凝固过程中电流作用机制评述

综述了当前国内外有关电流在金属凝固过程中作用的研究状况,从理论上归纳和分析了电流对凝固过程产生作用的主要机制,对现有理论及计算公式进行推导,对相应公式进行进一步补充,对电流在凝固过程中的应用和进一步研究进行了展望.     

模拟污染潮湿大气环境下LY12CZ、LC4CS铝合金腐蚀行为研究

建立了基于电化学噪声测试技术(EN)的铝合金大气腐蚀实时监检测方法.设计并制作了配套的电解池.运用所建立方法测试并计算得到了LY12CZ、LC4CS铝合金在pH值为中性恒温恒湿的模拟近海、海洋大气以及工业污染大气环境中的噪声电阻Rn和电位噪声功率密度谱高频线性部分斜率K,从腐蚀速度和腐蚀类型两方面研究了两种铝合金在模拟污染潮湿大气环境下的腐蚀行为,以及Cl-、NO3-和SO42-对铝合金大气腐蚀行为的影响和协同作用.     

Mg-Cu-(Al-Si)-Y大块非晶合金的制备及晶化研究

采用Al-Si合金部分替代Mg65Cu25Y10大块非晶合金中的Cu元素,形成Mg-Cu-(Al-Si)-Y非晶合金。通过铜模浇注法制备Mg-Cu-(Al-Si)-Y大块非晶合金,发现Al-Si合金的添加对非晶合金的玻璃形成能力没有明显改善,但改善了非晶合金的室温塑性。在晶化温度附近低于晶化温度的条件下对铜辊旋淬法制备的Mg-Cu-(Al-Si)-Y非晶条带进行了处理。结果表明,Mg-Cu-(Al-Si)-Y非晶合金随加热温度的提高和处理的时间的延长晶化程度也随之提高,同时加热晶化增大了合金的室温脆性。     

Direct laser fabrication of thin-walled metal parts under open-loop control

Direct laser fabrication (DLF) is an advanced manufacturing technology, which can build full density metal parts directly from CAD files without using any modules or tools. The investigation on the fabrication of thin-walled parts of nickel alloy using open-loop DLF process is introduced in this paper. The experimental setup consisted of a CO₂ laser, a 3-axis CNC table, a coaxial powder nozzle and a powder recycler. The 3D-CAD file of a thin-walled metal part was converted into the STL file format and imported into software HUST-RP to generate ‘pseudo-random’ scanning paths of laser beam. The influence of process parameters on the build height of thin-walled metal parts was studied by 1–10 layered single-bead stacks of nickel alloy. The result shows that the interference factors which affect the build height of thin-walled metal parts occur randomly during the process. For open-loop DLF process, thin-walled metal parts can achieve much better shape quality if the process parameters are suitable. Multilayer single-bead walls were built up with different scanning velocity to obtain the optimal process parameters of thin-walled parts of nickel alloy. It shows that thin walls of nickel alloy with uniform height can be built up layer by layer in a certain range of specific energy. However, it is difficult to control the build height of complex thin-walled metal parts in an accurate manner just using optimal parameters. A special coaxial powder nozzle was designed in this paper. In a certain range, the deposition thickness of the nozzle is nearly linearly increased with increase in the standoff distance between the powder focusing point of the nozzle and the deposition substrate. By means of the nozzle, a novel method to control the build height of thin-walled metal parts using open-loop DLF process was introduced. The difference in build height of a thin-walled part can be compensated automatically in one or several layers during the process. It is proved that the build height of a thin-walled metal part can be accurately controlled in theory using the nozzle. A complex single-bead part of nickel alloy whose geometry was designed to be the well-known Chinese ‘FU’ was fabricated and explained in this paper. The result shows that the shape quality of the sample is quite good, and actual build height of the sample is 53.54 mm while the designed value is 54 mm.     

