Water‐Dispersible,pH‐Stable and Highly‐Luminescent Organic Dye Nanoparticles with Amplified Emissions for In Vitro and In Vivo Bioimaging

A new strategy is presented for using doped small‐molecule organic nanoparticles (NPs) to achieve high‐performance fluorescent probes with strong brightness, large Stokes shifts and tunable emissions for in vitro and in vivo imaging. The host organic NPs are used not only as carriers to encapsulate different doped dyes, but also as fluorescence resonance energy transfer donors to couple with the doped dyes (as acceptors) to achieve multicolor luminescence with amplified emissions (AE). The resulting optimum green emitting NPs show high brightness with quantum yield (QY) of up to 45% and AE of 12 times; and the red emitting NPs show QY of 14% and AE of 10 times. These highly‐luminescent doped NPs can be further surface modified with poly(maleic anhydride‐alt‐1‐octadecene)‐polyethylene glycol (C18PMH‐PEG), endowing them with excellent water dispersibility and robust stability in various bio‐environments covering wide pH values from 2 to 10. In this study, cytotoxicity studies and folic acid targeted cellular imaging of these multicolor probes are carried out to demonstrate their potential for in vitro imaging. On this basis, applications of the NP probes in in vivo and ex vivo imaging are also investigated. Intense fluorescent signals of the doped NPs are distinctly, selectively and spatially resolved in tumor sites with high sensitivity, due to the preferential accumulation of the NPs in tumor sites through the passive enhanced permeability and retention effect. The results clearly indicate that these doped NPs are promising fluorescent probes for biomedical applications.     

综合勘察在河南某坝址区隐伏断层判别中的应用

该文结合工程实例,采用地质测绘、物探、钻探和孔内测试等方法获取确切的实测资料,准确判断隐伏断层的空间展布、发育特征,并对比分析断层带及影响带与正常地层的物性差异,为工程设计提供了可靠的地质依据.该文对探测隐伏断层的方法探索具有一定的借鉴意义.     

嵌入式Linux混合文件系统的设计与分析

嵌入式Linux系统必须达到性能和空间的优化.文章对嵌入式Linux进行了耗时分析,根据系统对根文件目录操作中耗时问题设计了嵌入式Linux混合文件系统,并与常见单一文件系统在启动速度和程序运行速度上对其进行了仿真测试.数据证明混合型文件系统不仅占用空间较小,并且能提高系统的性能.     

单圆弧样条保形插值算法

该文以插值具有偶数个点的闭多边形为例提出了一种新的圆弧样条插值算法。这种算法具有以下3个特点：（1）生成的圆弧样条曲线具有保形的特点；（2）圆弧样条中圆弧的段数与型值点个数相同。（3）圆弧段之间的连接点不一定在插值的型值点上，这样就能用更多的自由度来控制拟合曲线的形状。同此文中还提出了一个优化的算法来得到光顺的插值曲线，同时还给出了几个例子加以说明。     

计算命中目标破片数及其分布的投影球方法

本文提出的计算破片战斗部命中目标破片主其分布的投影球方法具有概念明确、思路清晰、算法相对简单之特点,具有较强的通用性,并可获得足够高的计算精度。该方法在目标毁伤研究方面具有重要的参考价值。     

石墨烯增强聚乳酸力学性能及其发泡行为研究

以熔融共混的方法制备了具有不同纳米填料含量的聚乳酸/石墨烯纳米片(PLA/GNP)复合材料,利用超临界CO2(Sc-CO2)辅助釜压发泡的方式,进而制备了PLA/GNP复合泡沫,采用扫描电子显微镜和旋转流变仪等对复合材料的微观形貌、力学性能、流变行为和发泡性能进行了表征,探讨了GNP对发泡行为的作用机理.结果表明,GN...     

向下鼓气泡进入水或磁性液体的数值模拟与实验验证

应用数值与实验的方法分析了气泡向下鼓入水和磁性液体的过程,通过数学模型应用PLIC-VOF方法仿真重现了气泡的形成与破裂机理,通过数值模拟获得了气泡的形状与生长周期,用CCD摄像头完成实验测量,实验与模拟达到了数值上的吻合。     

FEM地层元素测井仪可靠性及应用效果评价

柴达木盆地复杂碳酸盐岩、致密混积岩等储层并存,常规测井方法难以进行有效的储层评价。FEM地层元素测井可测量地层中常见元素,并提供较为准确的地层矿物成分和储层物性等参数。介绍了FEM地层元素测井仪特征及其数据处理方法,对其在不同条件下的稳定性和一致性进行了大量的测井及实验验证,认为该仪器可靠性较高。在实际应用中,有效地解决了英西地区复杂碳酸盐岩有效储层划分、有效孔隙度计算及储层分类的难点和扎哈泉地区致密油储层岩性、物性、源岩特性及可压裂性的问题。实践表明,FEM地层元素测井基本满足各类复杂储层评价的需求,但仍有一定的局限与不足。     

二层型挠性覆铜板用聚酰亚胺的研究进展

电子行业的快速发展对二层型挠性覆铜板的性能提出了更高的要求,针对以聚酰亚胺薄膜为基底材料的二层型挠性覆铜板,分别从改善粘结性能、介电性能和耐热性能3个方面综述了二层型挠性覆铜板的研究进展,并展望了二层型挠性覆铜板的研究方向。     

Characteristics of hemicelluloses obtained from sweet sorghum based on successive extractions

Hemicelluloses were successively extracted from sweet sorghum by hot water, dioxane, DMSO, and different concentrations of NaOH between 0.5% and 6.0%. The yields of the seven fractions together accounted for 88.6% of the original hemicelluloses. The obtained hemicellulosic subfractions were comprehensively investigated by both destructive methods such as alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation and acid hydrolysis and nondestructive techniques such as gel permeation chromatography, Fourier‐transform infrared, ¹³C‐nuclear magnetic resonance, and 2D‐heteronuclear singular quantum correlation. Sugar composition studies showed that the water‐soluble polysaccharides consisted mainly of glucose, while xylose, arabinose, and glucuronic acid were the major sugars in other hemicellulosic fractions. It was found that the hemicelluloses from sweet sorghum were l‐ arabino‐(4‐O‐methyl‐d‐ glucurono)‐xylans. Comparison with the hemicellulosic fractions dissolved by the alkali treatment, the hemicellulosic fraction extracted by DMSO had lower molecular weight. In addition, it was also found that the hemicelluloses prepared by dioxane and DMSO were more branched since that they had higher nonxylose/xylose ratios than those extracted by the alkali treatment, which were more linear and contained higher amounts xylose. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42790.