Intervention Technologies for Ensuring Microbiological Safety of Meat: Current and Future Trends

Abstract: This article reviews current and future techniques that are applied in the meat industry to ensure product safety. Consumer demand for high‐quality food and raised economic standards have triggered the development of emergent technologies to replace traditional well‐established preservation processes. Some promising nonthermal and thermal technologies, such as chemical and biological interventions, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), irradiation, active packaging, natural antimicrobials and microwave, radiofrequency, and steam pasteurization, are under consideration for the preservation of meat products. All these alternative technologies are designed to be mild, energy‐conserving, environmentally friendly, and maintaining natural appearance and flavor, while eliminating pathogens and spoilage microorganisms. Their combination, as in the hurdle theory, may improve their effectiveness for decontamination. The objective of this article is to reflect on the possibilities and especially the limitations of the previously mentioned technologies.     

扩招后图书馆存在的问题及对策

探讨了扩招后给图书馆带来人员缺乏、财力不足、物力短缺等.作者针对存在的问题,提出了相应的对策,即充分利用空间,优化布局;实现信息资源数字化,向现代化图书馆迈进;加大投入;重视员工素质教育,并对此做了具体的阐述.     

WC-Co硬质合金的相组成及其相变

碳化钨（WC）是一种硬度高、热稳定性和耐磨性好的硬质合金材料，WC－Co硬质合金的性能除与WC晶粒的大小有关外，在很大程度上还取决于合金中的相组成及相转变，本文主要依据WC－Co系相图，采用热力学方法对烧结过程中合金的γ,η相的生长条件、成分结构以及相变过程进行了讨论，从本质上阐明WC－Co硬质合金的成相规律和影响因素。     

基于矢量拟合法的永磁同步电机EMI模型

电动汽车中永磁同步电机常采用星型联结,因此建立星型联结的永磁同步电机高频阻抗模型是有必要的.首先,采用常见的电机EMI模型(π型)作为星型联结的永磁同步电机EMI模型,使用矢量拟合法推导电机EMI模型等效电路的阶数.在20 Hz～30 MHz范围内,永磁同步电机π型EMI模型的等效电路需要225个储能元件,为了降低电机...     

Effects of additive gases and plasma post-treatment on electrical properties and optical transmittance of ZnO thin films

A zinc oxide (ZnO) thin film as a channel layer in an oxide thin film transistor (TFT) has been characterized by investigating the effects of additive gases (such as hydrogen and oxygen) during growth and plasma treatment (using argon or hydrogen) after growth on its electrical, optical, and structural properties. By decreasing the additive gas ratio of O₂/H₂ or by increasing the treatment time of hydrogen plasma, the electrical resistivities of ZnO films were significantly reduced, and their transmittances and optical bandgap energies were blue-shifted in wavelength. These results were considered to be closely related to the passivation of oxygen vacancies as well as the formation of shallow donors that were induced by the injection of hydrogen in ZnO via gas addition and plasma treatment. In addition, the injection of hydrogen-including additive gas resulted in a decrease in grain size and crystallinity of ZnO films, whereas the plasma treatment hardly affected their crystalline structures.     

Effects of Ti/Ir top electrodes of PZT capacitors on the hydrogen related degradation

Abstract

Hydrogen annealing damages on properties of PZT capacitors and a role of Ti/Ir hybrid structure top electrodes on capacitors are investigated in this study. It is demonstrated that the capacitors with Ti/Ir structure top electrodes improve a resistance against hydrogen related degradation. As the thickness ratio of Ti/Ir increases, the capacitors show enhanced endurance against hydrogen damages. Especially, PZT (350nm) capacitors with Ti(80nm)/Ir(20nm) hybrid top electrodes show only 26% decrease in nonvolatile polarizations (P?_r) under ± 7V, while 67% of P?_r of ferroelectric capacitors with Ir top electrodes is reduced after forming gas annealing at 250°C for 10min. Based on the XPS analysis, ferroelectric characteristics of PZT thin film capacitors are degraded by destruction of Pb-O bond into metallic Pb due to hydrogen anneal on the catalytic top electrodes (Ir, Pt).     

基于多层次参数扫描优化算法的PHEV控制策略

为了减少汽车尾气排放,提出了利用多层次参数扫描优化算法对并联式混合动力汽车的控制参数进行优化。优化后的参数在ADVISOR仿真软件上进行仿真实现,将其仿真结果和参数优化前的试验结果进行比较。在美国循环工况CYC_UDDS条件下,仿真分析结果表明：汽车尾气排放中,HC为0.520 g/mile,CO为2.361 g/mile,NOx为0.407 g/mile,和优化前相比,有明显降低,这说明多层次参数扫描优化算法的优越性。     

斜拉桥鞍座锚固区模型试验及受力特点

以实际工程为背景，设计了斜拉桥鞍座锚固区模型试验方案，由空间应力分析的成果及其与试验实验值的比较，探讨了锚固区的受力特点，得到一些有益的结论。     

Dietary fibre components,antioxidant activities and hydration properties of ripe persimmon (Diospyros kaki L. cv. Daebong) peel powders as affected by different washing treatments

Dietary fibre components, hydration properties and antioxidant activities such as 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, reducing power, metal chelating and 2,2′‐azino‐bis,3‐ethyl‐benzo‐thiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activities of persimmon peel powders using different washing treatments (tap water at 20 °C and hot water) were investigated. Peel powder obtained from hot water‐washed peels (74.95 g per 100 g) had higher dietary fibre content than tap water‐washed (65.50 g per 100 g) and unwashed (60.99 g per 100 g) peels. The higher content of total phenolic and ascorbic acid were found in peel powder obtained from unwashed peels, whereas washed peels had more β‐carotene content. The EC₅₀ values of scavenging DPPH and ABTS radical for peel powders obtained from unwashed, tap water‐washed and hot water‐washed peels were 75.44, 142.18 and 110.17 μg mL^?1 respectively and 5.31, 5.34 and 5.39 μg mL^?1 respectively. Therefore, hot water washing is recommended to obtain better quality products from persimmon peel for use as a fibre supplement.     

建筑用聚氯乙烯绝缘尼龙护套电线的制造

介绍了建筑用聚氯乙烯绝缘尼龙护套电线的特点、尼龙材料成型特性 ,并结合实际生产 ,提出了聚氯乙烯绝缘尼龙护套电线的结构、工装模具及制造工艺 ,也介绍了部分试验内容。