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991.
Joongwon Lee Sunhwan Hwang Jeong Gil Seo Sang-Bong Lee Ji Chul Jung In Kyu Song 《Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry》2010,16(5):790-794
Pd/SiO2–Al2O3 catalysts (Pd/SA-X) with different SiO2 contents (X, wt%) were prepared for use in the production of middle distillate (C10–C20) through hydrocracking of paraffin wax. The effect of SiO2 content of Pd/SA-X catalysts on their physicochemical properties and catalytic performance in the hydrocracking of paraffin wax was investigated. High surface area and well-developed mesopores of Pd/SA-X catalysts improved the dispersion of Pd species on the SiO2–Al2O3 support. Acidity of Pd/SA-X catalysts determined by NH3-TPD experiments showed a volcano-shaped trend with respect to SiO2 content. Conversion of paraffin wax increased with increasing acidity of the catalyst, while selectivity for middle distillate decreased with increasing acidity of the catalyst. Yield for middle distillate showed a volcano-shaped curve with respect to acidity of the catalyst. This indicates that acidity of Pd/SA-X catalysts played an important role in determining the catalytic performance in the hydrocraking of paraffin wax. Among the catalyst tested, Pd/SA-69 with moderate acidity showed the highest yield for middle distillate. 相似文献
992.
Joeng-Geun Kim Sang-Ho Lee Sang-Il Choi Chang-Soo Jin Jae-Chul Kim Cheol-Hwi Ryu Gab-Jin Hwang 《Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry》2010,16(5):756-762
The Psf–PPSS–TPA composite cation exchange membrane consist of Psf(polysulfone)–PPSS (polyphenylenesulfidesulfone) block copolymer with TPA (tungstophosphoric acid) is prepared to apply for a separator in the all-vanadium redox flow battery. The membrane properties such as membrane resistance and ion exchange capacity, and thermal stability are investigated. The prepared Psf–PPSS–TPA composite cation exchange membrane showed higher thermal stability than Nafion117. The lowest membrane resistance of the prepared Psf–PPSS–TPA composite cation exchange membrane measured in 1 M (mol/dm3) H2SO4 aqueous solution was 0.94 Ω cm2 at 0.5 g of TPA solution. The performance properties of the all-vanadium redox flow battery (V-RFB) using the prepared cation exchange membrane are measured. The electromotive force, open circuit voltage at state of charge (SOC) of 100%, was 1.4 V. This value meets a theoretical electromotive force value of the V-RFB. The measuring cell resistance in charge and discharge at SOC 100% were 0.26 Ω and 0.31 Ω, respectively. The results of the present study suggest that the prepared Psf–PPSS–TPA composite cation exchange membrane is well suited for use in V-RFB as a separator. 相似文献
993.
Jae Hong Park Ki Young Yoon Kwang Chul Noh Jeong Hoon Byeon Jungho Hwang 《Journal of aerosol science》2010,41(10):935-943
This study evaluated the charging characteristics of a carbon fiber ionizer for PM2.5 and carried out particle capture laboratory tests after an ionizer was installed upstream of the media of an electret cabin air filter. When the ion concentration per particle (Ni) of the carbon fiber charger was 106 ions/cm3, the average charge numbers for each particle were 1.54, 0.88, and 0.49 at 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8 m/s of face velocity, respectively (the particle charging times, τ, were 167, 83, and 56 ms, respectively). For these face velocities, the PM2.5 removal efficiencies of the filter media were 69.3%, 65.2% and 62.2%, respectively, but increased to 80.4%, 71.2% and 65.5%, respectively, when the ionizer was turned on. The carbon fiber ionizer was then installed in front of an electret cabin filter in the air conditioning system of an automobile, after which field tests were performed at a roadside area. For the same Niτ used in the lab-scale tests, the effects of the carbon fiber ionizer on increasing PM2.5 %Reduction were mild as 9.4%, 4.0%, and 2.8% when the flow rates were at the second, fourth, and sixth levels, respectively (the face velocities were 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8 m/s, respectively). The PM2.5 %Reduction can be substantially increased by 20–21%, for a higher value of Niτ (=1.0×108 ions s/cm3), which is realized by increasing the power consumption of the carbon fiber ionizer. 相似文献
994.
