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101.
Antonella De Leonardis Giuseppe Lustrato Vincenzo Macciola Giancarlo Ranalli 《European Food Research and Technology》2010,231(4):603-610
Several chemical and physical anti-browning agents are studied in different model systems in which caffeic acid (as substrate)
and laccase from Trametes versicolor (LAC) and polyphenoloxidase from sunflower seeds (PPO) (as enzymes) are used to emulate the browning reaction. Temperature
and low electric current were the tested physical agents, while acetic acid, sodium acetate, sodium chloride and, finally,
sodium bisulfite were the chemical agents. Sunflower PPO was observed to be less heat sensitive than LAC that was fully inactivated
after 1 and 3 min of exposure to 100 and 80 °C, respectively. Conversely, PPO required more than 3 min at 100 °C to be fully
inactivated, and it still showed a significant activity (ca. 17%) after an exposure to 80 °C for 15 min. Both LAC and PPO
were found to be active at frozen (−18 °C) and cool (+4 °C) temperature, and their activities were strengthened at 40 and
60 °C. As concerning chemical agents, inhibitory power of acetic acid on LAC was observed to be very weak. In the sodium acetate
solution at the concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0%, LAC residual activity was equal to 81.5, 63.9, 61.1 and 35.2%, respectively.
PPO is shown to be more sensitive to the NaCl than LAC and indifferent to the presence of NaHSO3. A 28% residual activity of LAC was found in the solution with 200 mg L−1 NaHSO3. Finally, LAC activity was decreased to 72.3, 60.0, 16.7 and 8.4% after a low electric current (LEC) treatment of 30 s and
1, 3 and 6 min, respectively. Conversely, PPO activity was not affected under these conditions. 相似文献
102.
The technical quality of two compositionally different groups of solid bricks fired between 800 and 1000 °C was evaluated. Five weight percentage of fly ash was added to both groups and they were compared with similar bricks with no added fly ash.The textures of the bricks with fly ash were very similar to the textures of those without it, except that the samples with the additive contained spherical fly ash particles with diameters ranging from 0.1 to 10 μm. These particles led to a reduction in the density of the bricks and a substantial improvement in their durability, with less decay being caused by salt crystallization in the pores. This is because fly ash causes a reduction in the number of micropores, the pores that make porous materials most vulnerable to salt-induced decay. Use of this additive could have practical implications as a means of recycling and for achieving cost savings in brick production. 相似文献
103.
High‐tuning‐range CMOS band‐pass IF filter based on a low‐Q cascaded biquad optimization technique 下载免费PDF全文
Pietro Monsurrò Salvatore Pennisi Giuseppe Scotti Alessandro Trifiletti 《International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications》2015,43(11):1615-1636
A design procedure for high‐order continuous‐time intermediate‐frequency band‐pass filters based on the cascade of low‐Q biquadratic cells is presented. The approach is well suited for integrated‐circuit fabrication, as it takes into account the maximum capacitance spread dictated by the available technology and maximum acceptable sensitivity to component variations. A trade‐off between noise and maximum linear range is also met. A novel, wide‐tuning‐range transconductor topology is also described. Based on these results, a 10‐pole band‐pass filter for a code division multiple‐access satellite receiver has been designed and tested. The filter provides tunable center frequency (f0) from 10 to 70 MHz and exhibits a 28‐MHz bandwidth around f0 = 70 MHz with more than 39‐dB attenuation at f0/2 and 2f0. Third‐order harmonic rejection is higher than 60 dB for a 1‐Vpp 70‐MHz input, and equivalent output noise is lower than 1 mVrms. The circuit is fabricated in a 0.25‐µm complementary metal oxide semiconductor process, and the core consumes 12 mA from a 2.5‐V supply, offering the best current/pole ratio figure. The die area resulted to be 0.9 × 1.1 mm2. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
104.
105.
Marta Anna Szychlinska Francesca Maria Trovato Michelino Di Rosa Lucia Malaguarnera Lidia Puzzo Rosy Leonardi Paola Castrogiovanni Giuseppe Musumeci 《International journal of molecular sciences》2016,17(3)
Osteoarthritis is the most common human arthritis characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage. Several studies reported that levels of human cartilage glycoprotein chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) are known as a potential marker for the activation of chondrocytes and the progression of Osteoarthritis (OA), whereas lubricin appears to be chondroprotective. The aim of this study was to investigate the co-expression and co-localization of CHI3L1 and lubricin in normal and osteoarthritic rat articular cartilage to correlate their modified expression to a specific grade of OA. Samples of normal and osteoarthritic rat articular cartilage were analyzed by the Kellgren–Lawrence OA severity scores, the Kraus’ modified Mankin score and the Histopathology Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) system for histomorphometric evaluations, and through CHI3L1 and lubricin gene expression, immunohistochemistry and double immuno-staining analysis. The immunoexpression and the mRNA levels of lubricin increased in normal cartilage and decreased in OA cartilage (normal vs. OA, p < 0.01). By contrast, the immunoexpression and the mRNA levels of CHI3L1 increased in OA cartilage and decreased in normal cartilage (normal vs. OA, p < 0.01). Our findings are consistent with reports suggesting that these two glycoproteins are functionally associated with the development of OA and in particular with grade 2/3 of OA, suggesting that in the future they could be helpful to stage the severity and progression of the disease. 相似文献
106.
