U(Ⅵ)电还原反萃动力学研究——Ⅱ.U(Ⅵ)反萃和U(Ⅳ)萃取动力学

本文在带有阴阳极的恒界面池中研究了HNO_3-N_2H_5NO_3(H_2O)/UO_2(NO_3)_2-HNO_3(30％TBP-煤油)体系在U(Ⅵ)电解还原过程中的U(Ⅵ)反萃和U(Ⅳ)萃取动力学。这是U(Ⅵ)电还原反萃动力学研究的第二步。根据实验结果和数据处理,得到U(Ⅵ)反萃和U(Ⅳ)萃取过程的表观活化能分别为36.02kJ/mol和21.13kJ/mol;U(Ⅵ)反萃和U(Ⅳ)萃取速率随两相搅拌速率的增大而增大;U(Ⅵ)反萃和U(Ⅳ)萃取过程均由扩散控制。随着阴极电位的降低,U(Ⅵ)反萃和U(Ⅳ)萃取速率均增大。     

改进的迭代式TOD混沌跳频序列产生算法

针对周期抽取法构造的混沌跳频序列在均衡性方面缺陷,提出了利用周期抽取与多比特抽取结合法产生迭代式TOD混沌跳频序列,理论分析及仿真结果表明,该方法构造的贝努利随机序列,具有很好的均衡性、动态特性、汉明相关性等性能,相对于多值量化与比特抽取相结合法减少了运算量,便于增加跳频序列的复杂度。     

数字印刷中的色域映射技术研究

本文论述了数字印刷中的色域映射技术,包括色域的计算、裁切、压缩、拓展和应用等,探讨了色域映射的发展过程和方向,分析了数字印刷和色彩管理中常用的色域映射方法,并根据目前的色域映射技术发展方向和特点,提出了色域映射技术在高保真彩色印刷中的应用问题.本文认为,加强对色域映射技术的研究,有助干提高色彩还原质量,是保持数字印刷中色彩传递一致性的重要途径.     

青浦体育馆及训练馆改造工程,上海,中国

上海青浦体育馆、训练馆位于上海青浦区的旧城内,两条城市道路交叉路口的东北侧。建筑面积8100m^2。两个馆均建于1980年代早期。由于年代久远,原有建筑、设施破旧,建筑立面造型存在较大缺陷,不能满足快速发展的城市的要求。政府希望通过这次改造彻底改变原建筑的面貌,同时改善其内部设施,以便为市民提供一个运动健身的场所。     

高压直流线路纵联行波方向保护

行波保护作为直流线路的主保护其应用比较广泛,但由于它是单侧电气量的保护,保护范围需要通过定值整定来确定,且行波保护不能反应于高阻接地故障。文中在对行波传输原理进行分析的基础上,利用区内故障时线路两侧均有反向行波幅值大于正向行波幅值的特点,构成纵联行波方向保护。若线路两端保护的判断结果均为正向故障,则整流侧将迅速移相重启。RTDS仿真表明,所提出的纵联行波方向保护方案能够快速、可靠地识别线路区内外故障,具有整定方便、保护范围明确、能反应于高阻接地故障等优点,可作为直流线路主保护的有益补充。     

特高压直流输电系统的建模与仿真

基于PSCAD/EMTDC仿真软件,建立了特高压直流输电系统模型,详细介绍了特高压系统主电路及核心元件,如换流变压器、滤波器与无功补偿装置、直流传输线。在此基础上,根据华东电网特高压直流输电的系统的实际运行情况,搭建出相应的特高压直流与超高压直流多馈入测试系统。利用该系统对特高压直流系统的不同运行状态进行仿真实验,并针对特高压直流系统的几种典型故障测试进行仿真测试,将测试结果与特高压直流现场数据进行对比分析,结果表明该模型能很好地反映特高压直流输电系统的真实运行情况。     

槟榔果及其制品中总酚和单宁含量的测定

以分光光度法对槟榔果果实及其加工后制品中的总酚、缩合单宁和原花青素进行了测定.结果表明,不同槟榔青果间酚类物质含量差异明显,榔玉的酚类物质含量远高于槟榔青果和槟榔外壳.经加工后的槟榔制品中,酚类物质含量明显减少.     

