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41.
42.
Ongol MP Sawatari Y Ebina Y Sone T Tanaka M Tomita F Yokota A Asano K 《International journal of food microbiology》2007,116(3):358-366
Persistent acid production by Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus during refrigerated storage is a major cause of reduced viability of probiotic strains such as Bifidobacterium breve in yoghurt. It was established that H+ -ATPase-defective mutants of lactic acid bacteria have reduced growth and metabolism in low pH environments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate inhibition of post-acidification and maintenance of B. breve viability in yoghurt fermented by L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus mutants with reduced membrane-bound H+ -ATPase activity during refrigerated storage. Spontaneous neomycin mutants of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus that had a significantly (P < or = 0.05) reduced H+ -ATPase activity were successfully isolated. Yoghurt fermented using L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus SBT0164 No. 55-1 (mutant) starter culture had markedly reduced post-acidification and maintained viability (> or = 10(8) CFU/ml) of both Bifidobacteruim breve JCM 1192(T) and Bifidobacteruim breve JCM 7017 during storage at 10 degrees C for 21 days. These results clearly showed that yoghurt fermented by mutants of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus with reduced membrane-bound H+ -ATPase activity has reduced post-acidification that prolongs viability of B. breve in yoghurt during refrigerated storage. 相似文献
43.
Feng B Morita M Imanaka H Imamura K Nakanishi K 《Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering》2006,102(5):470-473
We identified 22 genes from Aspergillus oryzae that are preferentially expressed in membrane-surface liquid culture (MSLC), among which Ser/Thr protein kinase (aopk1) and phosphatase (aoppt) genes were cloned. We also revealed that aopk1 encodes a protein with an N-terminal sequence 150 amino acid residues longer than that predicted from the registered sequence in GenBank. 相似文献
44.
Minamida K Shiga K Sujaya IN Sone T Yokota A Hara H Asano K Tomita F 《Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering》2005,99(3):230-236
The effects of difructose anhydride III (di-D-fructofuranose-1,2':2,3'-dianhydride; DFA III) administration (3% DFA III for 4 weeks) on rat intestinal microbiota were examined using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). According to DGGE profiles, the number of bacteria related to Bacteroides acidofaciens and uncultured bacteria within the Clostridium lituseburense group decreased, while that of bacteria related to Bacteroides vulgatus, Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus productus increased in DFA III-fed rat cecum. In the cecal contents of DFA III-fed rats, a lowering of pH and an increase in short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially acetic acid, were observed. The DFA III-assimilating bacterium, Ruminococcus sp. M-1, was isolated from the cecal contents of DFA III-fed rats. The strain had 98% similarity with R. productus ATCC 27340T (L76595), and mainly produced acetic acid. These results confirmed that the bacteria harmful to host health were not increased by DFA III administration. Moreover, DFA III stimulated the growth of Ruminococcus sp. M-1 producing acetic acid, which may alter the intestinal microbiota towards a healthier composition. It is expected that DFA III would be a new candidate as a prebiotic. 相似文献
45.
Masaharu Kamei Sumiko Ohgaki Tamotsu Kanbe Isao Niiya Haruo Mizutani Isao Matsui-Yuasa Shuzo Otani Shigeru Morita 《Lipids》1995,30(6):533-539
We investigated the relationship between dietary highly hydrogenated soybean oil (HSO) and cholesterol transport in rats.
In the first study, to examine the effects of cholesterol transport of different concentrations of HSO in dietary oil, rats
were given one of the three diets containing 0, 25, or 50% HSO in dietary oil with cholesterol (5 g/kg diet) or a diet without
HSO and cholesterol for 22 d. Feeding the high concentration of HSO prevented the increase in plasma total cholesterol, hepatic
total lipids, and cholesterol and the decrease in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, which were caused by dietary cholesterol.
Moreover, HSO increased the fecal excretion, fecal lipids, and steroids in a dose-dependent manner. In the second study, to
examine the effects on cholesterol transport of redistribution of stearic acid in the triacylglycerol species contained in
HSO, rats were given one of the six diets containing HSO (distearoylmonoacylglycerol and tristearoylglycerol)-rich, monostearoylglycerol-rich,
or palmitic acid-rich oil with/without cholesterol (5 g/kg diet), for 30 d. Whereas the accumulation of cholesterol in the
body was reduced, cholesterol excretion was enhanced effectively in rats given the HSO-rich diet compared with rats given
the monostearoylglycerol-rich diet. These results suggested that not only the high concentration of stearic acid but also
its uneven distribution in HSO-triacylglycerol contributed to the reduction in intestinal cholesterol absorption in rats. 相似文献
46.
Gel permeation chromatography of polyoxymethylene has been studied using N,N-dimethylformamide as the solvent. Polyoxymethylene samples used here are a copolymer of tetraoxane with 1,3-dioxolane and a commercial polyoxymethylene whose molecular weight distributions are moderately broad. Their intrinsic viscosities [η] range from 1.4 to 2.8 dl/g. Factors affecting chromatograms are discussed, and the operating conditions were determined by using the analytical scale GPC. On the basis of these operating conditions, the molecular weight fractionation of polyoxymethylene was carried out by using the preparative scale GPC. It was found that polyoxymethylene can be effectively fractionated to give seven to ten fractions each of them containing the fractionated polymer ranging in weight from 0.2 to 8 mg when 40 mg polymer sample was used for a run of the measurement. The fractionated polymers were also found to have a narrow molecular weight distribution within a single peak, and their Mw/Mn values decrease with increasing molecular weight. 相似文献
47.
