Performance of Channel-Aware Scheduling Algorithms for HDR-WPAN

In this paper, we consider the performances in terms of system throughput and response time of various channel-aware scheduling algorithms for both MPEG streams and non-MPEG flows in a high-data-rate (HDR) wireless personal area network (WPAN). The algorithms under investigation are the shortest remaining processing time rule, the exponential rule, the modified largest weighted delay first rule, the maximum rate rule, and the proportionally fair rule. Decodability issues are taken care of by means of the frame-decodability aware technique and the burst transfer eligibility decision mechanism. The impacts of a number of factors including deadline and interference-plus-noise level are also examined. The investigations are carried out through extensive ns-2 simulations. Based on the numerical results, we propose a heuristic scheduling algorithm for MPEG streams that outperforms the above algorithms in terms of system throughput. The findings are useful for system designers.     

炸药冲击波激励氩气闪光实验研究

建立了对可见光和近红外的瞬态测试记录系统。用实验方法研究了氩气在炸药冲击小励下产生的可见光光强。测得了不同压力下氩气的辐射强度,分析了气体压力对光强的影响。     

Cytokinin Confers Brown Planthopper Resistance by Elevating Jasmonic Acid Pathway in Rice

Plants have evolved a sophisticated defense system that employs various hormone pathways to defend against attacks by insect pests. Cytokinin (CK) plays an important role in plant growth and stress tolerance, but the role of CKs in plant–insect interaction remains largely unclear. Here, we report that CKs act as a positive regulator in rice resistance against brown planthopper (BPH), a devastating insect pest of rice. We found that BPH feeding promotes CK biosynthesis and signaling in rice. Exogenous application of CKs significantly increased the rice resistance to BPH. Increasing endogenous CKs by knocking out cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (OsCKXs) led to enhanced resistance to BPH. Moreover, the levels of the plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) and the expression of JA-responsive genes were elevated by CK treatment and in OsCKXs knockout plants. Furthermore, JA-deficient mutant og1 was more susceptible to BPH, and CK-induced BPH resistance was suppressed in og1. These results indicate that CK-mediated BPH resistance is JA-dependent. Our findings provide the direct evidence for the novel role of CK in promoting insect resistance, and demonstrate that CK-induced insect resistance is JA-dependent. These results provide important guidance for effective pest management strategies in the future.     

Chl1, an ATP-Dependent DNA Helicase,Inhibits DNA:RNA Hybrids Formation at DSB Sites to Maintain Genome Stability in S. pombe

As an ATP-dependent DNA helicase, human ChlR1/DDX11 (Chl1 in yeast) can unwind both DNA:RNA and DNA:DNA substrates in vitro. Studies have demonstrated that ChlR1 plays a vital role in preserving genome stability by participating in DNA repair and sister chromatid cohesion, whereas the ways in which the biochemical features of ChlR1 function in DNA metabolism are not well understood. Here, we illustrate that Chl1 localizes to double-strand DNA break (DSB) sites and restrains DNA:RNA hybrid accumulation at these loci. Mutation of Chl1 strongly impairs DSB repair capacity by homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathways, and deleting RNase H further reduces DNA repair efficiency, which indicates that the enzymatic activities of Chl1 are needed in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In addition, we found that the Rpc37 subunit of RNA polymerase III (RNA Pol III) interacts directly with Chl1 and that deletion of Chl1 has no influence on the localization of Rpc37 at DSB site, implying the role of Rpc37 in the recruitment of Chl1 to this site.     

Podocyte-Related Mechanisms Underlying Survival Benefit of Long-Term Angiotensin Receptor Blocker

We previously found that short-term treatment (week 8 to 12 after injury) with high-dose angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) induced the regression of existing glomerulosclerosis in 5/6 nephrectomy rats. We therefore assessed the effects of long-term intervention with ARB vs. nonspecific antihypertensives in this study. Adult rats underwent 5/6 nephrectomy and renal biopsy 8 weeks later. The rats were then divided into three groups with equivalent renal function and glomerular sclerosis and treated with high-dose losartan (ARB), nonspecific antihypertensive triple-therapy (TRX), or left untreated (Control) until week 30. We found that blood pressure, serum creatinine levels, and glomerulosclerosis were lower at sacrifice in ARB and TRX vs. Control. Only ARB reduced proteinuria and maintained the density of WT-1-positive podocytes. Glomerular tufts showed more double-positive cells for CD44, a marker of activated parietal epithelial cells, and synaptopodin after ARB vs. TRX or Control. ARB treatment reduced aldosterone levels. ARB-treated rats had significantly improved survival when compared with TRX or Control. We conclude that both long-term ARB and triple-therapy ameliorate progression, but do not sustain the regression of glomerulosclerosis. ARB resulted in the superior preservation of podocyte integrity and decreased proteinuria and aldosterone, linked to increased survival in the uremic environment.     

