Microwave Heating Affects Composition and Oxidative Stability of Sesame (Sesamum indicum) Oil

The effects of microwave heating on antioxidative components and lipid quality of sesame seeds were studied. Amounts of antioxidative components were 576, 18, and 8 mg/kg oil for γ-, δ-, and α-tocopherols; 6,824, 5,642, and 54 mg/kg oil for sesamin, sesamolin, and sesamol, respectively. During microwave treatments, concentrations of tocopherols, sesamin and sesamolin gradually decreased, and ca. 20% of these dominant components was lost after 30 min heating. However, microwave treatments for 16 to 20 min, which would be optimal to prepare sesame oil with better quality, still retained over 85% of the antioxidative components (with few exceptions) and caused no significant chemical changes in lipids.     

The Dyeing Properties on Polyester Fibre Blends of Monoazo Reactive Disperse Dyes Containing a Vinylsulphonyl Group

The preparation of monoazo reactive disperse dyes containing a vinylsuphonyl group as the coupling component is described, as well as the dyeing properties of these dyes on polyester-cotton and polyester-wool blends. The suitability of the dyes for heat-transfer printing has been examined.     

Structural classification of non-linear systems by input and output measurements

It is desirable to know the internal structure of a non-linear system that is regarded as a 'black box'. The structural classification of the 'black box' is made from input and output relations. In this paper, the necessary conditions of structural classification are developed by the Volterra and Wiener theories and correlation analysis. A class of non-linear models in cascade is described by cross-correlation functions and Volterra and Wiener kernels. These conditions are first discussed in the frequency domain. Then the formulae of the conditions for structural identification in the time domain are obtained. Further, relations between structural information and the kernels are developed. Simulations are carried out that verify the authors' methods of structural testing. Next, some formulae for discriminating the feedback non-linear system's structure are newly developed. Furthermore, it is shown that the linear subsystem transfer functions and the non-linear subsystem parameters for these feedback non-linear systems can be estimated. Finally, the validity and sufficiency of the conditions for structural testing are discussed.     

Preparation of Cerium-Activated Silica Glasses: Phosphorus and Aluminum Codoping Effects on Absorption and Fluorescence Properties

Cerium-activated silica (SiO₂) glasses were prepared by plasma torch chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In Ce-doped SiO₂ glasses, most Ce exists as Ce⁴⁺ ions; the remaining small amount of Ce³⁺ ions exhibits a broad fluorescence spectrum with a large Stokes shift, ∼9600 cm^-1, from the excitation spectrum peak of 324 nm. Aluminum and phosphorus codoping considerably increases the Ce³⁺ ratio and shifts the peaks of both spectra to shorter wavelengths. P codoping is the more effective way to achieve this result and in some cases produces an absorption spectrum similar to that of a Ce-doped phosphate glass. These findings are consistent with the solvatiorn shell model for codoping, as previously proposed. To codope P, a soot remelting method was devised to deal with the highly volatile P₂O₅.     

Evaluation of giga-cycle fatigue properties of some maraging steels by intermittent ultrasonic fatigue testing

ABSTRACT In evaluating the giga-cycle fatigue strength of some high strength steels, information on the size distribution of nonmetallic inclusions contained in the material is indispensable. To save time and effort of obtaining such data concerning the inclusions, a convenient dissolution method to evaluate the maximum inclusion size is proposed, in place of a conventional method of measuring the inclusion sizes on many cross-sectional areas. Meanwhile, to save time-consuming work of obtaining giga-cycle fatigue properties of some metallic materials, an intermittent ultrasonic fatigue testing method has also been developed. In the present paper, these two newly developed methods were successfully combined to assess the long life fatigue properties of maraging steels as a function of inclusion size.     

Near Infrared Spectroscopic Measurement of Protein Content in Oil/Water Emulsions

The regression coefficient (slope) of the calibration for determination of the protein content decreased as oil content increased. A corrected equation for the effect of oil was derived using optical intensities at 2170 nm (protein) and 2306 nm (oil). The accuracy of the corrected calibration was tested against separate data sets with each oil content. Standard errors of the corrected calibration were comparable to the standared regression equation over a wide range of oil content, suggesting that this corrected calibration is useful for determination of the protein content in oil/water emulsions.     

Representative sample of LISP program inference from examples

The inference of LISP programs from their input-output behaviour is one of the most significant subjects in the study of inductive inference. P.D. Summers gave the inference algorithm for this problem. His method uses a recurrence relation among multiple examples. We have extended this method. By characterizing the set of examples, we introduce the notion of a representative sample that describes the capability of the LISP program appropriately. That is, a representative sample is the set of examples that are the simplest ones of all the examples that behave in the same way. Then, we give a condition that assures the existence of a representative sample and partial correctness of the inference algorithm. Furthermore, we propose an interactive procedure that transforms an arbitrary given set of examples into the representative one. This procedure makes the inference algorithm flexible.     

Three‐Phase AC Filter Inductor Design for Three‐Phase PWM Inverter for Conversion Efficiency Improvement at Low Load

The inductor losses in a three‐phase ac filter inductor used in a three‐phase pulse‐width modulation (PWM) inverter are evaluated. First, a three‐phase inductor is designed to obtain the same value of inductance for each phase. Then, based on the design, a three‐phase inductor that uses two magnetic materials is proposed. The conversion efficiency of a 1 kVA three‐phase PWM inverter that uses the conventional and proposed ac filter inductors is simulated. Simulation results show that conversion efficiency improves. Finally, the conversion efficiency of an actual three‐phase 1 kVA PWM inverter that uses the conventional and proposed ac filter inductors is measured. In the experiment, the conversion efficiency obtained for the case of the proposed inductor improves by approximately 1% at low power load as compared to the conventional inductor. Furthermore, the calculated inductor losses are in good agreement with measured losses. Improvement in efficiency is verified trough simulations and experiments.     

As2S8薄膜光致折射率效应及其在条波导制备中的应用研究

分别采用紫外光和He-Cd激光辐照，实验研究了As2S8非晶态薄膜的光致折射率变化以及膜厚变化的现象，归纳了实验规律，初步分析了机理。利用光诱起折射率变化效应试制了As2S8玻璃条波导，实现了良好的导波特性。