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991.
Long Fan Yi Tian Liping Peng Yingjuan Zhang Xueming Wang Jia Li Hong Wang Zhiqiang Zhan Guangai Sun Yuechuan Luo Tao Jiang Zhenhua Liu Weidong Wu 《Ceramics International》2021,47(8):11080-11088
Internal stress and stress-related defects are considered as the major obstacles that significantly hinder the growth of high-quality ZnO-based crystals. In this work, high-crystalline-quality ZnO:Zn bulk crystals were successfully grown by carbon-assisted chemical vapor transport (CVT). Internal stress in the crystal was directly measured by a neutron beam from a reactor, and stress distributions along the radial direction at different depths were obtained. The stress, temperature, and flow fields in the growth system were simulated by the finite element (FE) method, and the results agreed with the neutron stress analysis. The etch pit density (EPD), Hall properties, and optical transmittances of different crystal regions were studied in detail, and the distribution trend of the crystal properties was consistent with that of internal stress and stress-related defects in the crystal. It is found that the unique temperature filed in the growth system causes the crystal to bend to a slightly convex toward the growth direction and gives rise to a driving force for structural defect formation. The + c and –c faces of the crystal are subjected to tensile and compressive stress, respectively. The maximum stress values are about 280 MPa and -291 MPa near the central regions of ±c faces, while the crystal periphery is basically free of internal stress. The region near the center of +c face has an EPD of 7.5 × 103 cm-2 and a transmittance of 79.2% at 800 nm wavelength, while the corresponding carrier concentration and mobility are 2.27 × 1017 cm?3 and 159 cm2/V·s, respectively. By comparison, the crystal periphery has an EPD of 102 cm-2 with an 80.5% transmittance at 800 nm, while the carrier concentration and mobility are 1.85 × 1017 cm?3 and 184 cm2/V·s, respectively. 相似文献
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Wireless Networks - This paper studied the issue of communication transmission power cost optimization for the personal body base station in wireless body area network (WBAN). With the limited... 相似文献
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Hierarchical architecture of anatase/rutile-mixed phases TiO2 with hollow interior was successfully fabricated via a Topotactic synthetic method, including the synthesis of CaTiO3 precursors and transforming them into TiO2 through ion-exchange process. The as-synthesized TiO2 hierarchical architectures as the anode materials were used as lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Compared with TiO2 samples, the TiO2@SnO2-5% shows the improved lithium storage capacity, cycling performance and rate properties. The impedance of the TiO2 electrode decreases evidently after adding few amount of SnO2. The hollow hierarchical structure with different compositions provide much more active sites, and well connect interface among anatase, rutile, and SnO2, facilitating the electron and ion transport quickly and efficiently. Addition appropriate number of SnO2 not only well kept the hierarchical architecture but also enhanced the capacity and conductivity of the TiO2 sample. As a result, TiO2@SnO2-5% exhibited excellent lithium storage performance. 相似文献
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目的 研究内隐测量用于交互流程评估的普遍方法,选取适合的参考指标建立评估标准,旨在提出一套完整且通用的评估策略。方法 以带有拍摄功能的宠物社交类APP为载体,提出两种不同的交互流程,建立交互原型,并提取两套原型中差异较大的流程进行对比实验,采用眼动仪收集被测的无意识行为,依据首次注视时间、兴趣区域注视率,注视点图等指标分析实验数据,并与外显测量结果相结合,衡量用户操作情况以及APP的交互性能。结果 根据实验和数据分析,得出以拍摄界面为主页是更适合宠物社交APP的交互方式。结论 内隐测量评估作为一种新兴的产品可用性评估方式,不仅在交互界面设计评估上得到了广泛的应用,还可作为产品交互流程的评估方法,并具有深度挖掘的意义。 相似文献
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针对耐高温动态热密封组件中的常用元件弹性支架编织弹簧,研究了其压缩率、装配方式、热暴露温度等参数对其弹性性能的影响,并讨论了编织弹簧高温弹性失效的原因。研究结果表明,合金的氧化是编织弹簧高温回弹率降低的主要原因,在温度低于800℃、压缩率小于50%的服役条件下,编织弹簧的回弹率不小于95%,在航天热密封领域有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献