窨制方式对玫瑰红茶品质的影响

传统花茶的窨制主要是以鲜花与茶叶结合,为探究不同的窨制方法对玫瑰红茶的滋味和品质的影响,通过4种窨制方法（鲜花赋香、玫瑰细胞液喷洒赋香、玫瑰细胞液蒸气赋香、花瓣与细胞液蒸气结合赋香）对红茶进行赋香,完成玫瑰红茶的窨制。以色差、茶多酚总量、游离氨基酸含量、儿茶素等指标为依据,结合HS-SPME-GC-MS对不同窨制工艺制得的玫瑰红茶香气成分进行分析。结果表明,4种赋香方式所得玫瑰红茶的理化成分具有显著性差异（P<0.05）。用鲜花赋香和细胞液喷洒赋香的两种红茶茶汤偏红、偏黄,明亮度不及其它2种赋香方式。以喷洒玫瑰细胞液的窨制方式得到的玫瑰红茶氨基酸含量较高（112.66 mg/L）;以玫瑰鲜花窨制得到的玫瑰红茶茶多酚含量较低（680.38 mg/L）。玫瑰红茶的主要呈香化合物为苯乙醛、芳樟醇、（E,E）-2,4-庚二烯醛、水杨酸甲酯、乙酸苯乙酯、β-紫罗酮、香叶醇、2-正戊基呋喃和正己醛这9种,玫瑰鲜花细胞液窨制的玫瑰红茶中含有的9种主要呈香化合物显著高于其它3种。本研究有助于创新玫瑰红茶的窨制方式,为高品质玫瑰红茶的窨制提供参考。     

Advances in the Therapeutic Effects of Apoptotic Bodies on Systemic Diseases

Apoptosis plays an important role in development and in the maintenance of homeostasis. Apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs) are specifically generated from apoptotic cells and can contain a large variety of biological molecules, which are of great significance in intercellular communications and the regulation of phagocytes. Emerging evidence in recent years has shown that ApoBDs are essential for maintaining homeostasis, including systemic bone density and immune regulation as well as tissue regeneration. Moreover, studies have revealed the therapeutic effects of ApoBDs on systemic diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis, diabetes, hepatic fibrosis, and wound healing, which can be used to treat potential targets. This review summarizes current research on the generation, application, and reconstruction of ApoBDs regarding their functions in cellular regulation and on systemic diseases, providing strong evidence and therapeutic strategies for further insights into related diseases.     

An LDMOS with large SOA and low specific on-resistance

An LDMOS with nearly rectangular-shape safe operation area (SOA) and low specific on-resistance is proposed. By utilizing a split gate, an electron accumulation layer is formed near the surface of the n-drift region to improve current conduction capability during on-state operation. As a result, the specific on-resistance can be lowered down to 74.7 mΩ·cm² for a 600 V device from simulation. Furthermore, under high-voltage and high-current conditions, electrons and holes flow as majority carriers in the n-drift region and p-type split gate, respectively. Due to charge compensation occurring between holes and electrons, the local electric field is reduced and impact ionization is weakened in the proposed device. Therefore, a higher on-state breakdown voltage at large V_GS is obtained and snap-back is suppressed as well.     

拓扑集成指数与TIBO类衍生物构效关系的研究

4H-甲基咪唑苯二氮(?)酮(TIBO)类衍生物是抗爱滋病的一种新药,分子连接性指数是经证明应用广泛、较为成功的一种指数,本文定义并计算了TIBO类衍生物原子的特征值δi,利用量子化学计算方法,建构新的拓扑集成指数G和分子连接性指数mX,基于多元回归技术建立的对TIBO类衍生物药物的油水分配系数,作出精确估算和预测的定量结构-活性相关关系,得到的多元回归方程为:logP=0.782 G-0.1430X 0.2312X-3.829,估算的平均相对误差为2.53%。为了检验模型的稳定性和预测能力,做了留一法交互校验,预测平均相对误差为3.40%。该模型相关系数高,稳定性好,预测能力强。     

Characterization of a Thermostable and Surfactant-Tolerant Chondroitinase B from a Marine Bacterium Microbulbifer sp. ALW1

Chondroitinase plays an important role in structural and functional studies of chondroitin sulfate (CS). In this study, a new member of chondroitinase B of PL6 family, namely ChSase B6, was cloned from marine bacterium Microbulbifer sp. ALW1 and subjected to enzymatic and structural characterization. The recombinant ChSase B6 showed optimum activity at 40 °C and pH 8.0, with enzyme kinetic parameters of K_m and V_max against chondroitin sulfate B (CSB) to be 7.85 µg/mL and 1.21 U/mg, respectively. ChSase B6 demonstrated thermostability under 60 °C for 2 h with about 50% residual activity and good pH stability under 4.0–10.0 for 1 h with above 60% residual activity. In addition, ChSase B6 displayed excellent stability against the surfactants including Tween-20, Tween-80, Trion X-100, and CTAB. The degradation products of ChSase B6-treated CSB exhibited improved antioxidant ability as a hydroxyl radical scavenger. Structural analysis and site-directed mutagenesis suggested that the conserved residues Lys248 and Arg269 were important for the activity of ChSase B6. Characterization, structure, and molecular dynamics simulation of ChSase B6 provided a guide for further tailoring for its industrial application for chondroitin sulfate bioresource development.