The thrill of victory and the agony of defeat: Spontaneous expressions of medal winners of the 2004 Athens Olympic games.

Facial behaviors of medal winners of the judo competition at the 2004 Athens Olympic Games were coded with P. Ekman and W. V. Friesen's (1978) Facial Affect Coding System (FACS) and interpreted using their Emotion FACS dictionary. Winners' spontaneous expressions were captured immediately when they completed medal matches, when they received their medal from a dignitary, and when they posed on the podium. The 84 athletes who contributed expressions came from 35 countries. The findings strongly supported the notion that expressions occur in relation to emotionally evocative contexts in people of all cultures, that these expressions correspond to the facial expressions of emotion considered to be universal, that expressions provide information that can reliably differentiate the antecedent situations that produced them, and that expressions that occur without inhibition are different than those that occur in social and interactive settings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Thioredoxin: a photosynthetic regulatory protein finds application in food improvement

Experiments initiated in the early 1960s on fermentative bacteria led to the discovery of ferredoxin‐dependent α‐ketocarboxylation reactions that were later found to be key to a new cycle for the assimilation of carbon dioxide in photosynthetic bacteria (the reductive carboxylic acid cycle). The latter finding set the stage for the discovery of a regulatory system, the ferredoxin/thioredoxin system, functional in photosynthesis in chloroplasts (and oxygen‐evolving photosynthetic prokaryotes). The chloroplast research, in turn, led to the finding of a system regulating seed germination. Each of these regulatory systems depends on thioredoxin, a ubiquitous 12 kDa protein with a catalytically active disulphide group that reduces specific disulphide sites of target enzymes or proteins. The seed work has begun to open doors to new technologies, also based on thioredoxin, that have broad application, including use in the improvement of major foods. This paper traces the history of this research and shows the current status of its application to food products. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry     

基于FPGA的设计实现定制嵌入式方案

嵌入式开发人员面临的最大挑战之一是如何为其下一个设计选择合适的处理器.在市面上大量现成的嵌入式处理器中,设计人员必须仔细挑选能够同时符合功能、性能和价格要求的型号.经验表明,设计人员一般只能找到满足这三个条件中的一个或两个要求的器件.     

采用双扫描平台技术的ArF浸液式光刻

在193nm光刻中,已证明水是一种适于浸液式光刻的液体。浸液式光刻提出了一种可将传统的光学光刻拓展到45nm节点,甚至到32nm节点的潜能。另外,利用现有的透镜,浸液式光刻的选择提出了根据实际的数值孔径和特征图形可增大50%及更大的焦深范围。讨论了采用浸液式光刻获得的成像结果和套刻结果。采用一个0.75数值孔径的ArF透镜,我们用双扫描平台技术(TWINSCANTM)组装一台浸液式扫描光刻机的原理型样机。最初的浸液式曝光实验数据证明了焦深的增加较大,同时以高扫描速度保持了图像的对比度。在初期引入的生产型浸液式光刻中,将采用一个0.85数值孔径的ArF透镜。该系统的分辨率将以大于0.5μm的焦深有效地支持65nm节点半导体器件的加工。这种系统初始的成像技术数据证实有效的增大了其焦深范围。     

用电源变换器工作频率的抖动降低峰值辐射

DC/DC开关式电源变换器的设计师要面对的挑战之一是,控制正常运行时的EMI(电磁干扰)辐射。如果辐射太强,它们会通过电源线传播,或辐射到系统中的其他装置上,损害系统的性能。辐射的峰值一般出现在变换器的基础开关频率处,     

Drug testing as part of the war on drugs

Drug testing programs in the United States may broadly be classified as mandatory (such as under DOT or Nuclear Regulatory Commission regulation) or nonmandatory. In the first group, a regulated employer is required by federal regulations to test. In the second, the employer chooses to test for reasons other than the federal requirements. It always was intended that the federal program would be the model for testing by private employers, and that mandatory testing would be extended to private employers who are regulated by various agencies of the federal government. This has happened. In addition, private employers who are not required to test under federal authority have instituted employee drug testing programs closely modeled on the federal program. Whether mandated or not, a well-designed and implemented drug testing program is a valuable tool in the effort to fight drugs in the workplace.     

Electrodeposition of Indium Bumps for Ultrafine Pitch Interconnection

Electroplating is a promising method to produce ultrafine pitch indium bumps for assembly of pixel detectors in imaging applications. In this work, the process of indium bumping through electrodeposition was demonstrated and the influences of various current waveforms on the bump morphology, microstructure and height uniformity were investigated. Electron microscopy was used to study the microstructure of electroplated indium bumps and a Zygo white light interferometer was utilised to evaluate the height uniformity. The results indicated that the bump uniformities on wafer, pattern and feature scales were improved by using unipolar pulse and bipolar pulse reverse current waveforms.     

Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Laurus nobilis essential oil towards foodborne pathogens and its application in fresh Tuscan sausage stored at 7 °C

The presence of foodborne pathogens in fresh Tuscan sausage has been reported and these contaminations pose a potential risk to consumers. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of bay leaf essential oil (EO) in vitro and in fresh Tuscan sausage stored at 7 °C for 14 d. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against foodborne pathogens were determined in vitro. The lowest MIC and MBC were found for Escherichia coli (MIC = MBC = 2.5 g/L) and Yersinia enterocolitica (MIC = 1.25 g/L, MBC = 2.5 g/L). Fresh Tuscan sausages were treated with bay leaf EO at 0.05 g/100 g or 0.1 g/100 g and their shelf life was compared to a non-treated control. All groups presented low levels of rancidity (TBARS < 0.5 mg MDA/kg). The EO was able to reduce the population of total coliforms (2.8 log CFU/g) and to extend the product shelf life for two days. Although the presence of the EO affected the sensory characteristics of the sausage, it was considered acceptable by consumers at both concentrations tested. Overall, the results of this study indicate that bay leaf essential oil can be applied in fresh Tuscan sausage to improve its safety and shelf life.