冷硬呋喃树脂砂防粘模技术的研究

就冷硬呋喃树脂砂使用过程中常见的粘模问题进行了较系统的研究，通过对木质芯盒和铝芯盒采用不同的脱模剂进行的一系列试验表明，自制的Ｊ－Ｂ溶液是较理想的一种脱模剂。     

Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructures and Properties of Near-Isothermally Forged TiAl Alloy Containing Minor Ni

The heat treatment, including two steps, was proposed to obtain Fine Fully Lamellar (FFL) microstructure on TiAl containing minor Ni. The first step was in t (α γ) phn~se region to get Duplex (DP) microstructure, and the second step was in α phase region transforming DP microstructure into FFL microstructure. The effect of heat treatment on microstructures and properties was sludied. The results showed that the static recrystallization kinetics in i (α γ) phase region took the form of Avrami equitation, and the remnant lamellae in DP microstructure were detrimental to room temperature tensile properties. The FL microstructures were obtained after heat treatment in α phase region using DP microstructure, the uniform FFL microstructure wns beneficial to comprehensive properties.     

Mechanically activated disproportionation of NdFeB alloy by ball milling in hydrogen

1　INTRODUCTIONSincethediscoveryoftheuniaxialNd2 Fe14 Bcompoundin 1983[1,2 ] ,theNdFeBalloyshavebeenwidelyusedforpermanentmagnetapplicationsowingtotheirexcellentmagneticproperties ,suchashighcoercivity ,high energy products[3,4 ] .Intheserareearthpermanentmagnets ,afurtherexcitingrecentdevelopmentisthesuggestionofnano compositeex changemagnetscombiningthelargecoercivitiesinhardmagnetswithlargeinductionsfoundinsoftertransitionmetalmagnets[5,6 ] .Indeed ,thenano com positemagnetshavebeent…     

电磁场作用下(Al2O3+Al3Zr)p/Al复合材料的梯度效应

以原位合成的Al2O3、Al3Zr颗粒增强铝基复合材料作为预熔料,颗粒体积分数为15%,颗粒粒度为2～3μm。在恒温870℃时施加30s频率为20kHz的高频交变电磁场,集肤深度为5.314mm,线圈内输入电流80A,刚玉坩埚置于线圈边缘部位,对应位置处的磁感应强度为0.1T。扫描电镜分析复合材料水淬试样,结果表明,试样中心部位颗粒体积分数基本不变,靠近线圈5mm处颗粒体积分数减少至10%,靠近线圈边缘部分的颗粒体积分数增加至20%,呈现出一定梯度效应,这是电磁挤压力作用的结果。颗粒迁移效率的影响因素有：颗粒体积分数、粒径、熔体温度、磁感应强度、分布及其磁场作用时间。     

NH4F对Li3N-hBN体系中合成CBN晶体的影响

本文研究了在Li3N—hBN体系中加入不同量的NH4F后，对CBN晶体的合成的影响。结果表明，加入NH4F后，合成压力降低了约20％。分析以NH4F和Li3N混合粉末为原料的实验结果后推测：在高温高压条件下NH4F首先会分解为NH3和HF,HF进一步和Li3N反应生成更加稳定的LiF和NH3，其化学反应式可以写成：3NH4F＋Li3N=3LiF＋4NH3，这一过程通过X光衍射分析实验产物得到证实。为了考察LiF在合成立方氮化硼过程中的作用，我们用Li3N和NH4F反应所制得的LiF单独作触媒，在LiF—hBN体系中进行了CBN晶体的合成实验，结果表明在上述压力温度条件下，没有CBN晶体生成，即LiF不宜单独做触媒。尽管在NH4F与Li3N反应消中耗了Li3N—hBN体系中的作为触媒的Li3N，但是，合成压力仍有较大幅度的降低，表明少量氨的存在，使CBN晶体的形成更加容易。     

7090/SiC_p复合材料的固溶工艺制度研究

研究了移动坩埚式喷射沉积制备的7090/SiCp复合材料的两种固溶热处理工艺对其组织和性能的影响。观察了材料挤压态、固溶态及时效后样品的微观组织及X射线衍射图谱。通过两种固溶制度的比较,表明经过挤压变形处理的移动坩埚式喷射沉积制备的7090/SiCp复合材料,经475℃×1h+120℃×24h处理后材料的最高抗拉强度仅有715MPa,而经450℃×3h+500℃×3h+120℃×18h热处理后复合材料达到峰时效,材料的最高抗拉强度可以达765MPa。