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81.
J. Zare 《Petroleum Science and Technology》2013,31(15):1833-1842
One of the advantages of managed pressure drilling (MPD) is an increase in drilling speed and a reduction of mud filtrate invasion as a result of decreasing pressure differential. Reduction of overbalanced pressure (OBP) leads to a decrease of confining pressure around the formation rock and consequently the rock is broken more easily under the bit action and therefore the rate of penetration (ROP) increases. It is also obvious that decreasing the overbalanced pressure results a reduction in mud filtrate invasion and formation damage. In the present article the effect of MPD on increasing rate of penetration and decreasing mud filtrate invasion is studied. Artificial neural networks (ANN) were implemented to develop a model for estimation of ROP by using operational inputs including overbalanced pressure. Using the ANN model, the effect of OBP was analyzed. The effect of OBP on mud filtrate invasion was studied by using developed models of the process and simple Darcy’s law. The results demonstrated that MPD leads to about 30% increase in rate of penetration and 50% decrease in mud filtrate invasion. 相似文献
82.
Heshmatollah Alinezhad Razieh Azimi Mahboobeh Zare Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh Shahram Eslami Seyed Fazel Nabavi 《International Journal of Food Properties》2013,16(5):1169-1178
In this study, antioxidant and antihemolytic activities of ethanolic extract of flowers, leaves, and stems of Hyssopus officinalis L. Var. angustifolius were investigated employing different in vitro assay systems. Extracts showed good antioxidant activity. IC50 for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical-scavenging activity were 148.8 ± 4.31 μg mL?1 for flowers, 79.9 ± 2.63 μg mL?1 for stems, and 208.2 ± 6.45 μg mL?1 for leaves. All extracts showed moderate iron (II) chelating ability. Extracts exhibited good antioxidant activity in the hemoglobin-induced linoleic acid model and also they were capable of scavenging hydrogen peroxide in a concentration dependent manner. Extracts showed good antihemolytic activity againts hydrogen peroxide-induced hemolysis (IC50 were 48.51 ± 2.27 μg mL?1 for flowers, 19.47 ± 0.73 μg mL?1 for leaves, and 63.1 ± 2.65 μg mL?1 for stems). The total amount of phenolic compounds in the extracts was determined as gallic acid equivalents and total flavonoid content was calculated as quercetin equivalents from a calibration curve. 相似文献
83.
Optimum stacking sequence design of composite materials Part II: Variable stiffness design 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A composite laminate may be designed as a permutation of several straight-fiber layers or as a matrix embracing fibers positioned in curvilinear paths. The former called a constant stiffness design and the latter known as variable stiffness design. The optimization algorithms used in constant stiffness design were studied in Part I of this review article. This paper completes the previous article by focusing on variable stiffness design of composite laminates. Different parameterization and optimization algorithms are briefly explained and compared and the advantages and shortcomings of each algorithm are discussed. 相似文献
84.
O. Moradi M. Aghaie K. Zare M. Monajjemi H. Aghaie 《Journal of hazardous materials》2009,170(2-3):673-679
The adsorption characteristics of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions onto poly2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (PHEMA) and copolymer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with monomer methyl methacrylate P(MMA-HEMA) adsorbent surfaces from aqueous single solution were investigated with respect to the changes in the pH of solution, adsorbent composition (changes in the weight percentage of MMA copolymerized with HEMA monomer), contact time and the temperature in the individual aqueous solutions. The linear correlation coefficients of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were obtained. The results revealed that the Langmuir isotherm fitted the experimental results better than the Freundlich isotherm. Using the Langmuir model equation, the monolayer adsorption capacity of PHEMA surface was found to be 0.840 and 3.037 mg/g for Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions and adsorption capacity of (PMMA-HEMA) was found to be 31.153 and 31.447 mg/g for Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions, respectively. Changes in the standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG0), standard enthalpy (ΔH0) and standard entropy (ΔS0) show that the adsorption of mentioned ions onto PHEMA and P(MMA-HEMA) are spontaneous and exothermic at 293–323 K. 相似文献
85.
