耐事故UO2基复合燃料芯块的研发进展

对先进耐事故燃料（ATF）芯块的研发背景进行了概述,重点讨论了耐事故UO₂基复合燃料芯块的国内外研究现状,认为UN、U₃Si₂和ThO₂等燃料相是耐事故UO₂基复合燃料芯块中最具发展潜力的掺杂相,然而其最佳添加量及分布状态尚需结合多尺度数值模拟和实验研究的方法开展深入探索。      

高酸度水果果酒酿造产酯酵母的鉴定及发酵特性研究

采用脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）鉴定比对、生长特性和耐受性实验对从蓝莓果皮及特香型白酒酒醅中筛选得到的6株产酯酵母进行菌种亲缘性鉴定和发酵特性比较。结果表明,6株产酯酵母（E1～E6）分别被鉴定为异常毕赤酵母（Pichia anomala）、库德里阿兹威毕赤酵母（Pichia kudriavzevii）、异常威克汉姆酵母（Wickerhamomyces anomalus）、光滑假丝酵母（Candida glabrata）、戴尔凯氏有孢圆酵母（Torulaspora.delbrueckii）和德巴利汉逊酵母（Debaryomyces hanseni）。通过发酵特性和耐受性实验分析发现,菌株E1（P. anomala）生长速度最快,发酵性能俱佳,总酯产量为3.71 g/L,且在酒精度9%vol、SO2质量浓度200 mg/L、pH 3.0及蔗糖含量＜70%的发酵液中都能有良好的生长状态,是一株蓝莓等高酸度水果果酒酿造的优良产酯酵母菌株。     

基于复合主拱圈加固拱桥技术中锚固系统最佳参数组合探讨

利用复合主拱圈加固技术加固拱桥成败的关键是新增混凝土结构层和原主拱圈结构层能否共同作用,作为新老结构层共同作用的保障机制—锚杆锚固系统,其最大锚固力则是研究重点。选取影响锚杆锚固力的5个主要因素(钢筋直径、锚固长度、钻孔孔径、钢筋强度等级及锚固剂)进行锚杆的拉拔试验,提出了适合该加固技术的锚固系统最佳参数组合。对桥梁加固及其他类似工程具有一定的借鉴意义。     

GYP-1200惯性圆锥破碎机在金属矿山的应用研究

分析了破磨成本与入磨粒度的关系,介绍了惯性圆锥破碎机的结构、特点及主要技术参数,通过总结近年来GYP-1200惯性圆锥破碎机在金属矿山行业中的实际应用情况,表明该机能有效降低矿石入磨粒度,很好地满足"多碎少磨"新工艺的要求,大大降低破磨生产的电耗、钢耗,节约选矿成本,有助于金属矿山选矿厂实现节能减排、资源的综合利用。     

Consumer‐diet discrimination of δ13C and δ15N: Source‐ and feeding‐oriented patterns based on gut content analysis in a large subtropical river of China

Understanding the trophic discrimination (?¹³C and ?¹⁵N) between consumers and diets in fluvial systems remains difficult because of the variable food sources and complex predator–prey interactions from headwaters to the estuaries. Here, stable carbon (δ¹³C) and nitrogen (δ¹⁵N) isotopes in fish and invertebrates from a large subtropical river in southern China were determined to explore trophic discrimination in conjunction with a gut content analysis. The ?¹³C values showed significant differences (p < .05) among functional feeding groups, with fish, shrimp, and insect scrapers presenting higher ?¹³C values (1.20 ± 0.23‰ to 1.51 ± 0.31‰) than other groups. The ?¹⁵N values varied significantly between invertebrates (0.64 ± 0.17‰ of insect collector‐gatherers to 1.63 ± 0.36‰ of shrimp predators) and fish (1.98 ± 0.19‰ of detritivores to 2.71 ± 0.43‰ of crustaceavores) and exhibited an increasing tendency from primary to secondary consumers. A linear regression analysis revealed that the longitudinal changes in ?¹³C and ?¹⁵N were closely associated with the δ¹³C of periphyton, the δ¹⁵N of particulate organic matter (POM) in water, and the relative contribution (%) of periphyton and organic detritus to the diet composition of consumers. These results indicated that discrimination factors might not only be influenced by the isotope signatures of basal food sources but also downstream shifts in dominant food items utilized by consumers. In particular, trophic discrimination between periphyton– and detritus–based food chains, such as “epilithic diatoms–shrimp scrapers–crustaceavorous fish” and “POM–bivalves–molluscivorous fish,” displayed regionally specific patterns. When back‐calculating to the diet assimilation and trophic position in subtropical streams and rivers, we suggest using the basin‐scale ?¹³C value of 0.96 ± 0.26‰ for all consumers and ?¹⁵N values of 1.07 ± 0.32‰ for invertebrates and 2.38 ± 0.37‰ for fish.     

