Preparation of fluoroacrylate nanocopolymer by miniemulsion polymerization used in textile finishing

Latex based on fluoroacrylate (TAN) and other comonomers was prepared via miniemulsion polymerization in the presence of stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (STAC) and 2, 2′‐azobis (2‐amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (ABAP) as a water soluble initiator. Light transmittance studies demonstrated that the light transmittance of prepared emulsions increases with the amount of TAN, STAC, cosolvent DPM, and hydrophobe DM. Given suitable reaction temperature and quantities of TAN, STAC, DPM, and DM, a copolymer emulsion of fluoroacylate with a particle size of 50 nm was produced. The water repellency tested on polyester fabrics displayed greater effectiveness than that of commercial products with higher fluorine content. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 1466–1472, 2004     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定高纯石英粉中痕量钙

系统地研究了用空气——乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱分析法测定高纯石英粉中钙的最佳条件，建立了14％的乙醇作为增感剂，在2％盐酸介质中，0．4％ LaCl3溶液作为释放剂，用塞曼火焰原子吸收法测定的可行性方案，探讨了共存元素对钙的干扰及其消除。方法操作简便快速，干扰少，方法相对标准偏差小于3％，适用于日常分析石英粉中的杂质。     

热塑性复合材料用混纤预浸料特征

本文对热塑性复合材料用预浸料的结构及其在复合材料成型加工中的浸渍性能进行分析.     

2,6-二氯-3-甲基苯胺合成新工艺

通过n-乙酰化保护氨基，氯磺酸与氨水反应在氨基对位形成磺酰胺阻塞基团，再经脱乙酰基，氯化，水解脱阻塞基团，合成2，6-二氯-3-甲基苯胺得到目标产物。与经典文献方法相比，用盐酸代替氢氧化钠脱除乙酰基，用氯酸钠和浓盐酸代替双氧水和浓盐酸或氯气的氯化方法，合成过程中省略了中间产物的分离步骤，以间甲苯胺计总摩尔收率从20％提高到了60．8％，产品纯度大于99．5％。     

Selective oxidation of styrenes under oxygen catalyzed by cobalt chloride

The cobalt(II) chloride-catalyzed oxidative cleavage of -methylstyrene with oxygen in t-BuOH gives acetophenone and formaldehyde in good yield. The competing reactions between C=C cleavage and formation of polymeric products are strongly affected by the solvent, cobalt catalyst and concentration used, as well as the reaction temperature. A free radical mechanism involving a cyclic peroxide intermediate is proposed to give the cleavage products. Oxidation of various alkenes using CoCl₂/t-BuOH/O₂ system shows that only activated styrenes can be oxidized effectively. The reactivity of various styrenes and their selectivity towards giving cleavage products or polymers are strongly influenced by the electronic and steric properties of the substrate.     

20＂通径中压球阀的设计和三维数值模拟

介绍了通径为20＂（1＂=25．4mm）的大口径中压球阀阀体、新型C形金属密封环组件等的结构设计；在阀座与球体之间采用整体碟形弹簧和新型阀座密封填料，以保证高压密封，提高使用寿命；阀芯采用空心球体结构和分段冲压成形加工工艺，有效地保证了球体的加工精度和质量，降低了生产成本；在结构设计中，充分考虑了球阀的密封、防火、启闭传动及制造工艺的要求；对其中结构复杂的球阀阀体和空心球形阀芯进行了强度计算和ANSYS应力、应变模拟分析计算，二者计算结果一致，并认为阀体的厚度由其大开孔处局部应力的整体补强确定。     

大型机械轴承相对标高测试系统

介绍了一种使用连通管、电涡流传感器测量轴承相对标高的测试系统,它能准确测量大型机械相邻轴承的相对标高变化.文中叙述了其测量原理、特点以及系统的硬件电路和软件设计,最后给出一个测试实例,并对测量结果进行了简要分析.     

熔块中的气泡缺陷及其解决办法

分析了熔块生产中气泡缺陷产生的各种原因．提出了实际生产中的注意事项和具体的解决办法。     

Effect of Pretreatment Atmosphere on CuO/TiO2 Activities in NO + CO Reaction

Using TiO₂ as carrier, CuO/TiO₂ catalysts with different CuO loading were prepared by the impregnation method. The catalytic activities in NO+CO reaction were examined with a micro-reactor gas chromatography reaction system and the methods of TPR, XPS and NO-TPD. It was found that the catalytic activities were affected by pretreatment atmosphere, i.e. H₂ atmosphere > reduction–reoxidation > 10%CO/He > reaction gas (fresh sample). NO decomposition was better by low-valence Cu species than by high-valence Cu species, i.e. Cu⁰>Cu⁺>Cu²⁺. The XPS results indicated that Cu species on CuO/TiO₂ were Cu⁰, Cu⁺, normal Cu²⁺(Cu²⁺(I)) and chain-structured Cu²⁺(Cu²⁺(II)) as –Cu–O–Ti–O–. The activities of Cu²⁺(II) were much higher than that of Cu²⁺(I), but both species were very unstable in the reaction atmosphere and easily reduced by CO, which accounted for the variable activities of fresh catalysts with increasing reaction temperature. In NO+CO reaction, the redox process was a cycle of Cu⁺–Cu²⁺(I) at low reaction temperature but was a cycle of Cu⁰–Cu⁺ at high reaction temperature. As shown by NO-TPD, high catalytic activities could be attributed to the following factors, e.g. oxygen caves on the catalyst’s surface after pretreatment with H₂ and reduction–reoxidation, formation of Cu⁰ after pretreatment with H₂, and increment of Cu species dispersion and formation of Cu²⁺(II) after pretreatment with reduction–reoxidation.     

细胞固定化催化生产精细化学品的研究进展Q

摘要：细胞固定化技术具有流程简单、生物相容、操作稳定等优点，可有效保证细胞活性，实现高效的细胞催化生产精细化学品。本文介绍了表面附着、凝胶包埋、聚电解质层层自组装膜等多细胞固定化方法，及其在二元醇、生物乙醇、乳酸、酯、多糖等精细化学品生产中的研究现状和进展，并分析讨论了各种方法存在的问题。同时，总结了近年来新发展的单细胞纳米涂层固定化方法的机理、趋势及应用于精细化学品生产的可能性。最后对细胞固定化催化生产精细化学品面临的技术挑战及研究方向做出展望，以期为精细化学品生产提供一定的技术支持。