IMPEDANCE CALCULATION OF SOLID SALIENT-POLE MACHINE AT ASYNCHRONOUS OPERATION

ABSTRACT

This paper calculates the impedance of salient-pole machine, using the finite element technique, also the induction torque calculated for asynchronous operation. The flux distribution and Poynting vector are also calculated by finite element method (FEM).

The impedance calculation formula of the solid pole which has nonlinear magnetic characteristics is obtained analytically by using the solution of the two dimensional problem taking into consideration the magnetic saturation of the solid rotor induction motor     

Design Method for Improving Motor Efficiency of Switched Reluctance Motor

The motor efficiencies of switched reluctance motors (SRMs) are inferior to those of permanent magnet synchronous motors. This paper describes a design procedure for an SRM to obtain a higher motor efficiency. The first step in the design procedure makes clear the principle for improving the motor efficiency. The cross‐sectional and axial shapes of the rotor and stator cores are designed by magnetic field analysis with the two‐dimensional (2D) and 3D finite element method. A high‐efficiency SRM with 12 stator poles and eight rotor poles is designed. The designed SRM was produced experimentally, and was tested to verify its performance. The motor efficiency was improved in comparison to the standard SRM with six stator poles and four rotor poles.     

隧道墙附近火源火灾热气流的计算流体动力学

运用CFD进行数字模拟，以了解纵向通风隧道内热烟气流的特性。通过模拟发现对火源进行模拟非常重要，热烟气流特性受火源位置的影响很大，并且对火源模拟方法很敏感。火源生成的火焰区是燃烧引起的化学反应区域。即使火源附近的木垛排列完好，也很难在考虑这些化学反应条件下模拟热生成区域。建议考虑纵向通风隧道内火焰形状并对它进行数字模拟。模拟结果与试验结果非常吻合。试验证明，在纵向通风隧道内，热烟气流从靠近墙体火源处顺风向隧道中心蔓延。数字模拟结果发现，火灾羽流造成的螺旋上升空气会在墙体和羽流之间形成一个涡流区。     

楼梯间内人流合并特性研究

探讨了楼梯间内人流合并的影响以及随着人员密度的变化,合流方向和楼梯间与大厅之间门开启与关闭状态对人流合并难易程度的影响。研究结果表明:(1)人员密度小时合流较容易;(2)如果加入人流与楼梯内人员疏散方向相同时,人流合并较容易;(3)门处于开启状态时,合流较容易。如果门处于关闭状态,人员的疏散速度将降低30%。     

Comparison Study of (001)-/(100)-Oriented Epitaxial and Fiber-Textured Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 Thick Films Prepared by MOCVD

(001)-/(100)-oriented epitaxial PZT films and fiber-textured PZT films with a thickness of 2 μ m were deposited on (100) _c SrRuO₃//(100)SrTiO₃ and (111)Pt/TiO₂/SiO₂/(100)Si substrates, respectively, by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Crystal structure and the electrical properties were compared for epitaxial PZT films with those of fiber-textured ones, which had the same out-of-plane orientation but different in-plane orientation. The constituent phase change from the single phase of tetragonal PZT, mixture phases of tetragonal and rhombohedral ones and the single phase of rhombohedral one for both films when the Zr/(Zr + Ti) ratio increased. The out-of-plane lattice parameter of (001)- and (100)-axes of PZT films were almost the same value for both films. This indicates the residual strain in the PZT films was almost the same. Dielectric constant (? _r) took the maximum value around the MPB composition for (001)-/(100)-oriented fiber-textured films but was almost independent of the Zr/(Zr + Ti) ratio for epitaxial ones. Moreover, there was no significantly dependence of remanent polarization (P _r) value on the Zr/(Zr + Ti) ratio for (001)-/(100)-oriented fiber-textured films, while it took minimum value near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) for epitaxial ones.     

Egg Yolk Antibody (Ig Y) Stability in Aqueous Solution with High Sugar Concentrations

Effect of sugars on the stabilization of hen egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) under various processing conditions was investigated. By adding 30–50% (w/v) sucrose or invert sugar to an IgY solution heat denaturation of the IgY antibody at 75–80°C was markedly suppressed. A high concentration of sugar was also effective to retain the IgY activity under acidic conditions of pH 3 or high pressure of 5,000 kg/cm² at 60°C. Addition of high concentrations of sucrose may be a simple means to stabilize IgY for processing and preservation.     

Properties of hydrogels synthesized by freezing and thawing aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solutions and their applications

The hydrogel synthesized by freezing a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution and thawing it slowly has high water content, excellent mechanical properties of high tensile strength, elongation and good shape recovery by elasticity. The PVA used had a degree of polymerization of 2500 and a degree of saponification of 99.5 mol%. The solution was obtained by dissolving 7.5 g of PVA in 80 g of water, this was frozen at –50°C for 3 h and then warmed up to room temperature over 10h. This freezing–thawing process was repeated once again and a hydrogel was synthesized. The hydrogel had a water content of about 90 wt%. Its tensile strength was 0.6 MPa and the elongation at break was 130%. The shape of the hydrogel which was deformed by an external force recovered in a short time when it was released from the force. This recovery had good persistence and repeatability. Applying these properties a strain sensor and a gas pressure sensor were tested. Furthermore, a PVA hydrogel rod containing polyacrylic acid was used as a bending actuator. This hydrogel had the ability to deform when direct current was applied.