基于窄谱带模型的尾焰红外辐射计算

尾焰红外辐射的计算是飞行器红外辐射计算的重要环节.在尾焰流场工程计算模型的基础上,从燃烧的化学反应出发,解决了尾喷口处气体组分参数的计算问题,利用基于Malkmus窄谱带模型的C-G近似法得到了尾焰红外辐射的快速计算方法.仿真结果表明,该方法能够快速准确地计算出尾焰的辐射,能为红外制导导弹仿真中飞机目标红外辐射的计算提供有效途径.     

我国钢渣细碎设备及钢渣加工技术现状

我国钢渣加工和有效综合利用水平较低,主要原因是钢渣细碎困难。本文阐述了钢渣细碎的必要性,多种钢渣细碎的设备结构及工作原理,分析它们在钢渣细碎中的适用性,研究表明,颚式破碎机、锤式破碎机等不适用于钢渣细碎,液压圆锥破碎机、棒磨机等亦存在较多问题。同时,就我国一些钢厂的钢渣加工技术现状进行了比较和分析。介绍近两年取得值得推广和应用的钢渣高效渣铁解离细碎工艺及设备先进技术。它能够高效加工钢渣,开路方式工作,回收绝大部分金属铁,将尾渣中金属铁含量降低到1%以下,并得到粒度很细的、便于深加工和综合利用的尾渣。     

极低品位泥质难选氧化锌矿浮选试验研究

新疆某铅锌选矿厂尾矿主要为氧化锌矿,该氧化锌矿中Zn品位为1.26%、氧化率为76.38%;-15μm微细粒级含量为17.70%,矿石的含泥量较大;锌主要分布在+0.074 mm和-0.038 mm两个粒级;该氧化锌矿主要的可利用矿物为菱锌矿,脉石矿物主要为石英,属极低品位泥质难选氧化锌矿。该选矿厂现行的选矿工艺仅能有效回收矿石中的闪锌矿和方铅矿,而矿石中大量的氧化锌矿未能得到有效回收,造成资源浪费。为了有效回收矿石中的氧化锌矿,采用硫化-胺法浮选工艺和浮选柱设备开展了系统的半工业试验研究,试验内容包括脱泥与不脱泥对比试验、脱泥量试验、捕收剂选择试验、捕收剂用量试验、硫化钠用量试验、碳酸钠用量试验、水玻璃用量试验。结果表明:最佳试验条件为脱泥量10%、粗选药剂用量碳酸钠1000 g/t、水玻璃500 g/t、硫化钠6000 g/t、新型胺类捕收剂F210 30 g/t,采用两粗两精闭路浮选流程,得到的锌精矿中锌品位为28.64%、回收率为52.24%,实现了对该铅锌矿选矿厂尾矿中极低品位氧化锌矿的有效回收。     

Effect of high‐pressure processing on immunoreactivity,microbial and physicochemical properties of hazelnut milk

This study investigated the effects of high‐pressure processing (HPP) and thermal processing (TP) on the overall quality attributes of hazelnut milk. HPP achieved the same microbial safety as TP, and the pH, °Brix and sugar contents were maintained at the levels of fresh hazelnut milk. Although HPP caused colour changes, the ?E was smaller than that of the TP sample. Increasing pressure significantly decreased the immunoreactivity of the hazelnut milk by 70%, while simultaneously reducing the levels of essential and non‐essential amino acids and chemical score (CS) and the essential amino acid index (EAAI) values. However, neither HPP nor TP significantly affected the fatty acid composition of hazelnut milk. HPP retained higher total phenolic and flavonoid levels of the hazelnut milk, with a better antioxidant capacity than TP samples. Thus, the HPP maintained microbial safety during cold storage, and physicochemical properties of the treated hazelnut milk were not significantly different from those of the fresh hazelnut milk.