mTrust: Call Behavioral Trust Predictive Analytics Using Unsupervised Learning in Mobile Cloud Computing

Filtering spam voice calls are a still major challenge in today’s technology contrary to SMS or email-based spamming. A numerical measure of the trust between users can help us filter calls based on relevance. Given the abundance of user-generated information available from the huge number of online devices, we can harness the power of this data to develop software adapting to user behavior. Existing research works for trust computation face various challenges when it comes to global applicability and understandability of trust values. Our investigation includes detailed surveillance of user call patterns based on the call data available from mobile devices and proposes a novel approach to filter calls that are of higher relevance to users based on their call-trust values. Our implementation realizes the diversity in call patterns of different people due to varying usage and uses classification and clustering algorithms to generate personalized, accurate numerical, and categorical trust values for every user. Categorical trust makes it easier to apply and understand trust ratings on a global scale. The implementation also incorporates a cloud facility to crowd-source trust values from multiple users, in a single database to generate the global trust of a user which can be used for spam filtering on a global scale. A software named “mTrust” is developed in this work for the future generation of a trustworthy mobile cloud network.

     

Reduced residual DC voltages in LCDs by using fluorinated polyimides

Abstract— The effect of a fluorinated alignment layer in reducing image retention in liquid‐crystal displays has been quantified. In our experiments, image retention is characterized by measuring the residual DC (RDC) value, which for both planar cells and vertical‐alignment cells are shown to be very small for a fluorinated alignment layer. The lowered dielectric constant of a fluorinated alignment layer is shown to be correlated with RDC improvement. A result of this work is the demonstration that fluorinated alignment layers have great potential to be used in low‐refresh‐rate LCDs for reducing power consumption.     

Effect of alkaline treatment on physical,mechanical, and thermal characteristics of jute filler reinforced epoxy composites

With burgeoning environmental concerns worldwide, using natural fibers/fillers to produce composites rather than conventional fibers is on the rise. The current work focuses on the physical and thermomechanical characteristics of alkaline-treated jute filler-based epoxy composites. The composites have been prepared with different weight fraction of jute fillers (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 12.5%) using hand layup process. The X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis observed that the alkali treatment of jute fillers improved the crystallinity and molecular structure, enhancing the interfacial and molecular bond between fillers and matrix. The mechanical characterizations of developed composites analyzed that the inclusion of treated jute fillers strengthened the tensile and flexural properties. The 5% filler-based composites have demonstrated maximum tensile strength (54.06 MPa) and modulus (3.12 GPa) with maximum flexural strength (67.55 MPa) and modulus (3.90 GPa). The viscoelastic characteristics of composites revealed that the 7.5% filler-based composite has the highest storage modulus (3.75 GPa), loss modulus (0.496 GPa), and glass transition temperature (91°C) due to greater interfacial interactions of molecules. The weight loss and degradation of composites analyzed with thermogravimetric analysis, and observed better thermal stability with treated jute fillers. The morphological analysis at fracture surfaces analyzed the brittle catastrophic failure of composites. Therefore, the finding produced better specific strength and stiffness with greater thermal stability for electronics equipment, packaging, and transportation.     

Development of peanut milk–based fermented curd

Fermented milk product (Indian curd) was developed by using peanut milk. The level of incubation period (IP), skimmed milk powder (SMP), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was optimised using response surface methodology (RSM). Central composite rotatable design was used with three independent variables i.e. IP (16–20 h), SMP (3–5%) and CMC (0.1–0.3%). SMP had significant (P ≤ 0.05) positive effect on overall acceptability (OAA) of curd because of increase in the total solids that ultimately increased firmness of the curd. CMC was found effective in reducing the synersis of curd samples. The developed curd samples had moisture 84.8 ± 0.28%, protein 3.2 ± 0.12%, fat 3.5 ± 0.10%, ash 0.5 ± 0.05%, carbohydrate 8.0% (wb), peak viscosity 291.4 ± 3.52 cP, firmness 1.3 ± 0.15 N, synersis 32.1 ± 0.2 mL 100 g^?1 and acidity (as % lactic acid) 0.58 ± 0.02. It had OAA score of 7.8 ± 0.2 on nine‐point hedonic scale. Based on compromise optimisation, the conditions recommended were IP as 18 h, SMP, 4.24% and CMC, 0.19% for making peanut milk–based fermented curd with 83.4% desirability.     

