Synergy of Pickering Emulsion and Sol‐Gel Process for the Construction of an Efficient,Recyclable Enzyme Cascade System

An efficient, easily recyclable enzyme cascade system based on nanoparticle‐stabilized capsules (NPSCs) is constructed through a synergy of a Pickering emulsion and sol‐gel process. Specifically, oligodopa‐coated titania nanoparticles (biomimetic titania) containing the first enzyme (FateDH) are synthesized through a bioadhesion‐assisted biomimetic mineralization approach. The biomimetic titania is then spontaneously assembled at the interface between the oil phase (hexadecane/butyl titanate (BuTi) mixture) and water phase during the formation of Pickering emulsions. The sol‐gel process of BuTi can produce not only butanol for assisting the formation of Pickering emulsions but also titania gel particles (sol‐gel titania) for cross‐linking the biomimetic titania through catechol‐titanium chelating. The NPSCs obtained, which contain the first enzyme, conjugate the second enzyme (FaldDH) onto the surface for constructing the enzyme cascade system. The system exhibits high activity and stability, particularly, superior recyclability for conversion of CO₂ into formaldehyde. In detail, the system shows a formaldehyde yield of 50.0%, and can quickly float onto the air/water interface soon after stopping the agitation of reaction mixtures, which ensures that the formaldehyde yield keeps almost unaltered after 10 times recycling. This study will be useful for facile construction of a wealth of catalytic systems with efficient, recyclable attributes.     

百皮秒激光脉冲的全光纤放大及应用

为了得到高单脉冲能量的百皮秒激光脉冲,采用自制的被动锁模掺镱光纤激光器获得了100ps的激光脉冲输出,在此基础上采用两级全光纤结构主振荡功率放大器进行功率放大,其中预放大级采用7m纤芯的双包层掺镱光纤做增益介质,得到平均功率160mW的稳定脉冲输出;主放大级采用20m纤芯的双包层掺镱光纤做增益介质,在抽运功率逐步增加到35.37W时,输出功率达到了16.60W,相应的单脉冲能量为1.63J,峰值功率为16.61kW。此外,主放大级输出的激光通过自制的模场转换器与光子晶体光纤(纤芯4.6m)成功熔接,得到了2.85W的白光超连续光谱,光谱波长覆盖了600nm~1700nm的检测范围。结果表明,此激光可用于超连续谱光源的产生。     

基于VIS打标系统的二维码标刻工艺研究

激光系统的打标速度、频率、填充间隔、功率等工艺参数直接影响二维码标刻效果。实验基于VIS打标系统,针对汽车行业铸铁材质发动机的二维码激光直接标刻,利用二维码读码器对激光标记进行读码率的测量,通过改变激光加工参数,研究激光工艺参数对二维码标刻效果的影响。实验表明,通过对频率、填充间隔和速度三个激光参数进行相互协调,得出10%左右的光斑重叠率和较小的线间距,能够得到对比度高的标记,从而获得高的读码率。     

A low power high gain gain-controlled LNAC＋mixer for GNSS receivers

A low power high gain gain-controlled LNAC+mixer for GNSS receivers is reported. The high gain LNA is realized with a current source load.Its gain-controlled ability is achieved using a programmable bias circuit. Taking advantage of the high gain LNA, a high noise figure passive mixer is adopted. With the passive mixer, low power consumption and high voltage gain of the LNACmixer are achieved. To fully investigate the performance of this circuit, comparisons between a conventional LNAC+mixer, a previous low power LNAC+mixer, and the proposed LNAC+mixer are presented. The circuit is implemented in 0.18 m mixed-signal CMOS technology. A 3.8 dB noise figure, an overall 45 dB converge gain and a 10 dB controlled gain range of the two stages are measured. The chip occupies 0.24 mm2and consumes 2 mA current under 1.8 V supply.     

Electrically Reconfigurable 3D Spin-Orbitronics

The explosive demands of storage capacity and the von Neumann bottleneck of modern computer architectures trigger many innovations in information technology. Amongst them, nonvolatile spintronics attract considerable attentions for which can embed the computation capability into memory, enable neuromorphic, and probabilistic computing. These exciting progresses typically rely on the manipulation of the relative magnetization orientations of two magnetic layers. By extending to 3D spintronic architectures made of multiple magnetic layers (n), the exponentially increased 2ⁿ magnetic states can provide ample opportunities for implementing novel spintronic functionalities. Here, through building perpendicularly magnetized 3D spin-orbitronic architectures – [Pt/Fe_1−xTb_x/Si₃N₄]_n multilayers, it is demonstrated the electrical programing of 2ⁿ memory states via current-induced spin–orbit torques (SOTs), and the accompanied reconfigurable multifunction in-memory logic features in a single four-terminal Hall device. Further, an electrical readout of these 2ⁿ states, together with the implementation of Boolean logic gates and digital circuitry such as 2–4 and 3–8 decoders, are successfully conducted. More complex logic circuits are also envisioned. The experiments thus substantiate 3D spin-orbitronic structures as a promising platform for exponentially boosting the storage capacity and accommodating in-memory computing that can be important for promoting the emerging 3D nanospintronics.     

