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101.
Measurements of N2O and NO emissions during tomato cultivation using a flow-through chamber system
in a glasshouse 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO) fluxes resulting from long-term tomato cultivation in a glasshouse were continuously determined using the flow-through chamber method over the course of three cultivation periods. Gas concentrations were measured using an nondispersive infrared (gas filter correlation/infra-red) analyzer and a chemiluminescence-based analyzer, respectively. Following a basal application of fertilizer, daily N2O and NO emission rates increased, with peaks lasting from 40 to 140 days. Short-term fluctuations in daily N2O and NO emissions were affected by differences in nitrogen application, soil water, and soil temperature. Diurnal changes in N2O and NO fluxes during the period of peak emissions depended primarily on soil temperature. Following the application of a top dressing (N as urea or calcium nitrate) in the irrigation water, the N2O and NO fluxes increased immediately, with a very short period of peak emissions (1–5 h) after urea application. The duration of the peak period in daily accumulated N2O and NO emissions following application of the top dressing ranged from 3 to 10 days. 相似文献
102.
Hiroshi MizoguchiKazushige Ueda Masahiro OritaSang-Chul Moon Koichi KajiharaMasahiro Hirano Hideo Hosono 《Materials Research Bulletin》2002,37(15):2401-2406
Platinized CaTiO3 powder (band gap 3.5 eV) had a high photocatalytic activity of decomposing water into H2 and O2 under the irradiation of UV light, especially with photon energies above 3.8 eV. The existence of this photocatalytic activity is further supported on electrochemical grounds in that the photoinduced current spectrum measured between a CaTiO3 single crystal and a Pt electrode without applied voltage in water showed a maximum near 4.1 eV. This result indicates that the direct measurement of the spectrum corresponding to the efficiency of water decomposition is an effective method to survey photocatalytic activities of materials. 相似文献
103.
104.
This paper consists of two parts, both of which are concerned with a ratio of two lives from life test data. Part 1 derives an exact distribution of the quotient of two random variables, each of which follows the truncated extreme-value distribution. Then graph of the cumulative distribution function is given for several values of a parameter. Part 2 develops a control chart for sample ratios to be used in controlling the deterioration of quality characteristics having an extreme-value distribution. 相似文献
105.
Hsu-Hui Cheng Shiao-Shing Chen Kazuharu Yoshizuka Yung-Chih Chen 《Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology》2012,34(4):179-189
A stainless-steel hollow needle type anode was used in the reactor to treat industrial wastewater by gas-liquid phase of non-thermal plasma by corona discharge. The results showed that the short electrode gap, 1 cm, has a higher plasma energy density which improves the removal of the phenolic derivatives, reaching 100% after about 60 min. The H2O2 concentration was higher in the discharge system when the content of oxygen was increased. The efficiency of the phenol removal by chemical oxygen demand was only 10?C31% after 60 minutes. The identified intermediates were catechol, hydroquinone, 1,4-benzoquinone, 2-nitrophenol, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, diphenylmethanone, 2-methyl-hydroquinone, 2-methyl-1,4-bezoquinone, and trace amounts of organic. 相似文献
106.
Hideo Hosono 《Science and Technology of Advanced Materials》2013,14(4):409-416
This paper briefly reviews our approach to render active functions to micro porous crystal 12CaO·7Al2O3 (C12A7), which is known as a constituent of alumina cement, utilizing nano-space and topology of sub-nanometer-sized cages inherent to the crystal structure. Each cage with a positive charge is coordinated by 12 cages to form a three-dimensional structure. This structure is a similar to a close packing of sphere except that each opening wall of a cage is shared with a neighboring cage. Free oxygen ion O2– accommodates in 1/6 of the cages to reserve electro neutrality in the stoichiometric state. We replaced this free oxygen ion by other active anions such as O–,H–, and electron, aiming at emergence of novel function. C12A7:O– exhibited strong oxidation power enough to oxide Pt, and field-assisted thermionic O– emission to several μA levels, while conversion of insulator to persistent electronic conductor by illumination with ultraviolet radiation was discovered in C12A7:H– sample. Further, almost all of the free O2– ions in the cages were successfully replaced by electrons by a chemical treatment using metallic Ca. The resulting material, which has a composition [Ca24Al28O64]4+(4e–) and a high conductivity, ~ 100 S cm–1 at 300 K, is a first room-temperature stable electride, in which electrons work as anions. The present approach to novel function emergence by solely employing abundant oxide materials and fully utilizing nanostructure provides a way for material research for future to be done under severe circumstance of environment and resource. 相似文献
107.
Ken Sakaushi Yuya Oaki Hiroaki Uchiyama Eiji Hosono Haoshen Zhou Hiroaki Imai 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2010,6(6):776-781
Tin monoxide (SnO) nanosheets 5 nm in thickness are generated on substrates through an aqueous solution process under mild conditions. Parallel control of the oxidation state and morphology is achieved by a urea‐mediated approach in aqueous solution. The SnO nanosheets form a porous thin film on substrates such as indium tin oxide and carbon nanofiber (CNF). The porous thin film of SnO nanosheets shows cathodic photocurrent generation upon irradiation by UV and visible light. In contrast, the photocurrent is not observed in the bulk SnO microcrystals. Composites of the SnO nanosheets and CNF perform as the anode material of lithium‐ion batteries with improved charge–discharge reversible stability. 相似文献
108.
Ayumu Sato Mikio Shimada Ryo Hayashi Kenji Nomura Masahiro Hirano Hideo Hosono 《Thin solid films》2009,518(4):1309-3379
Amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) with a coplanar homojunction structure are demonstrated. The coplanar source and drain regions made of a-IGZO were formed by depositing a hydrogenated silicon nitride (SiNX:H) layer onto the a-IGZO layer. The a-IGZO regions on which the SiNX:H layer was directly deposited showed the low resistivity of 4.7 × 10−3 Ω cm and degenerated conduction. The fabricated TFT showed excellent transfer and output characteristics with a field-effect mobility of 11 cm2 V− 1 s− 1, a subthreshold swing of 0.17 V decade− 1, and an on-to-off current ratio larger than 1 × 109. The width-normalized source-to-drain resistance (RsdW) calculated using a channel resistance method was 51 Ω cm. This TFT also showed good stability over environment change and under electrical stress. 相似文献
109.
Imamiya K. Sugiura Y. Nakamura H. Himeno T. Takeuchi K. Ikehashi T. Kanda K. Hosono K. Shirota R. Aritome S. Shimizu K. Hatakeyama K. Sakui K. 《Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of》1999,34(11):1536-1543
A 256-Mbit flash memory has been developed using a NAND cell structure with a shallow trench isolation (STI) process. A tight bit-line pitch of 0.55 μm is achieved with 0.25-μm STI. The memory cell is shrunk to 0.29 μm2, which realizes a 130-mm2 , 256-Mbit flash memory. Peripheral transistors are scaled with memory cells in order to reduce fabrication process steps. A voltage down converter, which generates 2.5-V constant internal power source, is applied to protect the scaled transistors. An improved bit-line clamp sensing scheme achieves 3.8-μs first access time in spite of long and tight pitch bit-line. A 1-kbyte page mode with 35-ns serial data out realizes 25-Mbyte/s read throughput. An incremental step pulse with a bit by bit verify scheme programs 1-k cells in 1-V Vt distribution within 200 μs. That realizes 4.4-Mbyte/s programming throughput 相似文献
110.
Deboronation of geothermal water using N‐methyl‐D‐glucamine based chelating resins and a novel fiber adsorbent: batch and column studies
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