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61.
We investigate a biologically inspired design of an interface agent that is embedded inside human-artifact interactions rather
than as an external observer, and has to work as an intelligent associate for a human user/operator in a time-critical situation
like in an emergency. First, recent paradigmatic shifts of artifact design principles are discussed from an interdisciplinary
viewpoint. Then, after the idea of Clancey’s activity modeling, we discuss the design principles of a situated interface agent.
That is, different from the conventional supervisory agent’s task of seeking to optimize an isolated control task, such an
agent has to be able to maintain its identity as an organism living within multiple contexts and looking inwards to consider
the the nature of memory and perception, and looking outwards to consider the nature of social action with a human operator.
Initially, our prior work using such a design principle is presented, and then decision-theoretic formulations of an interface
agent’s activities are provided.
This work was presented, in part, at the Third International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January
19–21, 1998 相似文献
62.
Fujiwara Osamu 《电子科学学刊(英文版)》2008,25(3):384-388
Characteristic measurement of contact discharge currents are made through a hand-held metal rod from charged human body. Correlation coefficients are obtained, through Statistic Package for Social Science (SPSS), for various charge voltages, which is based on the effect test of electrode contact approach speeds on discharge current parameters of current peaks, maximum rising slope and spark lengths. Discharge parameters at charge voltage 300V are independent on approach speed. For charge voltages equal to and higher than 500V, the contact approach speed has strong positive correlation with discharge parameters of the peak current and the maximum rising slope, whereas has strong negative correlation with the spark length. 相似文献
63.
Shimizu M Adachi S Masuda M Kozawa O Moriwaki H 《Molecular nutrition & food research》2011,55(6):832-843
Recent studies indicate that receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), which play important roles in cell proliferation, are one of the possible targets of green tea catechins (GTCs) in cancer cell growth inhibition. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major catechin in green tea, inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in various types of cancer cells, including colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma cells, by blocking the activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of RTKs. EGCG inhibits the activation of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and VEGFR2, the other members of the RTK family, and this effect is also associated with the anticancer and chemopreventive properties of this agent. EGCG suppresses the activation of EGFR in part by altering membrane lipid organization and causing the subsequent inhibition of the dimerization and activation of this receptor. Preliminary trials have shown that GTCs successfully prevent the development and progression of precancerous lesions, such as colorectal adenomas, without causing severe adverse effects. The present report reviews evidence indicating that GTCs exert anticancer and chemopreventive effects by inhibiting the activation of specific RTKs, especially EGFR, IGF-1R, and VEGFR2, and concludes that targeting RTKs and their related signaling pathways by using tea catechins could be a promising strategy for the prevention of human cancers. 相似文献
64.
Samsur M Takatani T Yamaguchi Y Sagara T Noguchi T Arakawa O 《Shokuhin eiseigaku zasshi. Journal of the Food Hygienic Society of Japan》2007,48(1):13-18
The paralytic shellfish poison (PSP)-producing dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum (Gc) was fed to the short-necked clam Tapes japonica, and the accumulation, transformation and elimination profiles of PSP were investigated by means of high-performance liquid chromatography with postcolumn fluorescence derivatization (HPLC-FLD). The short-necked clams ingested most of the Gc cells (4 x 10(6) cells) supplied as a bolus at the beginning of the experiment, and accumulated a maximal amount of toxin (181 nmol/10 clams) after 12 hr. The rate of toxin accumulation at that time was 16%, which rapidly decreased thereafter. During the rearing period, a variation in toxin composition, derived presumably from the transformation of toxin analogues in the clams, was observed, including a reversal of the ratio of C2 to C1, and the appearance of carbamate (gonyautoxin (GTX) 2, 3) and decarbamoyl (dc) derivatives (decarbamoylsaxitoxin (dcSTX) and dcGTX2, 3), which were undetectable in Gc cells. The total amount of toxin contained in clams and residue (remaining Gc cells and/or excrement in the rearing tank) gradually declined, and only about 1% of the supplied toxin was detected at the end of the experiment. 相似文献
65.