Tushar Borkar John Sosa Jun Yeon Hwang Thomas W. Scharf Jaimie Tiley Hamish Fraser Rajarshi Banerjee 《JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society》2014,66(6):935-942
A new class of Ni-Ti-C-based metal-matrix composites has been developed using the laser-engineered net shaping? process. These composites consist of an in situ formed and homogeneously distributed titanium carbide (TiC) phase reinforcing the nickel matrix. Additionally, by tailoring the Ti/C ratio in these composites, an additional graphitic phase can also be engineered into the microstructure. Serial-sectioning, followed by three-dimensional reconstruction of the microstructure in these composites, reveals homogeneously distributed primary and eutectic titanium carbide precipitates as well as a graphitic phase encompassing the primary carbides within the nickel matrix. The morphology and spatial distribution of these phases in three dimensions reveals that the eutectic carbides form a network linked by primary carbides or graphitic nodules at the nodes, which suggests interesting insights into the sequence of phase evolution. These three-phase Ni-TiC-C composites exhibit excellent tribological properties, in terms of an extremely low coefficient of friction while maintaining a relatively high hardness. 相似文献
995.
Young Kug Hwang Choon Man Lee 《International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture》2010,50(3):253-259
For high speed and high efficiency machining, the spindle of modern machine tools simultaneously requires high speed and high stiffness characteristics, and its range of use rotation is becoming wider. Both heavy cutting at low speed and light cutting at high speed must be carried out successively in series with a single machine tool spindle. As such, many studies are being carried out on variable preload control methods that apply a preload to a spindle rolling bearing, as an alternative to the existing fixed position preload and constant pressure preload methods. This paper introduces a newly structured variable preload control device that can arbitrarily adjust the preload applied to spindles employing a rolling bearing. The device controls the coil current on an electromagnet and thereby uses the magnetic force between the electromagnet and a magnetic substance to arbitrarily control the preload applied to the rolling bearing during operation. A prototype for the variable preload control device of the proposed structure was created and a functionality test was then carried out with a test bench prepared using a load cell. The operating principle of the proposed device was verified and the interrelationships between the coil current on the electromagnet and the preload applied to rolling bearing were analyzed through the functionality test. Lastly, the fabricated variable preload control device was applied to a prototype of a spindle system, and a rigidity test was carried out. The test results confirmed that the variable preload control device operates properly and smoothly. 相似文献
996.
Sang-Nyung Kim Seon-Hong Hwang Ki-Hoon Yoon 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》2005,19(5):1206-1215
The thermal stratification phenomena, frequently occurring in the component of nuclear power plant system such as pressurizer
surge line, steam generator inlet nozzle, safety injection system (SIS), and chemical and volume control system (CVCS), can
cause through-wall cracks, thermal fatigue, unexpected piping displacement and dislocation, and pipe support damage. The phenomenon
is one of the unaccounted load in the design stage. However, the load have been found to be serious as nuclear power plant
operation experience accumulates. In particular, the thermal stratification by the turbulent penetration or valve leak in
the SIS and SCS pipe line can lead these safety systems to failure by the thermal fatigue. Therefore in this study an l/lO
scaledowned experimental rig had been designed and installed. And a series of experimental works had been executed to measure
the temperature distribution (thermal stratification) in these systems by the turbulent penetration, valve leak, and heat
transfer through valve. The results provide very valuable informations such as turbulent penetration depth, the possibility
of thermal stratification by the heat transfer through valve, etc. Also the results are expected to be useful to understand
the thermal stratification in these systems, establish the thermal stratification criteria and validate the calculation results
by CFD Codes such as Fluent, Phenix, CFX. 相似文献
997.
Dongbo Mi Ji-Hoon Kim Sung Cheol Yoon Changjin Lee Jin-Kyun Lee Do-Hoon Hwang 《Synthetic Metals》2011,161(13-14):1330-1335
A novel carbazole-group-containing fullerene derivative (CBZ-C60) with good solubility in common organic solvents was synthesized. This derivative was analyzed by using many techniques such as NMR, FAB-MS, FTIR and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy. Further, bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices were fabricated. Since the LUMO energy level of CBZ-C60 was higher than that of fullerene, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) of devices based on CBZ-C60 was higher than that of devices based on fullerene. The power-conversion efficiency was highest for devices with composite thin films that have P3HT/CBZ-C60 composition ratios of 1:1 and were annealed at 150 °C for 10 min. The maximum Voc, short-circuit current density, and PCE of the best device were 0.64 V, 2.32 mA/cm2, and 0.48%, respectively. 相似文献
998.
