Blast-Furnace operation with conical charging equipment at OAO Zaporozhstal

The operation of blast furnaces at OAO Zaporozhstal’ with a Tarasov charging system is considered. This system ensures an axial channel at the center of the furnace for gas transmission. The efficiency of the system is demonstrated.     

Modeling frequency-time synchronization systems that use signals of common sources

Article presents results of design and implementation of system model that uses signal of a common source to synchronize geographically distributed time and frequency standards (so-called general coverage algorithm). The use of various processing (mutual correlation and matched filtering) and estimation of time signal position methods as well as taking into consideration of multipath in channel are essential peculiarities of the model. The model may be used for estimating potential precision of a wide class of synchronization systems and the possibility of using various signals and processing techniques in such systems.     

The effect of carbon dioxide on the viability of bacteria of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bacillus</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Diplococcus</Emphasis> genera

The effect of the volume of carbon dioxide gas released from aqueous solution on the reduction of the number of vegetative microorganisms per unit volume of the system has been investigated. A linear relationship between the number of vegetative microorganisms and the volume of released carbon dioxide is observed, when the volume of the released gas does not exceed the level of 0.5 dm³/dm³ of solution. The increasing ratio of the amount of spores to the number of vegetative bacteria of Bacillus genus results in a largely reduced impact of the volume of released carbon dioxide on the microbial viability.     

How long should power system disturbance site monitoring be to besignificant?

The results of a statistical study of the power supply disturbances that occurred at a computer site over a period of two years are presented. The primary objectives were to attempt to determine how long power system disturbance site monitoring should be to be significant and to reveal the importance of having a sound knowledge of the possible patterns of occurrence of power supply disturbances at a selected site prior to initiating the monitoring process. It is shown that a large percentage of the one-week samples resulted in no disturbances being recorded (i.e. 44% in 1985 and 36% in 1986). If the results of these samples were used to imply that a computer site is relatively free of disturbances, then the implication would be erroneous. The importance of having a detailed knowledge base (acquired through discussions with, for example, the utility, the customer, field personnel, electricians, technicians, consultants, manufacturers, etc.) prior to initiating the monitoring process is discussed     

Power quality of small rural industries

Successful and economical operation of small rural industries (e.g. grain, dairy, irrigation, pig, poultry, beef feedlots, etc.) is a fundamental objective of society. However, when the performance and life expectancy of industrial electronic and electrical equipment is significantly affected by power supply anomalies caused by polluting loads at an industrial site and by utility normal operational activities, the economic benefits of this technology are quickly eradicated. This work presents the results of a detailed power supply quality survey of 23 small rural industries sponsored by the Canadian Electrical Association and provides a knowledge base on rural power quality and the possible origins of power supply anomalies. The major power quality problems experienced at the various industrial sites are summarized. The results of the survey provide a basis for mitigating actions by the electric utilities and their rural industrial customers to design and operate their electrical systems to minimize the effects of power supply anomalies     

Erosion characteristics of materials recovered from hard alloy scrap

The production of electrode materials involving oxide processing of VK15 hard alloy scrap and thermomechanical processing of the resulting powder mixtures is investigated. The recovery of tungsten and cobalt oxides, synthesis of tungsten carbide, and compaction of WC-Co powder mixture are combined into one cycle. Studying the structure and erosion characteristics of the material shows that the oxide technology is suitable for producing electrode materials from hard alloy scrap and has wide opportunities for varying their erosion characteristics. __________ Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, Vol. 46, No. 3–4 (454), pp. 32–37, 2007.     

Developing an edge-plasma diagnostic tool for the Globus-M tokamak based on measuring ratios of HeI lines

A diagnostic technique that is based on measuring the ratios of neutral-helium line strengths has been developed for peripheral distributions of electron temperature and density of tokamak plasma. The main components of the technique are a four-channel filter-lens imaging polychromator (FLIP-4) and a Phantom Miro M110 high-speed camera for recording the images. The polychromator has been assembled, adjusted, and tested on an optical test bench. The optical system was installed on the spherical Globus-M tokamak. Some preliminary experiments were carried out. Images of the plasma-gun jet were obtained at neutralhelium lines.