Elisabete Yurie Sataque Ono Marcelo da Silva Elisabete Hiromi Hashimoto Édio Vizoni Osamu Kawamura Yoshitsugu Sugiura 《Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment》2013,30(11):1392-1399
Based on fungal and fumonisin contamination of 870 freshly harvested samples, the quality of corn used by processing industries in the Northern region of Paraná State, Brazil (2003 and 2004 crop-year) was evaluated. Sampling was carried out for each crop at two points in the production chain, i.e. at reception by the processors and at the pre-drying step. Corn samples were more frequently contaminated with Fusarium sp. (100%) and Penicillium sp. (84.1–95.3%) than Aspergillus sp. (5.6–19.8%). Fumonisin B1 (FB1) was detected in all samples from the two points in both crop-years. FB1 levels ranged 0.02–11.83 µg g?1 in the reception and 0.02–10.98 µg g?1 in the pre-drying samples of the 2003 crop. Samples from the 2004 crop showed FB1 levels ranging 0.03–12.04 µg g?1 in the reception and 0.06–7.74 µg g?1 in the pre-drying samples. FB2 levels ranged 0.02–5.25 µg g?1 in the reception and 0.01–7.89 µg g?1 in the pre-drying samples (2003 crop-year). In samples from the 2004 crop, FB2 levels ranged 0.02–6.12 µg g?1 in the reception and 0.05–3.47 µg g?1 in the pre-drying samples. Low fumonisin levels were detected in most corn samples used by processors in the Northern region of Paraná State, showing a decreasing trend in fumonisin contamination over the years. 相似文献
66.
67.
A switched reluctance (SR) motor has a doubly salient pole structure. The performance of the SR motor strongly depends on the magnetic properties of the core material, since it consists only of an iron core and copper windings. This study experimentally evaluates the performance of an SR motor made of permendur (Fe–49% Co alloy), which has very high saturation flux density and low core loss. Two types of SR motors that have the same dimensions but different core materials are used: one motor is made of the conventional nonoriented Si steel, and the other is made of permendur. Comparison of the characteristics of the two motors shows that the performance of the permendur SR motor surpasses that of the conventional one in terms of output power and efficiency. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 187(1): 51–57, 2014; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.22431 相似文献
68.
Maksudul M. Alam Osamu Ito Naoki Sakurar Hiroshi Moriyama 《Fullerenes, Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures》2013,21(6):1007-1024
Abstract Efficient electron-transfer reactions from three kind of tetraselenafulvalenes (TSeF's) to photoexcited triplet state of C60 or C70 in polar solvents have been confirmed by transient absorption spectroscopy observing the decay of 3C60*/3C70* and rise of C60 ??/C70 ??. Growth of single crystal seems to be stimulated by laser irradiation of the solution containing C60 and bis(ethylenedithio)tetraselena-fulvalene (BEDT-TSeF), in which C60 ?? was effectively formed. 相似文献
69.
Ken Saito Kazuto Okazaki Tatsuya Ogiwara Minami Takato Katsutoshi Saeki Yoshifumi Sekine Fumio Uchikoba 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》2014,186(3):43-50
This paper presents the locomotion control of a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) microrobot. The MEMS microrobot demonstrates locomotion control by pulse‐type hardware neural networks (P‐HNN). P‐HNN generate oscillatory patterns of electrical activity like those of living organisms. The basic component of P‐HNN is a pulse‐type hardware neuron model (P‐HNM). The P‐HNM has the same basic features as biological neurons, such as the threshold, the refractory period, and spatiotemporal summation characteristics, and allows the generation of continuous action potentials. P‐HNN has been constructed with MOSFETs and can be integrated by CMOS technology. Like living organisms, P‐HNN has realized robot control without using software programs or A/D converters. The size of the microrobot fabricated by MEMS technology was 4 × 4 × 3.5 mm. The frame of the robot was made of a silicon wafer, equipped with rotary actuators, link mechanisms, and six legs. The MEMS microrobot emulated the locomotion method and the neural networks of an insect by rotary actuators, link mechanisms, and the P‐HNN. We show that the P‐HNN can control the forward and backward locomotion of the fabricated MEMS microrobot, and that it is possible to switch its direction by inputting an external trigger pulse. The locomotion speed was 19.5 mm/min and the step size was 1.3 mm. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 186(3): 43–50, 2014; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.22473 相似文献
70.
Norihisa Saeki Hiromi Sakamoto Teruhiko Yoshida 《International journal of molecular sciences》2014,15(5):7958-7973
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the major malignant diseases worldwide, especially in Asia. It is classified into intestinal and diffuse types. While the intestinal-type GC (IGC) is almost certainly caused by Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, its role in the diffuse-type GC (DGC) appears limited. Recently, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on Japanese and Chinese populations identified chromosome 1q22 as a GC susceptibility locus which harbors mucin 1 gene (MUC1) encoding a cell membrane-bound mucin protein. MUC1 has been known as an oncogene with an anti-apoptotic function in cancer cells; however, in normal gastric mucosa, it is anticipated that the mucin 1 protein has a role in protecting gastric epithelial cells from a variety of external insults which cause inflammation and carcinogenesis. HP infection is the most definite insult leading to GC, and a protective function of mucin 1 protein has been suggested by studies on Muc1 knocked-out mice. 相似文献