Surface Morphology of Heat-Treated Ceramic Thin Films

The morphology of surfaces of several ceramic materials has been examined using transmission electron microscopy. The approach used was to prepare a sample for examination in the microscope, carefully clean it, and then heat-treat it. In the case of the oxides studied (alumina and spinel) the samples were heated in air; the non-oxides (α-SiC and β -SiC) were annealed under vacuum. The morphology in all but one case was such that the surface faceted parallel to the nearest low-index plane to give well-defined terraces; these were separated by ledges which also tended to facet parallel to the traces of low-index planes. The exception was the {1100} alumina surface, which appears to be unstable in air at temperatures close to 1400°C. A computer program using a multislice approach was used to estimate the height of the steps on the (0001) surface; the step heights appear to be multiples of the c lattice parameter. A reconstruction of this surface as a result of this heat treatment is also proposed.     

A Survey on the Numerics and Computations for the Landau-Lifshitz Equation of Micromagnetism

The Landau-Lifshitz (LL)equation of micromagnetism governs rich variety of the evolution of magnetization patterns in ferromagnetic media. This is due to the complexity of physical quantities appearing in the LL equation. This complexity causes also an interesting mathematical properties of the LL equation: nonlocal character for some quantities,nonconvex side-constraints, strongly nonlinear terms. These effects influence also the numerical approximations. In this work, recent developments on the approximation of weak solutions, together with the overview of well-known methods for strong solutions,are addressed. Author is supported by the Fund for Scientific Research - Flanders FWO (Belgium).     

你是家庭和朋友的IT人吗？

当今,支持的费用是IT部门最大的开支。我们都在想方设法计量和减少这种开销。但是有一种IT支持的费用没有列在预算或收支平衡表上,那就是我们花费在支持朋友和家庭成员解决IT问题上的时间。我们将它称之为＂个人IT＂。     

无线基站设计中FPGA一展身手

随着整个行业从高速增长阶段进入更为成熟的状态,包括无线基站在内的基础设计所有方面都面临更大的成本压力,下一代基站部署时必须克服的挑战是如何在继续降低成本(以单位通道成本计算)的同时增加更多功能,来支持新的业务、协议以及不断变化的用户使用方式.