柔性晶体管阵列

现在市场上出现了柔性晶体管阵列并且前景诱人，但是在柔性阵列技术进入主流市场之前还要克服不少困难。     

The T1/35kDa family of poxvirus-secreted proteins bind chemokines and modulate leukocyte influx into virus-infected tissues

This article presents the development of a new 82-item rating scale of therapist adherence and competence for supportive-expressive (SE) dynamic psychotherapy for the treatment of cocaine dependence. Sixty-four items are rated for adherence, appropriateness, and quality of prescribed interventions. As part of the pilot/training phase of the National Institute on Drug Abuse Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study, two independent expert judges rated 32 audiotapes of SE therapy sessions with cocaine-dependent patients, 10 tapes of cognitive therapy (CT) sessions, and 10 tapes of individual drug counseling (IDC) sessions. Reliability was acceptable for adherence but poor for quality and appropriateness. SE therapists used more expressive (interpretative) techniques than did either CT therapists or IDC counselors, and they used more supportive techniques than did IDC counselors.     

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-assisted suicide. Caspase 3 activation is primarily the result of the direct action of granzyme B

Cytototoxic T lymphocyte-induced apoptosis can occur either through the directed exocytosis of granzyme B and perforin or via ligation of Fas. Both pathways involve the activation of a family of cysteine proteinases, the caspases, that cleave substrates at aspartic acid and are themselves activated by cleavage at internal aspartate residues. Fas recruits caspase 8, which initiates the death program through the subsequent activation of caspase 3. Granzyme B can process both caspase 8 and 3 in vitro, suggesting that both Fas and granzyme B access the apoptotic program in the same way. Here we demonstrate that although the two mechanisms are similar, the events that lead to activation of caspase 3 can be distinguished in vivo on the basis of their sensitivities to both pharmacological and virus-encoded caspase inhibitors. In cytotoxic T lymphocytes-mediated death the initial cleavage event on caspase 3 is insensitive to benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp fluoromethyl ketone (zVAD-fmk) inhibition in both mouse and human systems. During Fas-mediated death, however, activation of caspase 3 is completely inhibited to zVAD-fmk. In addition, the viral serpin SPI-2, a homologue of cytokine response modifier A (crmA), is an effective inhibitor of the Fas but not the granzyme pathway. Our results demonstrate that whereas Fas-mediated activation of caspase 3 requires an upstream caspase activity that is zVAD-fmk-sensitive, the initial cleavage of caspase 3 during granule-mediated cell death is insensitive to zVAD-fmk, suggesting that caspase 3 is cleaved directly by granzyme B in vivo.     

An examination of factors influencing aggregate electric utility equity return shortfalls

From 1976 to the present, electric utilities have earned returns that were either appreciably less or greater than their allowed equity return. The evidence suggests that equity earnings shortfalls can be explained in large part by inflation levels and changes in demand for electric power, as well as distortions in the regulatory process.     

"Psychosocial outcomes of breast-conserving surgery versus mastectomy: A meta-analytic review": Correction.

Reports an error in the original article by A. Moyer (Health Psychology, 1997, 16[3], 284–298). On page 288, Table 1 contained an error which has implications for some of the data in Table 3 on page 291. Specifically, the study by P. A. Ganz et al (1992), was incorrectly described as a study that randomized patients to treatment, when in fact this study should have been described as not randomized. (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in record 1997-06152-012). Effective breast-conserving surgical techniques for early-stage disease were developed to improve breast cancer patients' quality of life. The literature comparing the psychosocial sequelae of these newer treatments with mastectomy is ambiguous and shows an unexpected lack of substantial benefits. To clarify these inconsistencies, meta-analytic methods were used to summarize the findings of 40 investigations. Mean weighted effect sizes were calculated for 6 psychosocial outcomes. Modest advantages for breast-conserving surgery were identified for psychological, marital-sexual, and social adjustment; body/self-image; and cancer-related fears and concerns. Method of assignment to treatment and timing of assessment were relevant for some outcomes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Diffusion in β2 Fe-Ni-Al alloys

Diffusion in the β(bcc) phase field of the Fe-Ni-Al system was investigated at 1004°C with solid-solid diffusion couples assembled with β₂ alloys of selected composition. Experimental diffusion paths were determined for all couples and interdiffusion coefficients calculated at composition points corresponding to intersections of diffusion paths and maxima and minima of concentration profiles. The dependence of interdiffusion coefficients on composition was most clearly presented in terms of the parameter Fe/(Fe + Ni). The diffusive interactions between aluminum and nickel as represented by the cross coefficients were either positive or negative depending on the ternary composition. The Fe/(Fe + Ni) ratio appeared to be a significant parameter since iron and nickel atoms behave differently in affecting the degree of ordering in nonstoichiometric (Fe, Ni)Al alloys with less than 50 at. pct aluminum.     

Laser transmissometer --a description

A laser transmissometer is described that is suitable for long path atmospheric extinction measurements. The instrument design incorporates several unique features which greatly enhance the signal to noise ratio of the system. These are apodization of the output beam by conical scan, servo controlled beam aiming and automatic beam width measurement at regular intervals. The system is completely automated and utilizes a micro-computer designed by the DRI for data acquistion and servo control.     

Overview of a survey-based system for improving data compatibility in land record systems

The Westport Land Records Project is an interdisciplinary effort by a group of University of Wisconsin (Madison) researchers in collaboration with the Dane County Regional Planning Commission, the Wisconsin State Cartographers Office, and the Economics and Statistics Service of the USDA. The project is concerned with the development of an automated land data base for the township of Westport in Dane County. General project objectives include examination of the usefulness, reliability, cost and required accuracy of a survey-based cadastre. the feasibility of developing such a system within a local government setting, and the determination of public attitudes towards land information held by the populace within the study area. The immediate project tasks (which are the primary focus of this paper) are (1) to develop compatibility among spatial resource records by integrating survey control with existing source data and (2) improve physical data handling techniques. The latter task involves the development of a hardware configuration and the associated software needed to manipulate these spatially referenced data.     

Stoichiometry of Fluorotopaz and of Mullite Made from Fluorotopaz

Mixtures of alumina and silica containing 68–78 wt% alumina react above 600°C with 0.5 mol of SiF₄ per mole of alumina to form fluorotopaz. High-resolution X-ray powder diffraction data were used to determine very accurate cell parameters of fluorotopaz as a function of 1 wt% compositional increments. The samples containing 69–76 wt% A1₂O₃ were found to have a linear cell parameter relationship. Compositions outside that range show discontinuities in the cell parameters, indicating solid solution behavior between 69 and 76 wt% alumina. Within this range the composition of fluorotopaz may be written 2A1₂O₃·_xSiO₂· SiF₄ where 1.07 x 1.53. Pyrolysis of all compositions of fluorotopaz solid solution yields mullite whiskers containing 76.1 wt% alumina (65.2 mol%).