A novel method of structural shape optimization coupling BEM with an optimization method based on biological growth

Local stress peaks are the main reason for fatigue failure of structures, and therefore many researchers make every effort to search for effective methods of structural shape optimization. Mattheck and Burkhard (1990) have developed a method by simulating the self-optimization mechanism of biological growth, using FEM. BEM is a very effective method in which only the boundary is divided into elements, and particularly, accurate results at the boundary can be obtained. It is obvious that BEM is a more suitable analysis method for structural shape optimization than FEM. Coupling BEM of three-dimensional thermoelasticity problems with an optimization method based on biological growth, a novel method of structural shape optimization is successfully developed by the authors. Several examples are used to demonstrate that the method is successful and efficient.     

The behavior and effect of rare earth CeO<Subscript>2</Subscript> on <Emphasis Type="Italic">in-situ</Emphasis> TiC/Al composite

Rare earth CeO₂ was investigated as an additive for in-situ preparation of TiC/Al composites using XD (exothermal dispersion) + casting technology. Experiment results showed that an optimum CeO₂ addition of 0.5 wt pct promotes the generation and refinement of TiC particles, prevents the formation of Al₃Ti, increases the wettability between the TiC ceramic particles and the Al matrix, and improves the mechanical properties of composite. A corresponding thermodynamic model was proposed for the mechanism.     

Effect of H_2 dilution on the structure and properties of nc-CrC/a-C:H coatings deposited by a hybrid beams system

Nanocomposite Cr C/hydrogenated amorphous carbon(nc-CrC/a-C:H) coatings were deposited by a hybrid beams system comprised of a hollow cathode ion source and a cathodic arc ion-plating unit with varying H_2 flow rates. The influences of H_2 flow rates on the morphologies, microstructures, and properties of the coatings were systematically studied. The morphologies and microstructures of the coatings were characterized by SEM, AFM, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, GIXRD, and HRTEM. The mechanical and tribological properties were measured by a nano-indenter, scratch tester, and ball-ondisk tribometer. The wear tracks were evaluated using 3D profilometer, optical microscope, and EDS analysis. It has been found that a moderate H_2 flow rate can effectively smooth the surface, enlarge the fraction of a sp~3 bond, and improve the properties. The coating exhibits the highest hardness and elastic modulus at the H_2 flow rate of 40 sccm. A superior combination of adhesion strength,friction coefficient, and wear resistance can be achieved at the H_2 flow rate of 80 sccm.     

二层交换机的攻击分析与防范技术的研究

本文通过OSI模型的第二层的特点,分析了二层交换机存在的安全隐患,提出了相应的解决办法。     

Fabrication of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films by ion beam sputtering deposition from a quaternary target at different substrate temperatures

Cu(In, Ga)Se₂ (CIGS) thin films were fabricated by ion beam sputtering deposition from a single quaternary target at different substrate temperatures (T _sub). The thin films were characterized with X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and four-point probe technique to study the microstructures, surface morphology, composition and electrical properties, respectively. The results show that the films grown above 400?°C are of chalcopyrite structure. Cu(In_0.7Ga_0.3)Se₂ thin film was obtained when T _sub is 550?°C. The Cu and Se atomic percentage when T _sub is above 500?°C is higher than when T _sub is below 500?°C. With the increase in T _sub, the surfaces morphology of the films is denser and the resistivity of the films decreases.     

国内外环氧树脂的生产现状及应用进展

本文阐述国内外环氧树脂发展动向及应用进展。     

高速定时分件供送螺杆系统研究新进展──变螺距螺旋线设计新方法初探

着重阐述在高速定时分件供送螺杆基础理论的系统研究中，长期以来未能很好解决的一些难题，进一步探讨合理设计变螺距螺旋线的新方法以及确定有关参数的若干准则。     

企业标准化体系与质量体系的关系

＠蔡伟￥太原化学工业集团公司企业按ＧＢ／Ｔ１９０００—ＩＳＯ９０００系列标准建立完善的质量体系,既强化内部管理,严格过程控制,降低生产成本,提高产品质量,增加经济效益,又为企业带来了良好的市场效益。企业标准化工作由原来单一的技术标准延伸到管理工作范围。工业...     

The characteristics of waves around an entrance of a lagoon in South China Sea

The characteristics of the waves around a lagoon entrance in South China Sea were observed during the past one and half years based on the wave measurements.The...