Correlated Quantum Phenomena of Spin–Orbit Coupled Perovskite Oxide Heterostructures: Cases of SrRuO3 and SrIrO3 Based Artificial Superlattices

Unexpected, yet useful functionalities emerge when two or more materials merge coherently. Artificial oxide superlattices realize atomic and crystal structures that are not available in nature, thus providing controllable correlated quantum phenomena. This review focuses on 4d and 5d perovskite oxide superlattices, in which the spin–orbit coupling plays a significant role compared with conventional 3d oxide superlattices. Modulations in crystal structures with octahedral distortion, phonon engineering, electronic structures, spin orderings, and dimensionality control are discussed for 4d oxide superlattices. Atomic and magnetic structures, J_eff = 1/2 pseudospin and charge fluctuations, and the integration of topology and correlation are discussed for 5d oxide superlattices. This review provides insights into how correlated quantum phenomena arise from the deliberate design of superlattice structures that give birth to novel functionalities.     

Latch Applicator for Efficient Delivery of Dissolving Microneedles Based on Rapid Release of Elastic Strain Energy by Thumb Force (Adv. Funct. Mater. 11/2023)

Dissolving microneedle (DMN) is an attractive alternative to parenteral and enteral drug administration owing to its painless self-administration and safety due to non-generation of medical waste. For reproducible and efficient DMN administration, various DMN application methods, such as weights, springs, and electromagnetic devices, have been studied. However, these applicators have complex structures that are complicated to use and high production costs. In this study, a latch applicator that consists of only simple plastic parts and operates via thumb force without any external complex device is developed. Protrusion-shaped latches and impact distances are designed to accumulate thumb force energy through elastic deformation and to control impact velocity. The optimized latch applicator with a pressing force of 25 N and an impact velocity of 5.9 m s⁻¹ fully inserts the drug-loaded tip of the two-layered DMN into the skin. In an ovalbumin immunization test, DMN with the latch applicator shows a significantly higher IgG antibody production rate than that of intramuscular injection. The latch applicator, which provides effective DMN insertion and a competitive price compared with conventional syringes, has great potential to improve delivery of drugs, including vaccines.     

Room-Temperature-Processable Highly Reliable Resistive Switching Memory with Reconfigurability for Neuromorphic Computing and Ultrasonic Tissue Classification

Reversible metal-filamentary mechanism has been widely investigated to design an analog resistive switching memory (RSM) for neuromorphic hardware-implementation. However, uncontrollable filament-formation, inducing its reliability issues, has been a fundamental challenge. Here, an analog RSM with 3D ion transport channels that can provide unprecedentedly high reliability and robustness is demonstrated. This architecture is realized by a laser-assisted photo-thermochemical process, compatible with the back-end-of-line process and even applicable to a flexible format. These superior characteristics also lead to the proposal of a practical adaptive learning rule for hardware neural networks that can significantly simplify the voltage pulse application methodology even with high computing accuracy. A neural network, which can perform the biological tissue classification task using the ultrasound signals, is designed, and the simulation results confirm that this practical adaptive learning rule is efficient enough to classify these weak and complicated signals with high accuracy (97%). Furthermore, the proposed RSM can work as a diffusive-memristor at the opposite voltage polarity, exhibiting extremely stable threshold switching characteristics. In this mode, several crucial operations in biological nervous systems, such as Ca²⁺ dynamics and nonlinear integrate-and-fire functions of neurons, are successfully emulated. This reconfigurability is also exceedingly beneficial for decreasing the complexity of systems—requiring both drift- and diffusive-memristors.     

Event-triggered-based finite-time cooperative path following control for underactuated multiple marine surface vehicles

This paper develops an event-triggered-based finite-time cooperative path following (CPF) control scheme for underactuated marine surface vehicles (MSVs) with model parameter uncertainties and unknown ocean disturbances. First, a finite-time extended state observer (FTESO) is proposed, in which the FTESO can estimate the velocities and compound disturbances in finite time. Then, the finite-time LOS guidance law based on velocity estimation values is designed to obtain the desired surge velocity and the desired yaw rate. In order to realize the cooperative control of multiple paths in finite time, the cooperative control law for the path variable is designed. In addition, the relative threshold event-triggered control (ETC) mechanism is incorporated into the formation control algorithm, and an event-triggered-based finite-time CPF controller is designed, which not only effectively reduces the update frequency of controller and the mechanical loss of actuator but also improves the control performance of system. Furthermore, by using homogeneous method, Lyapunov theory, and finite-time stability theory, it is proved that under the proposed finite-time CPF control scheme, the formation errors can converge to a small neighborhood around origin in finite time. Finally, numerical simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.     

