均来自联合站或接转站,为不同层所采的混合原油,进入地层后,会对地层造成一定程度的伤害。为此,我们认真分析了现有油井热洗工艺的不足,查找了油井热洗费用高的影响因素,结合靖安油田长6油藏丰富的伴生气资源,自主研发了撬装式油井热洗装置,经过现场应用取得了较好的效果。     

A disposable sensor based on immobilization of acetylcholinesterase to multiwall carbon nanotube modified screen-printed electrode for determination of carbaryl

A simple method has been devised for immobilization of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) covalent bonding to a multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT)-cross-linked cellulose acetate composite on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) and a sensitive and disposable amperometric sensor for rapid determination of carbaryl pesticide is proposed. The immobilized enzyme was preserved on this film because of the excellent biocompatibility and non-toxicity of cellulose acetate. Based on the inherent conductive properties of the MWNT, the immobilized AChE had greater affinity for ATCl and excellent catalytic effect in the hydrolysis of ATCl. MWNT improved the interface enzymatic hydrolysis reaction and increased the amperometric response of the sensor. Under optimum conditions, the inhibition of carbaryl on AChE increased linearly with the increasing concentration of carbaryl in two ranges, from 0.01 to 0.5 μg mL⁻¹ and from 2 to 20 μg mL⁻¹, with the correlation coefficients of 0.9985 and 0.9977, respectively. The detection limit was 0.004 μg mL⁻¹ taken as the concentration equivalent to 10% decrease in signal. The sensor showed acceptable stability, accuracy and could be fabricated in batches, thus it is economic and portable. This type of disposable enzyme-based amperometric sensor has extensive application potential in environmental monitoring of pesticides.     

Synthesis and characterization of a novel proton‐exchange membrane for fuel cells operating at high temperatures and low humidities

The synthesis of a p‐toluidine/formaldehyde (PTF) resin was performed, and the effects of the molar ratio of the individual monomers and the polymerization conditions on the structure of the PTF resin were studied. Fourier transform infrared and ¹³C‐NMR spectra were used to characterize the PTF. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction patterns revealed the crystalline structures of various PTFs. Polarized optical microscopy revealed that the molar ratio of the monomers had a strong effect on the crystalline morphologies. A longer polymerization time turned out a polymer with a higher intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight, which led to differences in the proton conductivity. All of the PTFs showed a higher proton conductivity than a commercial Nafion membrane at 90–100°C and 0% relative humidity. The proton conductivity of the PTF series could be improved by sulfonation with sulfuric acid and could be maintained after blending with polyurethane. Pure methanol could be used as a fuel source because of the insolubility and nonwetting properties of PTF in methanol to increase the output current density for a PTF membrane electrode assembly. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008     

Modeling Multiterminal Spintronic Devices

We are encountering tremendous opportunities and challenges in combining emerging nanotechnology for developing nanoelectronic devices. Researchers are designing nanoelectronic circuits based on newly discovered nanoscale building blocks, such as spintronic devices. In this paper, we calculate conductance in spintronic gates using the nonequilibrium Green's function and show useful operations for "multiterminal" logic gates. These spintronic devices can be used to design complicated spin circuits     

ERP的实施与风险防范

在管理应用的广度方面，ERP超越了MRP的应用范围。文中指出了实施ERP系统的步骤及ERP实施中应注意的问题，强调企业有必要对风险有充分认识，建立一套行之有效的风险管理机制，从而提高了ERP系统的实施成功率，最终提高企业的管理水平。     

海洋钻井液有机物添加剂生物降解性评价

随着海洋石油的勘探开发，钻井液有机添加剂不可避免地进入海洋．因此在海洋勘探开发过程中应选择环保性能好，即生物降解性能好的有机物添加剂。用累计耗氧量法测定了海洋钻井液有机添加剂的生物降解性，研究评价了有机添加剂的生物降解规律和机理，探讨了有机物生物降解性同其化学结构的内在联系，为海洋勘探开发过程中选择环保性能好的有机物添加剂提供理论依据。总结实验结果发现：淀粉类(如DFD-140和FI-E1等)最容易生物降解；其次是纤维素类(如MV-CMC等)和烯类单体聚合物(如PAM和PHP)；而沥青类、两性离子类则难以生物降解，有的甚至对生物降解起抑制作用。     

河南油田泌阳凹陷稠油地化录井评价方法

河南油田泌阳凹陷分布有古城、井楼、杨楼、新庄4个稠油油田，各油田油质复杂，查清各区块、各层系稠油油质是开发生产的重要工作之一。通过对稠油层基本特征分析，应用地化录井参数建立了TPI评价法、原油密度评价法及原油黏度评价法。TPI评价法主要是利用原油中气态烃和液态烃与全烃比值大小划分油质类型；原油密度评价法主要利用油质重，TPI值小，反之TPI值大的关系划分油质类型；原油黏度评价法主要利用TPI反映油质组分的综合性参数的特点，建立TPI与黏度的关系。这套评价评价方法提供了快速精细评价稠油油质的新手段。