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21.
The question of pattern in architecture generally divides architects into two distinct groups: those with an aesthetic interest in man-made ornament; and those who take a deeper interest in the processes that underlie the formation of pattern in the natural world. An investigation of the performative, though, enables an exploration of pattern that arises out of the interaction of man-made interventions with the natural environment. Michael Hensel , Professor for research by Design at AHO, the Oslo School of Architecture and Design, and Achim Menges of the Emtech (Emergent Technologies and Design programme) at the Architectural Association in London, explore this arena based on their research and educational work at the AA and other international institutions, which focuses on aspects of performance in the built environment. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
22.
Michael Hensel 《Architectural Design》2011,81(1):56-65
Michael Hensel draws a parallel between the present and a moment in the early 1990s when typology seemed poised to come to the fore. He highlights how despite a promising start this interest slipped away and was supplanted by an obsession with topography and highly complex surfaces, leading to a primacy of the individual built form over the urban. 相似文献
23.
DM Willerford JJ Bwayo M Hensel W Emonyi FA Plummer EN Ngugi N Nagelkerke WM Gallatin J Kreiss 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,167(6):1414-1417
To determine the frequency and duration of antibody-negative human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among heterosexually exposed African women, 56 HIV-seronegative female prostitutes in Nairobi were studied. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect HIV DNA in peripheral blood at enrollment, and women were followed prospectively with serologic testing to determine HIV seroincidence. Six women (11%) were infected with HIV by PCR criteria at enrollment. Seroconversion occurred in 5 of these subjects within 1-12 months, while the sixth remained seronegative when last evaluated at 5 months. The cumulative annual seroconversion rate in the entire cohort was 38%. Using maximum likelihood analysis, the mean interval between HIV infection and seroconversion was estimated to be between 3 and 4 months, similar to that described for homosexual men and blood product recipients in the United States. Prolonged HIV infection in the absence of antibodies appears to be uncommon in this setting. 相似文献
24.
Ser --> Cys mutations were introduced into subunit delta of spinach chloroplast F0F1-ATPase (CF0CF1) by site-directed mutagenesis. The engineered delta subunits were overexpressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and reassembled with spinach chloroplast F1-ATPase (CF1) lacking the delta subunit (CF1(-delta)). By modification with eosin-5-maleimide, it was shown that residues 10, 57, 82, 160, and 166 were solvent-accessible in isolated CF1 and all but residue 166 also in membrane-bound CF0CF1. Modification of the engineered delta subunit with photolabile cross-linkers, binding of delta to CF1(-delta), and photolysis yielded the same SDS gel pattern of cross-link products in the presence or absence of ADP, phosphate, and ATP and both in soluble CF1 and in CF0CF1. By chemical hydrolysis of cross-linked CF1, it was shown that deltaS10C was cross-linked within the N-terminal 62 residues of subunit beta. deltaS57C, deltaS82C, and deltaS166C were cross-linked within the N-terminal 192 residues of subunit alpha. Cross-linking affected neither ATP hydrolysis by soluble CF1 nor its ability to reassemble with CF0 and to structurally reconstitute ATP synthesis. Functional reconstitution, however, seemed to be impaired. 相似文献
25.
The “railway-switch” model describes the superconducting current transport in (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 silver-sheathed tapes under the basic assumption that small-angle c axis tilt grain boundaries (“railway-switch”) constitute
strong intergrain links for the supercurrent in the textured filament [B. Hensel, J.-C. Grivel, A. Jeremie, A. Perin, A. Pollini,
and R. Flükiger,Physica C 205, 329 (1993)]. We give an overview of the model and some recent experimental results with the objective to identify the
mechanisms that limit the critical current density. The measurements have been performed on monofilamentary “powderin-tube”
samples [Jc(T < 77K, B < 0 T) < 20..30 kA/cm2] that were prepared in long lengths by rolling as the only tape-forming process. We conclude that the low intragrain critical
current density jc
c along the c axis (or the even lower critical current density jc
t across twist boundaries or intergrowths) is the dominant limitation for the transport critical current in high-quality tapes.