污泥干燥及其与燃煤电站耦合的热力特性分析

如何对污泥进行低成本的无害化处理及资源化利用已经成为亟待解决的问题。首先基于传热传质的原理建立了污泥干燥过程的热力模型;其次提出了污泥干燥过程的综合评价指标,从热力学第二定律的角度对干燥过程所耗热量和功量进行综合评价;最后对污泥干燥过程与燃煤电站耦合的系统进行热力学分析。结果显示:与发电系统耦合时,在满足换热温差的前提下,风泥比为3.32时的干燥综合能耗为最低;相比案例机组,耦合系统的供电量和供电效率有较大的提升;此外敏感性分析发现,干燥机压损比例的增加会使干燥综合能耗有不同程度的增加;考虑因掺烧污泥导致锅炉效率降低时的供电效率有一定的下降。     

离网式光伏电解制氢系统供电单元设计技术探讨

可再生能源制氢是促进新能源电力消纳、实现零碳氢能的重要方式。与并网制氢模式相比,光伏离网制氢具有成本低、部署灵活的优点。以离网光伏电解水制氢系统为研究对象,对比了光伏并网制氢与光伏离网制氢的不同,讲述了3种制氢电解槽与可再生能源结合的适用性。重点阐述了基于碱性电解水制氢设备的离网制氢系统结构设计、电解槽的光伏直流供电单元设计、制氢辅助系统交流供电单元设计、安全供电控制单元设计,分析了系统设计和控制过程中应重点关注的问题。储能的容量配置方法和双备份的可靠供电方法为离网式光伏制氢系统提供了技术参考。     

Research on encoding and decoding of non-binary polar codes over GF(2m)

Binary Polar Codes (BPCs) have advantages of high-efficiency and capacity-achieving but suffer from large latency due to the Successive-Cancellation List (SCL) decoding. Non-Binary Polar Codes (NBPCs) have been investigated to obtain the performance gains and reduce latency under the implementation of parallel architectures for multi-bit decoding. However, most of the existing works only focus on the Reed-Solomon matrix-based NBPCs and the probability domain-based non-binary polar decoding, which lack flexible structure and have a large computation amount in the decoding process, while little attention has been paid to general non-binary kernel-based NBPCs and Log-Likelihood Ratio (LLR) based decoding methods. In this paper, we consider a scheme of NBPCs with a general structure over GF(2^m). Specifically, we pursue a detailed Monte-Carlo simulation implementation to determine the construction for proposed NBPCs. For non-binary polar decoding, an SCL decoding based on LLRs is proposed for NBPCs, which can be implemented with non-binary kernels of arbitrary size. Moreover, we propose a Perfect Polarization-Based SCL (PPB-SCL) algorithm based on LLRs to reduce decoding complexity by deriving a new update function of path metric for NBPCs and eliminating the path splitting process at perfect polarized (i.e., highly reliable) positions. Simulation results show that the bit error rate of the proposed NBPCs significantly outperforms that of BPCs. In addition, the proposed PPB-SCL decoding obtains about a 40% complexity reduction of SCL decoding for NBPCs.     

电动汽车锂离子电池荷电状态估算方法研究综述

锂离子电池具有循环寿命长、能量密度高、自放电率低、环境污染小等优点,在电动汽车产业中得到广泛应用.电动汽车中的电池管理系统(BMS)可以维护和监测电池状态,确保电池的安全性和可靠性.电池荷电状态(SoC)表示电池中剩余的电量,是BMS的重要参数之一,实时精确的SoC估算可以延长电池寿命,保障行驶安全.然而锂离子电池是一个高度复杂的非线性时变系统,电池寿命、环境温度、电池自放电等许多未知因素均会对估算精度造成影响,使估算难度大大增加.为了满足不同条件下对锂离子电池SoC精确、快速、实时估算的要求,需要对SoC估计算法进行进一步研究与改进.近年来已有相关文献对锂离子电池SoC的估算方法进行了综述,然而已有相关综述对估算方法的总结不够全面且缺少流程表达.该文首先介绍了锂离子电池的工作原理,阐述了影响电池SoC估算的因素;其次,通过总结最新的研究成果对电池SoC估算方法进行了归纳分析,根据各类算法的不同特性将其分为查表法、安时积分法、基于模型的方法、数据驱动的方法以及混合方法五大类,说明了各类估算方法的主要特征并对模型或算法的优缺点进行综合的比较和讨论;最后,对电动汽车中锂离子电池SoC估算方法的未来发展方向做出展望.     

基于Landweber迭代算法的欠采样恢复数字预失真技术

传统宽带数字预失真(DPD)为了更好地矫正功率放大器(PA)非线性特性,通常要求反馈通道带宽达到发送信号带宽的5倍,相应地要求更高采样率的模数转换器(ADC),这将导致数字预失真系统面临着硬件成本和能耗问题.针对这一问题,该文提出一种基于Landweber迭代算法的欠采样恢复(USR)数字预失真(Landweber-USR DPD)技术.这种以内外循环的方式进行处理,可将反馈通道带宽从理论要求的5倍降低至2倍,以良好的质量从欠采样的功放输出信号中恢复全频带的输出信号,使还原出的数据更接近真实的功放输出信号,以实现更好的预失真效果.实验选用基于单管氮化镓(GaN)器件的宽带F类功率放大器,在1.8 GHz工作频点下用5 MHz的长期演进(LTE)信号激励,反馈ADC速率分别设置为全采样速率(40 Msps)和欠采样速率(10 Msps).实验结果充分证明了Landweber迭代算法恢复功放数据的可靠性以及Landweber-USR DPD技术的有效性,为宽带通信系统中数字预失真技术的工程实现提供了有效降低ADC采样率的思路和方法.     

An adaptive interference alignment scheme based on the dynamic selection of desired transmitters for unmanned ship network

Wireless Networks - In the unmanned ship networking scenario, the position of the unmanned ship changes continuously, leading to the result that the desired transmitters and the interference...