喷墨打印系统中墨滴在涂布纸上成像机理的研究

在深入研究纸张涂层结构的基础上,根据多相流离散相的流体动力学方程,研究和分析喷墨成像系统中墨滴喷射飞行的物理现象,进而准确计算和预测墨滴与承印物接触前的能量分布;然后从墨滴成像过程能量转换的角度,结合其流体动力学条件,研究了墨滴与纸张涂层表面碰撞、渗透、扩散和铺展的作用机理,为解决喷墨印刷成像体系中的网点增大问题及提高喷墨印刷成像质量提供一定的科学理论依据。     

OPTIMIZATION OF EMULSIFICATION AND MICROENCAPSULATION OF EVENING PRIMROSE OIL AND ITS OXIDATIVE STABILITY DURING STORAGE BY RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

ABSTRACT

Microencapsulation is a technique by which small droplets of liquid or solid particles are coated with a thin film of wall materials to protect susceptible ingredients in food products to assure their quality or effectiveness. Microencapsulation of liquid lipid into powdery matrixes of wall materials includes two unit operations: emulsification of the lipid with an aqueous solution of wall material and drying of the emulsion. The effects of hydrophile–lipophile balance (HLB) value, emulsifier content and oil content on the evening primrose oil‐in‐water emulsion stability were studied by response surface methodology (RSM). The HLB value, emulsifier content and oil content all had significant effects on the emulsion stability (P < 0.05). Of them, the HLB value and emulsifier content contributed more effects than the oil content. The optimized HLB value, emulsifier content and oil content were used to mix with wall materials: gum arabic (GA), maltodextrin (MD) and/or sodium caseinate (NaC). The oil was encapsulated with these materials individually or in combination by spray‐drying, and their oxidative stability during storage was compared. The microcapsules with a single wall material were relatively susceptible to oxidation than those with multiple wall materials. The most desirable composition of the mixture of GA, MD and NaC by RSM was 17.2, 75 and 7.8%, respectively.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

Response surface methodology (RSM) provided a valuable means to help us understand the relative or interactive effects of three important parameters: HLB value, emulsifier content and oil content on the emulsion stability of the oil‐in‐water (o/w) system. The information obtained would be useful for the preparation of similar o/w emulsion system as needed in some product development for foods. In addition, the effects of gum arabic, maltodextrin and sodium caseinate on the oxidative stability of microencapsulated oil were also studied by RSM. The results revealed the relative or interactive effects of these materials and gave the optimal conditions in minimizing the oxidative instability in this study. Since these wall materials are readily available and widely used in a variety of products, the information provided by this study would be useful for product‐developing professionals to use these materials more efficiently in terms of obtaining optimal microencapsulated products against lipid oxidation and cost effectiveness.     

壳聚糖和棘托竹荪菌丝体提取液 对牛肝菌保鲜效果研究

对壳聚糖、棘托竹荪菌丝体提取液对牛肝菌的保鲜效果进行了研究,采用A单一壳聚糖处理、B单一棘托竹荪菌丝体提取液处理、C聚糖-棘托竹荪菌丝体提取液复合处理和CK空白对照4组处理,在常温下测定了牛肝菌的失重率、硬度、褐变度、呼吸强度、可溶性固形物、细胞膜完整性等生理生化指标变化情况,所有的处理中只有硬度变化上A处理效果要差于空白对照,其余实验样品各项指标均好于对照,其中C处理的保鲜效果最好。结果表明：聚糖-棘托竹荪菌丝体提取液复合保鲜剂对牛肝菌的保鲜效果较好,结合了壳聚糖的成膜性以及竹荪菌丝体提取液抑菌性的双重优势,有效的抑制了牛肝菌的蒸腾作用、呼吸作用及营养成分的过度损失,可将牛肝菌保鲜3～5d。