We discuss possible starting points for a performance improvement of the (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 silver-sheathed tapes for applications.
On leave from Consorzio INFM, Universitá di Genova, Italy. 相似文献
26.
Reversible adhesion is the key functionality to grip, place, and release objects nondestructively. Inspired by nature, micropatterned dry adhesives are promising candidates for this purpose and have attracted the attention of research groups worldwide. Their enhanced adhesion compared to nonpatterned surfaces is frequently demonstrated. An important conclusion is that the contact mechanics involved is at least as important as the surface energy and chemistry. In this paper, the roles of the contact geometry and mechanical properties are reviewed. With a focus on applications, the effects of substrate roughness and of temperature variations, and the long‐term performance of micropatterned adhesives are discussed. The paper provides a link between the current, detailed understanding of micropatterned adhesives and emerging applications. 相似文献
27.
Multi-layer compounds with integrated actor-sensor-functionality 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Reimund Neugebauer Lutz Lachmann Welf-G. Drossel Matthias Nestler Sebastian Hensel 《Production Engineering》2010,4(4):379-384
A method is presented to integrate the cost and time consuming afterwards-joining technologies of piezo actors and sensors
direct in the forming processes for metal blank structures. Possible applications for such parts are vibration/ noise damping,
deformable shape control, energy harvesting or several sensor tasks. Different forming processes are experimentally investigated
and the limits according to deformation of the brittle piezo components discussed. In the numerical research the piezomodule
components (piezo fibre, electrodes and plastics embeddings) are homogenized to create a computation-time reducing simplified
material model. In a back-transfer of global loads in the forming simulation a representative volume element (RVE) with cyclic
boundary conditions is used to evaluate the loading of the piezoceramic material to describe the function degradation due
to forming operation. The comparison of numerically and experimentally determined results in a linear manner lead to the necessarity
of further numerical research. The location of maximum piezo-patch loading corresponds well with the numerical investigation.
The numerical integral model for function degradation shows a large difference in comparison to the integral experimentally
determined values. Therefore extensive experimental research direct on the piezomodule outside the forming compound is planned
to fit the degradation model in a nonlinear manner. 相似文献
28.
29.
N. Volkmann B. Kulig S. Hoppe J. Stracke O. Hensel N. Kemper 《Journal of dairy science》2021,104(5):5921-5931
Claw lesions are a serious problem on dairy farms, affecting both the health and welfare of the cow. Automated detection of lameness with a practical, on-farm application would support the early detection and treatment of lame cows, potentially reducing the number and severity of claw lesions. Therefore, in this study, a method was proposed for the detection of claw lesions based on the acoustic analysis of a cow's gait. A panel was constructed to measure the impact sound of animals walking over it. The recorded impact sound was edited, and 640 sound files from 64 cows were analyzed. The classification of animal-lameness status was performed using a machine-learning process with a random forest algorithm. The gold standard was a 2-point scale of hoof-trimming results (healthy vs. affected), and 38 properties of the recorded sound files were used as influencing factors. A prediction model for classifying the cow lameness was built using a random forest algorithm. This was validated by comparing the reference output from hoof-trimming with the model output concerning the impact sound. Altering the likelihood settings and changing the cutoff value to predict lame animals improved the prediction model. At a cutoff at 0.4, a decreased false-negative rate was generated, and the false-positive rate only increased slightly. This model obtained a sensitivity of 0.81 and a specificity of 0.97. With this procedure, Cohen's Kappa value of 0.80 showed good agreement between model classification and diagnoses from hoof-trimming. In summary, the prediction model enabled the detection of cows with claw lesions. This study shows that lameness can be detected by machine learning from the impact sound of hoofs in dairy cows. 相似文献
30.