Induction of proliferation in isolated guinea pig gastric epithelium during restitution after superficial injury

Immediate repair of the gastrointestinal epithelium after superficial injury is called restitution. It is based on the migration of the surviving mucoid neck cells over the area of injury. The involvement of growth factors in the process has been recently documented. They are known to enhance the process (ie, EGF, FGF, TGF-beta) and to activate the basolateral Na+-H+-antiport (EGF). They may exert their effect by activating intracellular tyrosine kinases or by inducing chemotaxis. Yet, their precise mechanism of action in the process is unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of modulation of the signal transduction pathway on the occurrence of proliferative mucoid neck and foveolar cells in guinea pig gastric epithelium. Therefore guinea pig gastric epithelium was mounted in Ussing chambers in vitro and perfused 4 hr after superficial injury with 1.25 M NaCl. The potential difference over the epithelium and tissue resistance were recorded simultaneously. The tissue was exposed either to cycloheximide, genistein, or to 4-phorbol myristate 13-acetate (PMA) during the 4-hr recovery, and the expression of proliferative cells was assessed by staining the tissue for proliferative cells (Ki-67). The mean proliferative index of tissues subjected to NaCl injury was significantly higher than that of uninjured control tissues after 4 hr of restitution. Inhibition of the signaling pathway with genistein decreased the proliferative index significantly, while its stimulation with phorbol myristate increased it. Both electrophysiologic and morphologic restitution were sensitive to genistein, but not to PMA or cycloheximide. Superficial epithelial injury results in a significantly increased occurrence of proliferative cells in isolated guinea pig gastric epithelium. This endogenous activation of the tissue is sensitive to inhibition by tyrosine kinases and to stimulation by protein kinases. Electrophysiologic and morphologic recovery are also affected by the modulation of the signaling pathway. This suggests that it is involved in the immediate repair process.     

Synthesis and characterization of conducting poly (1-aminonaphthalene), poly (2-aminonaphthalene) and poly (aniline-co-1-aminonaphthalene)

Poly (1&2)-aminonaphthalene and poly (aniline-co-1-aminonaphthalene) have been synthesized in high yields by chemical oxidative polymerization method. The polymers are soluble in polar solvents such as DMSO, NMP etc. In PNA-2 as head-to-tail coupling cannot occur, the electrical conductivity is lower than PNA-1. The copolymer exhibits distinct morphology, higher viscosity, characteristic exciton peak, appreciable thermal stability and electrical conductivity compared to PNA-1.     

Mechanisms of Load-Deformation Behavior of Molecular Collagen in Hydroxyapatite-Tropocollagen Molecular System: Steered Molecular Dynamics Study

Bone is a widely studied structure due to its important function in the human body and also for its unique mechanical properties, which depend upon several factors, such as, its hierarchal structure, its constituents, degree of interactions between different constituents, etc. The major constituents of bone are collagen and hydroxyapatite (HAP). In this work, the load-carrying behavior of collagen is evaluated using steered molecular dynamics simulations. It is observed that the mineral HAP influences the load-deformation behavior of collagen. The collagen molecule (tropocollagen) requires more energy to deform when it is in close proximity of HAP. The reasons for a typical load-deformation behavior are also analyzed. It is observed that with stretching of the tropocollagen, first hydrogen bonds between the tropocollagen chains break, as a result of which more water molecules start interacting with chains. HAP significantly alters the interaction between tropocollagen and water. The load-carrying behavior of tropocollagen at different loading rates is also analyzed by pulling collagen at different velocities. These simulations give important information about the molecular mechanics of collagen and are also useful for the development of novel biomimetic artificial implant materials.     

A study on the influence of Mo, Al and Si additions on the microstructure of annealed dual phase Cr–Ta alloys

The effects of additions of 5 at.% Mo, Al and Si on the long-term annealed microstructures of a two phase Cr–Cr₂Ta alloy have been studied. Following 200 h at 1300 °C, the lamellar eutectic constituent of all the alloys disintegrated into discrete particles of the Laves phase embedded within a Cr-rich solid solution phase, along with the formation of fine Laves phase precipitates. One of the predominant differences between the three alloying additions was the extent of the C14 to C15 polytypic transformation of the Cr₂Ta-based Laves phase. With Mo and Al additions, the Cr₂Ta Laves phase transformed from C14 to either C15 or intermediate hexagonal polytypes following 200 h annealing at 1300 °C. In contrast, Si additions stabilised the C14 polytype, with no transformation to other polytypes observed after prolonged annealing at 1000, 1100 and 1300 °C.