A necessary and sufficient condition for the perspective observability problem

In this paper we derive a necessary and sufficient condition for observing the initial condition of a new class of system known as the perspective system. Such a system has already been applied in the field of computer vision especially in the area of motion estimation problems. Our result generalizes an earlier result by Popov-Belevitch-Hautus on the problem of observing a linear dynamical system.     

Modeling and Estimation of the Dynamics of Planar Algebraic Curves via Riccati Equations

Motivated by problems in vision and robotics, in this paper we are interested in describing the dynamics of planar algebraic curves in rigid and affine motion. A new method is presented for modeling the dynamics of such curves in terms of Riccati equations. It is shown that rigid or affine motion of an algebraic curve can be described using the dynamics of line factors obtained from a unique decomposition of the curve, and each individual line dynamics can be described by a Riccati equation. An estimation algorithm is proposed to estimate rigid or affine motion using line parameters. Importance of data normalization is also investigated in the context of motion estimation. Experiments with simulated data and real images demonstrate that the proposed method can provide satisfactory motion estimation results from perturbed data.     

Sol–gel grown Pd modified WO3 thin film based methanol sensor and the effect of annealing temperatures

In this paper, Pd modified WO₃ thin film methanol sensor has been developed by sol–gel method. WCl₆ chemical compound is used as a precursor. Spin coating method is employed for the preparation of the WO₃ thin film on the Si substrate. The crystalline structure of the WO₃ thin film is analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. The thin film sensor is fabricated at different annealing temperatures (400, 600 and 800 °C). The response magnitude of the WO₃ thin film is studied at different operating temperatures (100–300 °C). It is observed that the operating temperature of Pd modified thin film sensor is 200 °C. It is also noticed that the maximum response magnitude of Pd modified WO₃ thin film sensor is found at the annealing temperature of 600 °C. It is found that Pd modified WO₃ thin film sensor are suitable for methanol vapour detection compare to unmodified WO₃ thin film senor.

     

Recent Approaches to Antifungal Therapy for Invasive Mycoses

Antimycotic agents : Diverse classes of antimycotic drugs have been developed over the past decades with the goal of improving selectivity and efficacy. This review discusses both conventional and novel targets for antifungal agents and the possibility of vaccination in the treatment of invasive fungal infections.

     

Study on possible economic and environmental impacts of electric vehicle infrastructure in public road transport in Kolkata

Transport sector in India accounts for 20 % of total commercial energy demand of the country, of which a considerable amount is consumed in the form of liquid and gaseous fuel. A major part of these fuels are imported by the Government. Apart from the import expenditure, Government of India has subsidized these fuels to make it available at affordable prices. To check the financial burden and achieve environmental benefits, technical advancement in present system or alternative infrastructure is required. The present study examines the possible impacts on economy and environment by the implementation of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) along with the conventional road transport system in metropolitans with a case study of Kolkata. The major impact has been observed in controlling the vehicular emission with a decrease in CO₂ level by 26.27 t per day, on replacement of only 2 % of the present public transport by suitable BEVs. Maintaining similar service for the passengers the electrical energy required by the alternative vehicles has been estimated to be 41,766 kWh per day. This energy has been proposed to be supplied by remodeled fuel stations equipped with solar photovoltaic systems, if charging strategy is based on renewable sources. In case of fuel economy, the infrastructure has shown the potential in reducing the consumption of diesel and autogas (LPG) by 11,654 and 3,256 liter per day, respectively.     

Visually guided ranging from observations of points, lines and curves via an identifier based nonlinear observer

In this paper we consider the problem of estimating the range information of features on an affine plane in by observing its image with the aid of a CCD camera, wherein we assume that the camera is undergoing a known motion. The features considered are points, lines and planar curves located on planar surfaces of static objects. The dynamics of the moving projections of the features on the image plane have been described as a suitable differential equation on an appropriate feature space. This dynamics is used to estimate feature parameters from which the range information is readily available. In this paper the proposed identification has been carried out via a newly introduced identifier based observer. Performance of the observer has been studied via simulation.