Byung‐Dae Park Adya P. Singh Arif Nuryawan Kiju Hwang 《Microscopy research and technique》2013,76(11):1108-1111
Nanoarchitecture of cured urea‐formaldehyde (UF) resins was examined with a field‐emission scanning electron microscope (FE‐SEM) after coating samples with osmium, which is considered to produce particles of considerably smaller size compared to other metal coatings used in SEM studies. This method enabled comparison of the nanoarchitecture of UF resins of low (1.0) and high (1.6) formaldehyde/urea (F/U) mole ratios to be made, based on imaging of extremely small size particles as part of UF resin architecture, not described before. Imaging revealed presence of relatively large globular particles (148.084–703.983 nm size range) as well as smaller substructures (28.004–39.604 nm size range) as part of the architecture of 1.0‐mole UF resin. Globular particles were also present in 1.6 mole UF resin, but of considerably smaller size (14.760–50.269 nm). The work presented demonstrates usefulness of osmium coating in unraveling the intricacies of the nanostructural organization of cured UF resins, prompting wider application of this immensely useful but grossly underutilized metal coating type in high resolution SEM examination of biological and materials samples. Microsc. Res. Tech. 76:1108–1111, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
999.
Hwang GT Leconte AM Romesberg FE 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2007,8(13):1606-1611
Recently much effort has been focused on designing unnatural base pairs that are stable and replicated by DNA polymerases with high efficiency and fidelity. This work has helped to identify a variety of nucleobase properties that are capable of mediating the required interbase interactions in the absence of Watson-Crick hydrogen-bonding complementarity. These properties include shape complementarity, the presence of a suitably positioned hydrogen-bond donor in the developing minor groove, and fluorine substitution. In order to help characterize how each factor contributes to base pairing stability and replication, we synthesized and characterized three fluoro-substituted pyridone nucleoside analogues, 3 FP, 4 FP, and 5 FP. Generally, we found that the specific fluorine substitution pattern of the analogues had little impact on unnatural pair or mispair stability, with the exception of mispairs with dG, which were also the most stable. The mispair between dG and 3 FP was less stable than that with 4 FP or 5 FP, which likely resulted from specific interbase interactions. While fluorine substitution had little impact on the synthesis of the unnatural base pairs, it significantly enhanced mispairing with dG. Remarkably, the mispair between dG and 3 FP was the most efficiently synthesized, due to a favorable entropy of activation, which possibly resulted from the displacement of water molecules from dG in the phosphoryl transfer transition state. The more efficient synthesis of the 3 FP-dG mispair, despite its being the least stable of the three, suggests that the determinants of synthesis and stability are distinct. Finally, we found that fluorine substitution significantly increased the rate at which the pyridone-based unnatural base pairs were extended; this suggests that both minor groove hydrogen-bond acceptors and fluorine substituents could be used to simultaneously optimize unnatural base pairs. 相似文献
1000.
Jong-Hyun Hwang Myoung-Seoup Han Dae-Young Kim Joong-Geun Youn 《Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance》2006,15(3):328-335
High-temperature wear characteristics between plasma spray coated piston rings and cylinder liners were investigated to find
the optimum combination of coating materials using the disc-on-plate reciprocating wear test in dry conditions. The disc and
plate represented the piston ring and the cylinder liner, respectively. Coating materials studied were Cr2O3-NiCr, Cr2O3-NiCr-Mo, and Cr3C2-NiCr-Mo. Plasma spray conditions for the coating materials were established adjusting stand-off distance to obtain a coating
with a porosity content of ∼5%. It was found that a dissimilar coating combination of Cr2O3-NiCr-Mo and Cr3C2-NiCr-Mo provided the best antiwear performance. The addition of molybdenum was found to be beneficial to improve the wear
resistance of the coating. Hardness differences between mating surfaces were also important factors in determining the wear
characteristics, so that it should be controlled below 300 in Vickers hardness under dry conditions. Adhesive wear accompanying
with metal transfer was a dominant wear mechanism for dry conditions. 相似文献