Francesco Malara Alessandro Cannavale Giuseppe Gigli 《Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications》2015,23(3):290-301
In the last few years, a new class of smart multifunctional photoelectrochemical devices has been attracting the interest of several academic institutions and industrial companies: photovoltachromic cells, combining the features of photoelectrochromic cells with those of dye‐sensitized solar cells. Here, we report the results of a detailed electrochemical analysis aiming at investigating the electrochemical behavior of these complex photoelectrochemical devices. In particular, we have been focused on the effect of Li+ ions displacement during the coloration of the electrochromic tungsten oxide on the performances of the photovoltaic unit. As we had previously observed striking differences between the performances of the barely photovoltaic mode (with the tungsten oxide in the bleached state) and the photovoltachromic mode (with the tungsten oxide in the colored state), we thus attempted to provide a reasonable physical interpretation to the observed phenomena. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
107.
Dario Cavallo Lorenza Gardella Giuseppe Portale Alejandro J. Müller Giovanni C. Alfonso 《Polymer》2014
Isotactic poly(1-butene) (i-PBu) is a polyolefin of industrial relevance which exhibits an interesting polymorphism. Upon cooling from the relaxed melt at atmospheric pressure, a tetragonal phase (Form II) develops. However, being metastable, this structure slowly evolves upon aging in the stable trigonal modification (Form I). Another trigonal modification, denoted Form I′, can also crystallize directly from the melt if proper conditions are met, e.g., high pressure, low tacticity, ultrathin samples etc. In this work, we aim to verify whether, by acting on the nucleation stage via a proper thermal history, the direct formation of the trigonal polymorph from the melt in a bulk sample is possible. Nucleation of i-PBu has been tailored by means of the self-nucleation technique, imposed on previously aged samples (Form I). DSC and temperature-resolved WAXS show that different crystallization pathways can be observed, depending on the residual concentration of Form I self-nuclei. With decreasing self-nucleation temperature we first encounter “cross-nucleation” of the tetragonal crystal on trigonal nuclei, followed by concomitant crystallization of Form II and Form I′ and eventually the sole formation of the trigonal modification (Form I′). 相似文献
108.
Michele Brucoli Leonarda Carnimeo Giuseppe Grassi 《International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications》1996,24(4):489-510
In this paper a global design method for associative memories using discrete-time cellular neural networks (DTCNNs) is presented. The proposed synthesis technique enables to realize associative memories with several advantageous features. First of all, grey-level as well as bipolar images can be stored. Moreover, the proposed approach generates networks with learning and forgetting capabilities. Finally, it is possible to design networks with any kind of predetermined interconnection structure. In particular, neighbourhoods without line crossings can be chosen, greatly simplifying the VLSI implementation of the designed DTCNNs. In the first part of this work a model of a multilevel threshold network is presented and a stability analysis is carried out using basic notions deriving from non-linear dynamical system theory. The synthesis procedure is then developed by means of a pseudoinversion technique, assuring learning and forgetting capabilities of the designed DTCNN. The use of a neighbourhood without line crossings is also discussed. Simulation results are reported to show the capability of the proposed approach. 相似文献
109.
Ciro Cascella Mario Malinconico Ezio Martuscelli Alessandro Piermattei Giuseppe Ragosta Adriana Rizzo 《大分子材料与工程》1995,231(1):79-89
Experimental batches of linear rubber-like polyurethanes characterized by the presence of chemically different hard segments are studied and their thermal and dynamic-mechanical properties are related to the differences in chemical compositions. Interesting correlations are found between the development of crystallinity in such elastomeric poly(urethaneurea)s and the aromatic or alicyclic nature of the diisocyanate. Moreover, for a fixed ratio between hard and soft segments, and for a given composition of the soft segment, the results seem to indicate a better degree of phase separation in cycloaliphatic-based hard segment poly(urethaneurea)s than in aromatic-based hard segment poly(urethaneurea)s. 相似文献