Kotaro Hama Yuko Fujiwara Masashi Morita Fumiyoshi Yamazaki Yuko Nakashima Shiro Takei Shigeo Takashima Mitsutoshi Setou Nobuyuki Shimozawa Tsuneo Imanaka Kazuaki Yokoyama 《Lipids》2018,53(1):85-102
ABCD1 is a gene responsible for X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X‐ALD), and is critical for the transport of very long‐chain fatty acids (VLCFA) into peroxisomes and subsequent β‐oxidation. VLCFA‐containing lipids accumulate in X‐ALD patients, although the effect of ABCD1‐deficiency on each lipid species in the central nervous system has not been fully characterized. In this study, each phospholipid and lysophospholipid species in Abcd1‐deficient mice brains were profiled by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Among the phospholipid and lysophospholipid species that are significantly more enriched in Abcd1‐deficient mice brains, VLCFA were present in 75, 15, 5, 4, and 1 species of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin, lysophosphatidylcholine, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine, respectively. Most VLCFA were incorporated at the sn‐1 position of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Among the phospholipid species that are significantly less enriched in Abcd1‐deficient mice brains, odd‐numbered saturated or mono‐unsaturated fatty acyl moieties are contained in all phosphatidylcholine species. In addition, a number of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylserine species contained highly unsaturated fatty acyl moieties. Intriguingly, 44:1 phosphatidylcholine with VLCFA was mainly distributed in the gray matter, such as the cortex, but not in the white matter in the cerebrum and cerebellum. These results show that ABCD1‐deficiency causes metabolic alternation of long‐chain fatty acids and VLCFA. Moreover, our results imply a molecular mechanism for the incorporation of saturated or monounsaturated VLCFA into the sn‐1 position of phospholipids, and also indicate that the distribution of phospholipids with VLCFA may correlate with the development of X‐ALD. 相似文献
48.
T. Aramoto F. Adurodija Y. Nishiyama T. Arita A. Hanafusa K. Omura A. Morita 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》2003,75(1-2):211-217
The atmospheric pressure CSS method has been developed as a reproducible and efficient process. Thin film CdTe grown under atmospheric pressure has a rough surface morphology. The density of carbon black powder in the graphite carbon paste for screen printing is a key factor in reducing the series resistance of the device with rough surface CdTe. Using graphite carbon paste with 7 wt% carbon black powder has resulted in cells with a relatively low back contact resistance. A highly efficient large-area CdS/CdTe solar cell (11.0%, 5327 cm2) sub-module has been fabricated using the new technique. 相似文献
49.
To evaluate the subclinical effect of lead exposure, we determined delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) levels in plasma (ALA-P), blood (ALA-B), and urine (ALA-U) and the activity of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) in lead workers. Almost all of the ALA molecules in blood were present in plasma and not in blood cells, irrespective of the blood lead concentration (Pb-B). ALA-P or ALA-B levels increased slowly at Pb-B levels below 40 micrograms/dl (slow phase) and rapidly at levels above 40 micrograms/dl (rapid phase). In both phases, ALA-P and ALA-B were well correlated with Pb-B and ALAD activity. The threshold value (no-effect level) of Pb-B for elevation of the ALA-P or ALA-B level was coincident with that for ALAD inhibition; the value was around 5 micrograms/dl. In the rapid phase, ALA-P increased continuously up to 100 micrograms/dl of Pb-B, while ALAD activity reached a plateau. Receiver operative characteristic (ROC) plot analyses indicated that ALA-P and ALAD activity [ALAD(u)] had a similar diagnostic value at Pb-B levels between 10 and 40 micrograms/dl, although ALAD(%), the remaining ALAD activity as a percentage of the whole activity restored by zinc and dithiothreitol, had the most powerful diagnostic efficiency at these Pb-B levels. By contrast, ALA-U and zinc protoporphyrin were less effective for the diagnosis of lead exposure than ALAD and ALA-P. These findings indicate that ALA-P is the best discriminators of lead exposure form baseline to high levels of exposure. 相似文献
50.
STUDY DESIGN: Morphological analysis was performed of the facet joint of the normal and spondylolytic lumbosacral spine in children and adolescents. OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to estimate the influence of spondylolysis on growth of the neural arch of the lumbosacral spine. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The development of the facet joint and its relation to spondylolysis have not been documented in the literature. METHODS: The dimension and orientation of the facet joint at L5/S were measured on radiographs and computed tomography scans from 144 boys without pars defects and 104 boys with pars defects. The latter group was further investigated according to the stage of pars defects. Patients in both groups were between 9 and 18 years of age. RESULTS: Growth of the facet joint in the sagittal and transverse directions and the increase of the transverse angle were remarkable up to approximately 13 years of age. Concavity of the facet joints also progressed in children of the same age. The growth of the facet joint in patients with spondylolysis was significantly retarded as the pars defects advanced from the progressive to the terminal stage. The joint surface was more coronal in orientation and flatter in shape compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggest that pars defects occurring in children disturb or retard the growth of the facet joint and that the morphological characteristics of the joint surfaces in patients with spondylolysis are the consequence of these defects. 相似文献