Microstructures and properties of Sn-Ag-Cu lead-flee solder alloys containing La

Trace amounts of La were utilized to improve the melting behaviors, microstructures, tensile properties and microhardness of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu lead-free solder alloy. La has little effect on the melting behavior of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu alloy according to the differential thermal analysis （DTA） tests. The X-ray diffraction （XRD） patterns show that β-Sn, Ag3Sn and Cu6Sn5 coexist in the as-cast solder alloys and LaSn3 phases emerge when adding 0.4% La. The microstructures modified by La are more uniform and much finer than that of baseline alloy, and the coarse LaSn3 particles with complex dendrites are observed by optical microscopy （OM） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） when the addition of La is up to 0.4%. The composition of the LaSn3 phases is identified by energy-dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）. There are considerable improvements in mechanical properties with 0.05% and 0.1% addition, but degenerations by adding 0.4%La. The Vickers microhardness of β-Sn and eutectic area are both enhanced with the addition of La and the microhardness of LaSn3 is much larger than those of β-Sn and eutectic area.     

等离子场中工件无辉光渗碳

研究了在等离子场中，工件不做阴极或阳极，因而工件上不产生辉光放电的条件下对工件进行渗碳的工艺。通过对不同温度下，工件无辉光渗碳工艺与辉光离子渗碳工艺研究，证明了等离子场中工件无辉光渗碳工艺的可行性，并从渗碳速度上对以上两种工艺进行了比较。     

Effect of Y content on microstructure and mechanical properties of 2519 aluminum alloy

The effects of yttrium（Y） content on precipitation hardening, elevated temperature mechanical properties and morphologies of 2519 aluminum alloy were investigated by means of microhardness test, tensile test, optical microscopy（OM）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The results show that the tensile strength increases from 485 MPa to 490 MPa by increasing Y content from 0 to 0.10%（mass fraction） at room temperature, and from 155 MPa to 205 MPa by increasing Y content from 0 to 0.20% at 300 ~C. The high strength of 2519 aluminum alloy is attributed to the high density of fine 0＇ precipitates and intermetallic compound AICuY with high thermal stability. Addition of Y above 0.20% in 2519 aluminum alloy may induce the decrease in the tensile strength both at room temperature （20 ℃） and 300℃.     

Neutral electrolyte aluminum air battery with open configuration

A kind of new long life aluminum air batteries with open configuration was developed, using aluminum alloy doped with Ga, In, Sn, Bi, Pb and Mn as anode, NaCl solution as electrolyte and air electrode as cathode. The polarization curves of aluminum electrode and air electrode were tested. And the cell's performance was tested to calculate the utilization of aluminum electrode and the energy density. It is shown that, in the 3.5% NaCl solution, the cell can discharge at 0.29 A for 140 h with the working voltage keeping over 1.1 V. The utilization ratio of aluminum anode is over 44%, and the life of battery is longer than 2400 h.     

等温淬火球铁(ADI)引锭杆的研制

介绍ADI引锭杆铸造生产工艺特点及其铸态组织要求,分析主要合金元素的作用,运用正交试验法对等温淬火球铁（ADI）引锭杆的热处理工艺进行了优化试验,并对该引锭杆的淬透性进行了检测。试验结果表明,最大壁厚为140mm的ADI引锭杆需要进行必要的合金化,合金元素的加入量为：0.2%～0.3%Mo、0.4%～0.5%Ni、0.5%～0.8%Cu;ADI引锭杆的优化热处理工艺为：在900℃奥氏体化保温90min,再进行360℃等温淬火,等温“时间窗口”为90～120min;在该成分与热处理工艺条件下,引锭杆可以淬透,能够获得以针状铁素体＋残余奥氏体为基体的组织,其力学性能达到QT900-8。     

环氧与酚醛改性环氧涂层固化反应与吸水性关系的研究

采用示差扫描量热分析技术，研究了一种环氧树脂粉末涂料与酚醋改性的该种涂料的固化反应机制和两种涂膜的交联结构，并结合两种涂膜有９０℃蒸馏水中的静态浸泡实验结果，分析了涂膜交联结构对涂膜吸水性的影响。结果表明：酚醛改性环氧粉末涂料的固化反应包括酚醛树脂与一部分环氧树脂的共聚反应，环氧树脂与固化剂的交联反应，以及少量酚醛树脂的自聚反应。而环氧粉末涂料的固化反应只有环氧树脂与固化剂－双氰胺的交联反应。酚醛     

军用器材新型封存材料应用研究

阐述了研究开发新型封存材料在军用器材封存中的意义和作用,介绍了国内外封存材料的发展现状,详细论述了新型封存材料的作用机理、性能特点,指出了其适用范围及其在军用器材物流中的应用前景.     

高强度铸造铝合金凝固过程中的元素偏析

通过液淬的方法，研究Al-4.5Cu合金及添加Si,Mn,Ni,Zr元素后合金的凝固过程及溶质分布。结果表明，将Si,Mn,Ni,Zr元素的加入，都能使Al-Cu合金的结晶温度间隔不同程度地减少，其中Al4.5Cu3Si的结晶温度间隔最小，Cu的分布,特点是：晶界高于晶内，一次晶界高于二次晶界”，并随着温度的降低Cu向晶界偏析的趋势加剧，Ni的分布，晶界高于晶内，Mn的分布，晶界高于晶内，但差别不大，Zr在晶界与枝晶间的偏析处的含量较高。     

Bi、Cu对大断面可锻铸铁的影响

研究Bi Cu复合孕育对大断面可锻铸铁的形成和力学性能的影响 ;结果表明 ,制作大断面可锻铸铁 ,铋含量必须达到0 .0 3 % ;Cu含量达到 0 .3 0 %可明显缩短大断面可锻铸铁第一和第二阶段石墨化时间 ,并且可使组织细密 ,石墨形态好     

再论铝电解槽槽底破损的早期定位监测

槽底局部破损的早期定位，可以用测量阴极电流分布的变化来判定。对于槽底全面破损就很难用阴极电流分布的变化来确定其破损部位。全面破损槽只要均流系数不突然减少，槽子仍可继续运行。阴极电流分布曲线的形状，能直觉地帮助分析，诊断病槽的病因。