官能化噻咯合成研究进展Ⅱ.交联法、取代法、硼化法与硅烷化法

官能化噻咯(silole音译)是一种重要的噻咯衍生物,不仅在有机金属合成领域占重要地位,也是建构新型π共轭体系的重要组成部分。本文介绍了官能化噻咯的几种重要合成方法,并对各种方法的特点及适用范围作了分析和总结。     

重载包装木箱端板结构分析

比较重载包装木箱端板的原有设计与加入斜挡的改进设计的端板结构受力分析,通过计算,改进后的端板结构端梁抗弯强度提高12倍,端面角立柱的抗压强度提高3倍,有效提高了重载包装木箱承载能力.     

基于脑电技术的MOOC平台用户体验优化策略研究

目的 通过脑电技术与主观问卷相结合的方式,测量MOOC平台用户体验水平,探索影响MOOC平台用户体验的主要因素,提出设计优化建议。方法 通过脑电技术采集各被试者在使用MOOC平台时的脑电信号特征,结合用户体验量表获取用户的主观评价。采用频域分析的方法提取节律波能量值并进行定量化分析,洞察节律波能量与主观评价的内在联系,从而实现MOOC平台用户体验水平的定量化分析。结论 中国大学MOOC平台用户体验优于学堂在线平台,MOOC平台可用性、可寻性是影响用户注意力、脑力负荷、唤醒度的重要影响因素,MOOC平台愉悦性是影响用户情绪的主要因素。     

温度极化对膜蒸馏过程的影响研究

采用直接接触式膜蒸馏，以纯水为料液，考察了材料及结构不同的5种微孔疏水膜的渗透性能．分析结果认为，膜的渗透系数和温度极化系数共同影响着膜通量的大小．实验还考察了料液温度和流率对膜通量及热效率的影响，利用膜及膜两侧边界层内传热传质理论对此进行了分析讨论．因温度极化系数随操作温度变化，可通过控制适宜操作温度获得大膜通量和高热效率．增大料液流率可强化传热，使温度极化减弱，膜通量增加．     

液体炸药的发展及现状

以液体炸药的分类、制备、特性和应用等为切入点,较为详细地论述了液体炸药的现状和发展。指出混合液体炸药因具有原料来源广泛、制造简便、综合性能良好等许多独一无二的特性,而被广泛应用于军事和民用领域,并获得了长足的发展。同时警告液体炸药已成为恐怖分子实施爆炸恐怖活动的主要选择。建议加强液体炸药相关原料的管理。     

Novel transparent and flexible nanocomposite film prepared from chrysotile nanofibres

In the present study, chrysotile nanofibres, obtained from physicochemical dispersion of natural chrysotile, were used to prepare nanofibre sheets by vacuum filtration. As-prepared sheets were then impregnated by UV-curable resin and cured by ultraviolet light to fabricate the flexible and transparent nanocomposite films. Observed from SEM, the transparent films showed a smooth surface and a typical sandwich structure in cross section, viz. nanofibre sheet filled with resin was sandwiched by two layers of resin. XRD patterns indicated the amorphous nature of cured resin and characteristic crystallographic structure of chrysotile in nanocomposite films. Though the nanofibre sheets were white in colour, and nanofibre contents in nanocomposites were as much as 43.4 wt%, the nanocomposite films displayed an excellent optical transparency with about 85% light transmittance in the visible light range. Tensile tests showed that the addition of nanofibres resulted in a great improvement in mechanical strength of the nanocomposite films; with the increase of nanofibre contents, the modulus and tensile strength of nanocomposite films increased gradually.     

Synthesis, characterization and osteoconductivity properties of bone fillers based on alendronate-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone)/hydroxyapatite microspheres

A superior drug controlled release system capable of achieving efficient osteogenesis is in imperative demand because of limited bone substitute tissue for the treatment of bone defect. In the present study, we investigated the potential of using poly(ε-caprolactone)–hydroxyapatite (PCL–HA) composite microspheres as an injectable bone repair vehicle by controlled release of alendronate (AL), a medicine that belongs to the bisphosphonates family. The PCL/HA–AL microspheres were prepared with solid/oil/water emulsion technique, which included two processes: (1) AL was loaded on the hydroxyapatite nanoparticles; (2) the HA–AL complex was built in the PCL matrix. The spherical PCL/HA–AL microspheres were characterized with its significantly improved encapsulation efficiency of hydrophilic AL and better sustained release. Human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were cultured on the surface of these microspheres and exhibited high proliferative profile. Specifically, in osteogenic medium, hMSCs on the surface of PCL/HA–AL microspheres displayed superior osteogenic differentiation which was verified by alkaline phosphatase activity assay. In conclusion, by presenting strong osteogenic commitment of hMSCs in vitro, the PCL/HA–AL microspheres have the potential to be used as an injectable vehicle for local therapy of bone defect.