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101.
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This paper describes two calculation methods for estimating the amount of refrigerant required to maintain the temperature inside a small insulating container within a desired range under cyclic temperature conditions. The first calculation method is for a phase change material (PCM) that absorbs and releases heat by melting and solidifying. The PCM used in this study had a phase change temperature of 23.5°C (74.3°F). An equation for estimating the amount of the PCM required under cyclic conditions is shown. Test packages were constructed to meet USP Controlled Room Temperature (CRT) requirements. Several cyclic tests were conducted with the calculated amount of PCM in the test packages. The results showed that the calculated amount of PCM did maintain the inside temperature within the range 21.4–25.8°C (70.5–78.4°F) throughout the tests. This range met the USP CRT requirement. The second calculation method is for unfrozen gel packs that absorb and release heat by changing temperature. The amount of unfrozen gel pack required to maintain temperature within the USP range was calculated. Several cyclic tests were conducted with the calculated amount of gel packs. The calculated amount was enough to meet the USP requirement. Good agreement between the experimental and calculated temperature profiles was also found. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
103.
K.?MiyoshiEmail author K.W.?Street?Jr. R.L.?Vander?Wal Rodney?Andrews Ali?Sayir 《Tribology Letters》2005,19(3):191-201
Aligned and dispersed multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were evaluated for solid lubrication applications. Results obtained from unidirectional sliding friction experiments indicate that MWNTs have superior friction properties and sustainability in air and vacuum. Based on analyses of wear surfaces, transfer films, wear debris, and microstructures, the lubrication mechanism of the MWNTs is discussed.†NASA Resident Research Associate at Glenn Research Center 相似文献
104.
Yamamoto T Mukai K Maruta K Watanabe H Yamashita H Nishimoto T Kubota M Chaen H Fukuda S 《Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering》2005,100(3):343-346
The kojibiose phosphorylase (KP) gene and trehalose phosphorylase (TP) gene from Thermoanaerobacter brockii ATCC35047 were intracellularly hyper-expressed under the control of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens alpha-amylase promoter in Bacillus subtilis. The production yields were estimated to be 2.1 g of KP and 4.9 g of TP per liter of medium. Selaginose, non-reducing trisaccharide, was synthesized from trehalose utilizing the recombinant KP and TP from B. subtilis. Selaginose was not hydrolyzed by salivary amylase, artificial gastric juice, pancreatic amylase, or small intestinal enzymes. 相似文献
105.
Kozo Osamura Kazuhisa Shibue Paul Hideo Shingu Yotaro Murakami 《Journal of Materials Science》1979,14(4):945-952
The change in structure of an amorphous Fe-P-C alloy during ageing was examined using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurement and transmission electron microscopy. The SAXS intensity was related to two different types of scattering regions depending on ageing time and temperature. The major scattering was from the crystalline particles, which had two-phase lamella structures. The average thickness of the lamellae remained constant at about 5 nm during ageing. The interlamella distance was three to five times the lamellar thickness in the regular packing region. Another minor scattering was interpreted as being caused by the local ordering of atomic configuration in the amorphous state. The average size of the scattering region was 1.8 to 2.4 nm and quite similar to the critical range proposed by Giessen and Wagner, beyond which the shortrange order disappears. 相似文献
106.
Tsunehiro Aki Yumiko Nagahata Katsuyuki Ishihara Yoshio Tanaka Tsutomu Morinaga Kenichi Higashiyama Kengo Akimoto Shigeaki Fujikawa Seiji Kawamoto Seiko Shigeta Kazuhisa Ono Osamu Suzuki 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2001,78(6):599-604
A filamentous fungus producing significant levels of arachidonic acid (AA, C20∶4n−6) was isolated from a freshwater pond sample
and assigned to the species Mortierella alliacea. This strain, YN-15, accumulated AA mainly in the form of triglyceride in its mycelia. An optimized culture in 25 L of medium
containing 12% glucose and 3% yeast extract yielded 46.1 g/L dry cell weight, 19.5 g/L total fatty acid, and 7.1 g/L AA by
7-d cultivation in a 50-L jar fermenter. Assimilation of soluble starch by YN-15 was notably enhanced by the addition of oleic
acid, soybean oil, ammonium sulfate, or potassium phosphate to a starch-based medium. Using starch as a main carbon source
in the pre-pilot scale cultivation improved the production of AA by up to 5.0 g/L. Mortierella alliacea strain YN-15 is therefore a promising fungal isolate for industrial production of AA and other polyunsaturated fatty acids. 相似文献
107.
Hirofumi Sanada Hiroaki Ito Megumi Takezawa Kazuhisa Watanabe 《IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering》2007,2(6):588-595
A method for designing microwave filters and impedance matching circuits using transmission lines is presented. Transmission line filters with shunt‐connected open circuit stubs and continuously varying transmission line matching circuits are described in detail. The proposed method is based on genetic algorithms and can effectively be applied to various filter and matching circuit design problems without increasing theoretical and computational complexity. Design examples are provided, and the proposed method is demonstrated to be effective in designing transmission line filters and matching circuits. Copyright © 2007 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
108.
109.
Tailor‐Made Designer Helical Peptides that Induce Mitochondrion‐Mediated Cell Death without Necrosis
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Kagayaki Nogami Kentaro Takahama Ayako Okushima Dr. Takanori Oyoshi Dr. Kazuhisa Fujimoto Prof. Dr. Masahiko Inouye 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2014,15(17):2571-2576
Managing protein–protein interactions is essential for resolving unknown biological events at the molecular level and developing drugs. We have designed and synthesized a side‐chain‐crosslinked helical peptides based on the binding domain of a pro‐apoptotic protein (Bad) that induces programed cell death. The peptide showed high helical content and bound to its target, Bcl‐XL, more strongly than its non‐crosslinked counterparts. When HeLa cells were incubated with the crosslinked peptide, the peptide entered the cytosol across the plasma membrane. The peptide formed a stable complex with Bcl‐XL localized at the outer mitochondrial membrane, and this binding event caused the release of cytochrome c from the intermembrane space of mitochondria into the cytosol. This activated the caspase cascade: 70 % of HeLa cells died by the apoptosis pathway (without evidence of necrosis). 相似文献
110.