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排序方式: 共有259条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Toshio Kimura Hideto Kajiyama Ryuichi Yazaki Takashi Yamaguchi 《Journal of Materials Science》1996,31(15):4149-4157
The densification and microstructure development of ZnO containing Zn7Sb2O12, ZrO2, and aggregated ZnO were investigated to elucidate the effect of nondensifying inclusions on the sintering of ceramic/ceramic composites. The inclusion retarded the densification, and the degree of retardation was found to depend on the chemical species of inclusion; Zn7Sb2O12 had the largest effect, followed by ZrO2 and then aggregated ZnO last. The experimental results for aggregated ZnO was explained by the theory which predicts the generation of backstresses. The backstresses give a less significant effect on the densification. For Zn7Sb2O12 and ZrO2, the microstructure of the matrix varied with distance from an inclusion particle; much porosity was observed in the region surrounding the inclusion. Circumferential voids, which are responsible for the suppression of densification, form during the initial stage of sintering. Inclusion particles generate an anchoring effect which retards the densification of the matrix immediately surrounding the inclusion particle during the intermediate stage.Supported by the Inamori Foundation. 相似文献
2.
Poly(l-lactide) (i.e. poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA)) and poly(d-lactide) (i.e. poly(d-lactic acid) (PDLA)) and their equimolar enantiomeric blend (PLLA/PDLA) films were prepared and the effects of enantiomeric polymer blending on the thermal stability and degradation of the films were investigated isothermally and non-isothermally under nitrogen gas using thermogravimetry (TG). The enantiomeric polymer blending was found to successfully enhance the thermal stability of the PLLA/PDLA film compared with those of the pure PLLA and PDLA films. The activation energies for thermal degradation (ΔEtd) were evaluated at different weight loss values from TG data using the procedure recommended by MacCallum et al. The ΔEtd values of the PLLA/PDLA, PLLA, and PDLA films were in the range of 205-297, 77-132, and 155-242 kJ mol−1 when they were evaluated at weight loss values of 25-90% and the ΔEtd value of the PLLA/PDLA film was higher by 82-110 kJ mol−1 than the averaged ΔEtd value of the PLLA and PDLA films. The mechanism for the enhanced thermal stability of the PLLA/PDLA film is discussed. 相似文献
3.
4.
Hideto Matsuyama Kentarou Hayashi Taisuke Maki Masaaki Teramoto Noboru Kubota 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2004,93(1):471-474
Microporous high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) and low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) hollow fiber membranes were prepared from polyethylene–diisodecyl phthalate solution via thermally induced phase separation. Effect of the polyethylene density on the membrane structure and performance was investigated. The HDPE membrane showed about five times higher water permeability than the LDPE membrane because it had the larger pore and the higher porosity at the outer membrane surface. The formation of the larger pore was owing to both the initial larger structure formed by spinodal decomposition and the suppression of the diluent evaporation from the outer membrane surface due to the higher solution viscosity. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 471–474, 2004 相似文献
5.
Phase separation rate during porous membrane formation by immersion precipitation was investigated by light scattering in a polyimide/N‐Methylpyrrolidone (NMP)/water system. In the light scattering measurement, plots of scattered intensity against scattered angle showed maxima in all cases, which indicated that phase separation occurred by a spinodal decomposition (SD). Characteristic properties of the early stage of SD, such as an apparent diffusion coefficient Dapp and an interphase periodic distance Λ, were obtained. The growth process of Λ was also followed by light scattering. The growth rate had the same tendency as Dapp when water content in the nonsolvent bath and the polymer concentration in the cast solution were changed. The pore size of the final membrane increased with decreasing water content, which was opposite to the tendency of Λ growth rate. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 292–296, 2003 相似文献
6.
Pulsed plasma thrusters (PPTs) have the advantages of mechanical simplicity and robustness compared to other electric propulsion systems. However the thrust power ratio of PPTs is lower than that of other electric propulsion systems. To enhance the thrust performance of the PPT, we propose to use several combustible solid chemicals as coaxial PPT propellants to replace Teflon® (Polytetrafluoroethylene: PTFE). With the design, the force obtained thermodynamically is expected to augment the PPT thrust power ratio with the help of the chemical energy contained in the propellants. As a result, the thrust power ratio is increased using hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-ammonium perchlorate (HTPB-AP)-based propellants compared to the case of ordinary Teflon. The discharge current and voltage waveform does not change even when the propellant is changed. These findings could indicate that the impulse bits by gasdynamic contribution are lager in the case of chemical solid propellants than in the case of Teflon. 相似文献
7.