Pd Ion-Exchange and Ammonia Etching of a Prussian Blue Analogue to Produce a High-Performance Water-Splitting Catalyst

The authors report an ammonia-assisted in situ cation-exchange method for the synthesis of dodecagon N-doped PdCoNi carbon-based nanosheets (Pd-e-NiCo-PBA-C) and explore the catalytic performance. Pd-e-NiCo-PBA-C exerts extremely low overpotential and Tafel slope for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) both in acidic and alkaline media, only 47 mV, 55 mV dec⁻¹ (pH = 0, HER) and 147 mV, 67 mV dec⁻¹ (pH = 14, HER), and 309 mV, 67 mV dec⁻¹ (pH = 14, OER), outperforming commercial IrO₂-based and Pt-based catalysts. In addition, after 5000 cycles, the linear sweep voltammetry curve shows a negligible shift, indicating excellent stability performance. To test its overall water-splitting performance, Pd-e-NiCo-PBA-C is applied as both cathode and anode materials. A high current density of 33 mA cm⁻² at a battery voltage of 1.6 V is obtained, with the catalytic activity maintained at 97.3% after over 50 h. To get a further insight into the superior OER and HER performance, theoretical calculations are carried out, the better performance originates from the affinity difference of Pd and Ni atoms for gas atoms, and the replacement of inert atoms can decrease the binding energy and enhance the electrocatalytic activity.     

Spontaneous Directional Self-Cleaning on the Feathers of the Aquatic Bird Anser cygnoides domesticus Induced by a Transient Superhydrophilicity

In nature, the feathers of the goose Anser cygnoides domesticus stay superhydrophobic over a long term, thought as the main reason for keeping the surface clean. However, contaminants, especially those that are oleophilic or trapped within textures, cannot be removed off the superhydrophobic feathers spontaneously. Here, a different self-cleaning strategy based on superhydrophilic feathers is revealed that is imparted by self-coating of the amphiphilic saliva, which enables removing away low-surface-tension and/or small-size contaminants by forming directional water sheeting depending on their unique anisotropic microstructures. Particularly, the surface superhydrophilicity is switchable to superhydrophobicity upon exposure to air for maintaining a clean surface for a long time, which is further enhanced by coating with self-secreted preening oil. By alternate switching between a transient superhydrophilicity and a long-term stable superhydrophobicity, the goose feathers exhibit an integrated smart self-cleaning strategy, which is also shared by other aquatic birds. An attractive point is the re-entrant structure of the feathers, which facilitates not only liquid spreading on superhydrophilic feathers, but also long-term stability of the cleaned surface by shedding water droplets off the superhydrophobicity feathers. Thus, artificial self-cleaning microtextures are developed. The result renews the common knowledge on the self-cleaning of aquatic bird feathers, offering inspiration for developing bioinspired self-cleaning microtextures and coatings.     

Engineering Bioactive M2 Macrophage-Polarized Anti-Inflammatory,Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Scaffolds for Rapid Angiogenesis and Diabetic Wound Repair

Diabetic wound healing still faces great challenges due to the excessive inflammation, easy infection, and impaired angiogenesis in wound beds. The immunoregulation of macrophages polarization toward M2 phenotype that facilitates the transition from inflammation to proliferation phase has been proved to be an effective way to improve diabetic wound healing. Herein, an M2 phenotype-enabled anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial conductive hydrogel scaffolds (GDFE) for producing rapid angiogenesis and diabetic wound repair are reported. The GDFE scaffolds are fabricated facilely through the dynamic crosslinking between polypeptide and polydopamine and graphene oxide. The GDFE scaffolds possess thermosensitivity, self-healing behavior, injectability, broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ability, and electronic conductivity. GDFE effectively activates the polarization of macrophages toward M2 phenotype and significantly promotes the proliferation of dermal fibroblasts, the migration, and in vitro angiogenesis of endothelial cells through paracrine mechanisms. The in vivo results from a full-thickness diabetic wound model demonstrate that GDFE can rapidly promote the diabetic wound repair and skin regeneration, through fast anti-inflammation and angiogenesis and M2 macrophage polarization. This study provides highly efficient strategy for treating diabetic wound repair through designing the M2 polarization-enabled anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial bioactive materials.     

软件定义无线接入网络的组件化研究

针对5G通信技术高传输速率、多业务场景的挑战,该文提出一种组件化的软件定义无线接入网络新架构。该架构在5G接入网集中单元(CU),分布单元(DU),有源天线单元(AAU)架构的基础上,进一步朝组件化方向演进,形成一种由集中控制单元(CCU), CU, DU,射频单元(RU),AAU等组件化通信单元组成的新架构。这种新架...     

主题特征格分析:一种用户生成文本质量评估方法

本文设计了一种用户生成文本的质量分析框架.首先,基于主题分析构建商品类别主题特征集合.其次,利用主题特征与商品分类的强关联关系,构建形式化概念分析的形式背景,将分类-主题概念格化简并生成主题特征格,以此构建五个质量特征并生成质量评估模型.最后,在真实评论数据上的实验结果表明新方法具有更高预测精度.