Kazem Dindar Safa Akbar Hassanpour Shahin Tofangdarzadeh 《Journal of Polymer Research》2010,17(5):719-724
Various bis(silyl)ethenyl groups were attached to the aromatic ring of poly(α-methylstyrene) via Peterson olefination reaction of (RMe2Si)3CLi (R = H, Me and Ph) with formylated poly(α-methylstyrene) (Pα-MS-CHO) to give poly(α-methylstyrene)-co-[2,2-bis(silyl)ethenyl(α-methylstyrene)] as functionalized poly(α-methylstyrene) (Pα-MS-SiMe2H, Pα-MS-SiMe3 and Pα-MS-SiMe2Ph). The trimethylsilyl groups of Pα-MS-SiMe3 have been converted to 2,2-dibromoethenyl and epoxybis(silanes) groups via NBS-based bromodesilylation and MCPBA-based epoxidation respectively. The thermal degradation behaviors of the polymers were studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 相似文献
86.
Rezvan Jamaledin Cynthia K.Y. Yiu Ehsan N. Zare Li-Na Niu Raffaele Vecchione Guojun Chen Zhen Gu Franklin R. Tay Pooyan Makvandi 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(33):2002129
Skin infections caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi are difficult to treat by conventional topical administration because of poor drug penetration across the stratum corneum. This results in low bioavailability of drugs to the infection site, as well as the lack of prolonged release. Emerging antimicrobial transdermal and ocular microneedle patches have become promising medical devices for the delivery of various antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral therapeutics. In the present review, skin anatomy and its barriers along with skin infection are discussed. Potential strategies for designing antimicrobial microneedles and their targeted therapy are outlined. Finally, biosensing microneedle patches associated with personalized drug therapy and selective toxicity toward specific microbial species are discussed. 相似文献
87.
H. Beygi S. A. Sajjadi M. Zare 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2014,70(9-12):1653-1659
Intermetallics of Fe and Ni, which are known as permalloy, are under attention due to their excellent magnetic performance. Besides, mechanical properties of the materials can be improved by decreasing crystallite size of FeNi intermetallics or by reinforcing them with hard secondary phases such as Al2O3. In this study, FeNi–Al2O3 nanocomposite powders with three different compositions were successfully synthesized through mechanical alloying of Fe2O3, Ni, and Al powders mixture. Characterization of the samples was accomplished by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Effects of various parameters such as chemical composition of received materials, milling time, and annealing on the phase evolution, morphology, and microhardness of samples were investigated. It was found that by the addition of Fe as diluent, the required milling time for formation of FeNi intermetallic increased. By increasing milling time, mean crystallite size of FeNi decreased and reach to about 28 nm for FeNi-30 wt% Al2O3 nanocomposite powder sample. TEM observations also showed that in situ-formed Al2O3 particles, with particle size of about 65 nm, were uniformly dispersed within FeNi matrix. 相似文献
88.
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was applied three-dimensionally to simulate the drying behavior of paddy in a deep-bed dryer. The commercial CFD software Fluent 6.3.26 was used. The deep-bed paddy drying process and performance were studied by incorporating user-defined function (UDF) in Fluent written in C language. The predicted drying parameters were compared with experimental data of deep-bed drying of paddy. The values of mean relative deviation (MRD), standard error of prediction (SEP), and maximum error of prediction (MEP) for prediction of grain moisture content, air temperature, and absolute humidity were less than 6, 10, and 9%; 0.33% (d.b), 1.24°C, and 0.06% (kg/kg of dry air); and 2.25% (d.b), 6.8°C, and 0.37% (kg/kg of dry air), respectively, which reflect reasonable accuracy. Moreover, the energetic and exergetic performance of deep-bed paddy drying were simulated and analyzed. The effects of inlet air temperature and mass flow rate on the performance parameters were investigated. It was shown that the application of higher levels of inlet air temperature and lower mass flow rates yielded higher exergy efficiencies of deep-bed paddy drying. 相似文献
89.
Adoptable beam of neutrons enables investigating neutron interaction with matter and extends its applications. Neutrons from a low energy Sb–Be source are accelerated to the desired energies by collision with high energy protons from a plasma focus device. Protons pass through a set of magnetic lenses and converged to a small point where the neutron source is located. Proton density is increased by narrowing the beam with a charge funnel. From a practical point of view, the source geometry of neutron is a half-cone, which enhances the number of forward peaked neutrons after collision with proton. 相似文献
90.