Eiji Kamio Tomoki Yasui Yu Iida Jian Ping Gong Hideto Matsuyama 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2017,29(47)
Highly robust ion gels, termed double‐network (DN) ion gels, composed of inorganic/organic interpenetrating networks and a large amount of ionic liquids (ILs), are fabricated. The DN ion gels with an 80 wt% IL content show extraordinarily high mechanical strength: more than 28 MPa of compressive fracture stress. In the DN ion gel preparation, a brittle inorganic network of physically bonded silica nanoparticles and a ductile organic network of polydimethylacrylamide (PDMAAm) are formed in the IL. Because of the different reaction mechanisms of the inorganic/organic networks, the DN ion gels can be formed by an easy and free‐shapeable one‐pot synthesis. They can be prepared in a controllable manner by manipulating the formation order of the inorganic and organic networks via not only multistep but also single‐step processes. When silica particles form a network prior to the PDMAAm network formation, DN ion gels can be prepared. The brittle silica particle network in the DN ion gel, serving as sacrificial bonds, easily ruptures under loading to dissipate energy, while the ductile PDMAAm network maintains the shape of the material by the rubber elasticity. Given the reversible physical bonding between the silica particles, the DN ion gels exhibit a significant degree of self‐recovery by annealing. 相似文献
8.
Poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) polymers having terminal n-alkyl groups with a wide variety of lengths (C0–C22) were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide in the presence of coinitiators of l-lactic acid (C0), 1-hexanol (C6), 1-dodecanol (C12), and 1-docosanol (C22) and their segmental mobility and non-isothermal and isothermal crystallization behavior were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide-angle X-ray diffractometry (WAXD). Glass transition and cold crystallization temperatures of melt-quenched samples during heating decreased with an increase in the length of terminal n-alkyl groups. The enhanced PLLA segmental mobility and hydrophobic interaction-based accelerated PLLA nucleation by the presence of terminal long n-alkyl groups should have caused the accelerated non-isothermal and isothermal crystallization of PLLA segments traced by cold crystallization temperature during heating and by radial growth rate of spherulites, respectively. The crystallization accelerating effect became higher with the length of terminal n-alkyl groups. The effects of the length of terminal n-alkyl group on the crystalline growth mechanism of PLLA at the lowest crystallizable temperature was insignificant, whereas the effects of the length of terminal n-alkyl group on the nucleation mechanism of PLLA chains were significant and insignificant for PLLA having Mn of 6–7 × 103 of 2 × 104 g mol−1, respectively. WAXD measurements revealed that the transition crystallization temperature at which crystalline modification changes from δ-form to α-form was affected by the length of terminal n-alkyl group for PLLA having Mn of 6–7 × 103 g mol−1, but was not altered by the length of terminal n-alkyl group for PLLA having Mn of 2 × 104 g mol−1. 相似文献
9.
Hideto Tsuji Yoshito Ikada Suong-Hyu Hyon Yoshiharu Kimura Toshio Kitao 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1994,51(2):337-344
To obtain poly(lactic acid) (PLA) complex fibers, spinning was performed by wet and dry methods from 5–10 g/dL chloroform solutions of poly(D-lactic acid) (PDLA) and poly(L-lactic), both with a viscosity-average molecular weight of 3 × 105. The dope was extruded from a monohole nozzle into coagulation baths from ethanol and chloroform for wet spinning and into a drying column kept at 60°C for dry spinning. Scanning electron microscopic observation of the as-spun fibers showed that the surface of the wet-spun fiber had large basins with diameters of 50–100 μm and many pores with diameters from sub μm to 10 μm, whereas the surface of dry-spun fiber had a microporous structure with the pore diameter of 1–3 μm. The tensile strength of the wet-spun complex fiber was very low and could not be drawn at high temperatures, in contrast to the dry-spun fiber. The tensile strength of dry-spun complex fiber increased upon hot drawing and showed the tensile strength of 94 kg/mm2 by drawing at 160°C to the draw ratio of 13. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed that the complex fibers contained both the stereocomplex crystallites (racemic crystallites) and the crystallites of the single polymers, PDLA and PLLA, regardless of the spinning methods. The ratio of the racemic crystallites to the single-polymer crystallites increased with the draw ratio of the complex fiber. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
10.
A series of novel hexene‐1–propylene random copolymers with isotactic sequence of propylene was synthesized with a MgCl2‐supported Cr(acac)3 catalyst. The molecular weight distribution of copolymers and homopolymers was considerably narrower than that of typical polyolefins produced by heterogeneous Ziegler–Natta catalysts. The crystallizability of the copolymers having a propylene‐unit content of more than 50 mol % drastically decreased with decreasing propylene‐unit content, and the copolymers with a propylene content of less than 50 mol % were completely amorphous. In the present novel type of random copolymers with crystallizable and noncrystallizable units, a single glass transition was observed between pure polypropylene and polyhexene‐1, and a major component was found to govern the final morphology and the mechanical characteristics. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 2949–2954, 2004 相似文献