Fuzzy estimation of feed-cutting force from current measurement-a case study on intelligent tool wear condition monitoring

It is very important to use a reliable and inexpensive sensor to obtain useful information about manufacturing processing, such as cutting force for monitoring automated machining. In this paper, the feed-cutting force is estimated using inexpensive current sensors installed on the ac servomotor of a computerized numerical control (CNC) turning center, with the results applied to the intelligent tool wear monitoring system. The mathematical model is used to disclose the implicit dependency of feed-cutting force on feed-motor current and feed speed. Afterwards, a neuro-fuzzy network is used to identify the cutting force with current measurement only. This hybrid math-fuzzy approach will reduce the modeling uncertainty and measurement cost. Finally, the estimated cutting force is applied in the tool-wear monitoring process. Successful experiments demonstrate robustness and effectiveness of the suggested method in the wide range of tool-wear monitoring applications.     

Soft-switched DC/DC converter with PWM control

In this paper, a new power converter with two variations is proposed. A novel asymmetrical pulse-width-modulation (PWM) control scheme is used to control the power converter under constant switching frequency operation. The modes of operation for both variations are discussed. The DC characteristics, which can be used in the design of the power converters, are also presented. Two 50 W power converters were built to verify the characteristics of the converters. Due to the zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) operation of the switches and low device voltage and current stresses, these power converters have high full- and partial-load efficiencies. They are, therefore, potential candidates for high-efficiency high-density power supply applications     

61单元分立式压电变形反射镜的研制

用于校正波前误差的61单元分立式压电变形反射镜是61单元自适应光学系统（AO）的关键器件之一。由于系统对单元数（61单元）和变形量（±3μm）的要求超过以往曾研制的变形镜，对研制工作带来许多困难。我们从理论分析到工艺研究采取措施，使研制的变形镜成功用于AO系统实验。     

光纤中的四波混频及其受色散的影响

讨论了四波混频的效率及色散对四波混频的影响，并推导了四波混频光的效率公式。另外，在光纤线路中由于每段光纤的零色散波长略有不同，四波混频的发生与有均匀零色散波长光纤中的不同，本文对这种情况下的四波混频也进行了分析研究。     

The Flow Resistance and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Micro Pin-Fins with Different Cross-Sectional Shapes

The flow resistance and heat transfer characteristics of deionized water flowing through a rectangular channel (60 mm × 5.2 mm × 0.5 mm) with staggered array micro pin-fin circular, diamond, and elliptical groups are experimentally investigated over Reynolds numbers ranging from 8 to 1,000, and the investigation shows that the flow resistance increases due to the endwall effect and large pin-fins density at low Re. With the increase in Re, the endwall effect is weakened, but the flow resistance still increases due to the appearance of vortex resistance, and the heat transfer is enhanced due to the flow disturbance or transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow. The experimental results are also compared with predictions of the theoretical correlations for the staggered array micro pin-fin groups, and the comparisons indicate that only the correlation related to the diamond shaped micro pin-fin groups approximately agrees with experimental data, and the other correlations do not describe well the flow and heat transfer characteristics covering laminar, transitional, and turbulent states in circular and elliptical test sections.     

河南烤烟（40级）总灰分及主要矿质元素分析报告

以河南烤烟（４０级）国家标准仿制样品为试验材料，测定各等级烟叶总灰分及主要矿质元素含量，分析其与烟叶部位、颜色、成熟度、等级的关系，找出规律性，为研究烟叶矿质元素与外观质量、内在质量、燃烧性、安全性的关系提供参考。     

Influence of Mn-doping concentration on the microstructure and magnetic properties of ZnO thin films

The microstructure and magnetic properties of Mn-doped ZnO films with various Mn contents, synthesized by magnetron sputtering at room temperature, are investigated in detail. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement results suggest that the doped Mn ions occupy the Zn sites successfully and do not change the crystal structure of the ZnO films. However, the microstructure of the Mn-doped ZnO films apparently changes with increasing the Mn concentration. Arrays of well-aligned nanoscale rods are found in the Mn-doped ZnO films with moderate Mn concentrations. Magnetic measurement results indicate that the ZnO films doped with moderate Mn concentration are ferromagnetic at room temperature. The possible origin of the ferromagnetism in our samples is also explored in detail.     

电梯缓冲器复位时间测试仪的传感器电路设计

在检验电梯时,一般情况下检验人员都是用人眼来判断缓冲器复位时间的,这时都需要检测人员蹲在电梯轿厢坑底,这样对检验人员来说环境是很差的,而且又是很危险,检测结果也是很不准确的。本文就介绍一实用方便的电梯缓冲器测试仪传感器的电路,它利用光电开关来检测轿厢和缓冲器脱离信号,进而得到触发电压,并且通过外接555斯密特触发器来转换电平,然后通过接口把信号送进微处理器来判断缓冲器复位时间。     

利用SOA交叉增益调制实现2.5 Gbit/s非归零码的全光波长变换

采用半导体光放大器 (SOA)的交叉增益调制进行了 2 5Gbit/s的非归零码光脉冲的波长变换。向下波长变换间距大于 2 0nm ,向上波长变换间距大于 10nm。对变换信号测量了接收机入纤功率和误码率的关系。实验中采用同向变换的方式 ,信号光中心波长固定 ,探测光采用外腔半导体激光器 ,中心波长连续可调。对变换信号进行了至少 1h的测量 ,误码为零。为其在波分复用(WDM)网络中的应用奠定了基础。