Nanocarrier-Loaded Imidaclothiz Promotes Plant Uptake and Decreases Pesticide Residue

There is a great demand for improving the effective utilization of pesticides and reducing their application for sustainable agriculture, and polymeric nanoparticles have provided strong technical support for the efficient delivery of pesticides. To this context, we tried to construct a relatively safe imidaclothiz nano-delivery system for enhanced plant uptake, reduced pesticide residue and improved bioactivity toward green peach aphids. The imidaclothiz could be assembled with the hydrophobic core of SPc through hydrophobic association, which led to the self-assembly of nanoscale imidaclothiz/SPc complex consisting of nearly spherical particles. The SPc decreased the contact angle of imidaclothiz drops and remarkably increased the plant uptake. Furthermore, the bioactivity and control efficacy of imidaclothiz were significantly improved with the help of SPc in both laboratory and field. Excitingly, the residue of imidaclothiz decreased with the help of SPc 7 d after the treatment due to the faster degradation of nanoscale imidaclothiz/SPc complex, which exhibited no negative effects on agronomic traits of tobacco plants. The current study successfully constructed a nano-delivery system for imidaclothiz, which can not only increase the effective utilization of pesticides, but also decrease the pesticide residue.     

High-pseudocapacitance of porous and square NiO@NC nanosheets for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

Layered nickel oxides have been focused with intense research interests as high-performance lithium-ion batterie(LIB) anode.However,it is hard to obtain few layered nickel oxides material directly as it easily forms bulk material with the strong interaction between the interlayer.In this work,two-dimensional(2 D) nickel-based coordination polymers were successfully prepared according to aqueous phase copolymerization approach.And then uniform carbondoped NiO nanosheets were successfully obtained from facile solution assembly and post-thermal treatment.The detailed electrochemical testing shows that the uniform NiO nanocrystals encapsulated into porous N-doped carbon(NiO@NC) nanosheets present much higher rate capability with the discharge specific capacity of 782.7 mAh·g~(-1) at high current density of 2.0 A·g~(-1) than pure NiO(690 mAh·g~(-1)).It also shows long-term cycling performance with 91 % retention after 50 cycles at 1.0 A·g~(-1).The high rate capability,cycling stability and the easy synthesis make NiO@NC nanosheets as a promising candidate for LIB anode and build up new way for the fabrication of metal oxides anode materials.     

高铁赤泥中铝的赋存状态及铝铁分离技术研究

针对拜耳法高铁赤泥无害化处置与资源化利用难题,研究了高铁赤泥中铝的赋存状态及其对铝铁分离的影响。借助XRD、铁化学物相分析、SEM-EDS等检测手段,主要关注高铁赤泥的化学组成、矿物组成以及铝的赋存状态等工艺矿物学特征。赤泥的主要组成矿物为褐铁矿、赤铁矿和铝针铁矿和钛铁矿。查明赤泥中的铁主要以针铁矿、赤铁矿的形式存在;铝主要以类质同象存在于针铁矿中,形成铝针铁矿,部分以三水铝石的形式存在,铁铝共生关系密切。赋存于针铁矿中的铝采用常规物理分选方法无法实现铝铁分离,利用磁化焙烧和悬浮焙烧预还原-电炉熔炼工艺分别尝试对高铁赤泥进行铝铁分离,磁化焙烧能够实现赤铁矿、针铁矿向磁铁矿的定向转化,但不能有效破坏铁矿物中铝的类质同象结构,无法实现铝和铁的分离,导致磁选铁精矿中TFe品位低、Al2O3含量高;悬浮焙烧预还原-电炉熔炼工艺能有效实现高铁赤泥的铁铝分离与综合利用,当原料TFe品位为46.85%、Al2O3含量为13.31%时,可获得TFe 92.86%的炼钢用生铁,同时所得到的矿渣产品可以作为生产铝酸盐水泥熟料的原料。可见,悬浮焙烧预还原-电炉熔炼工艺可以有效破坏矿石内部铝和铁类质同象的晶格结构,实现了铝铁的高效分离,为高铁赤泥的无害化处置与资源化利用提供了新途径。     

基于能量的判别暂态功角和电压主导性模糊判据

明确电力系统暂态主导失稳模式有助于控制措施的决策。基于暂态能量函数建立指标体系,并利用模糊综合评价法提出判别主导失稳模式的模糊判据。首先,利用系统不同暂态失稳状态的能量变化量,建立反映系统的功角失稳与电压失稳的能量指标体系;其次,结合模糊数学理论,利用熵权法计算指标权重,进而得到主导失稳模式的模糊判据;之后,利用两机单负荷系统暂态失稳算例,得到0-1范围内的模糊判据值域;最后,在某地区实际架构的“之”型网络中,利用模糊判据判断并验证暂态主导失稳模式。实验结果表明：除了在强耦合失稳情况下,模糊判据的判别结果可靠,对耦合失稳场景的控制措施具有指导作用。     

Maternal Prenatal Inflammation Increases Brain Damage Susceptibility of Lipopolysaccharide in Adult Rat Offspring via COX-2/PGD-2/DPs Pathway Activation

A growing body of research suggests that inflammatory insult contributes to the etiology of central nervous system diseases, such as depression, Alzheimer’s disease, and so forth. However, the effect of prenatal systemic inflammation exposure on offspring brain development and cerebral susceptibility to inflammatory insult remains unknown. In this study, we utilized the prenatal inflammatory insult model in vivo and the neuronal damage model in vitro. The results obtained show that prenatal maternal inflammation exacerbates LPS-induced memory impairment, neuronal necrosis, brain inflammatory response, and significantly increases protein expressions of COX-2, DP2, APP, and Aβ, while obviously decreasing that of DP1 and the exploratory behaviors of offspring rats. Meloxicam significantly inhibited memory impairment, neuronal necrosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response, and down-regulated the expressions of APP, Aβ, COX-2, and DP2, whereas significantly increased exploring behaviors and the expression of DP1 in vivo. Collectively, these findings suggested that maternal inflammation could cause offspring suffering from inflammatory and behavioral disorders and increase the susceptibility of offspring to cerebral pathological factors, accompanied by COX-2/PGD-2/DPs pathway activation, which could be ameliorated significantly by COX-2 inhibitor meloxicam treatment.     

Nanoscale Calculation of Proton-Induced DNA Damage Using a Chromatin Geometry Model with Geant4-DNA

Monte Carlo simulations can quantify various types of DNA damage to evaluate the biological effects of ionizing radiation at the nanometer scale. This work presents a study simulating the DNA target response after proton irradiation. A chromatin fiber model and new physics constructors with the ELastic Scattering of Electrons and Positrons by neutral Atoms (ELSEPA) model were used to describe the DNA geometry and the physical stage of water radiolysis with the Geant4-DNA toolkit, respectively. Three key parameters (the energy threshold model for strand breaks, the physics model and the maximum distance to distinguish DSB clusters) of scoring DNA damage were studied to investigate the impact on the uncertainties of DNA damage. On the basis of comparison of our results with experimental data and published findings, we were able to accurately predict the yield of various types of DNA damage. Our results indicated that the difference in physics constructor can cause up to 56.4% in the DNA double-strand break (DSB) yields. The DSB yields were quite sensitive to the energy threshold for strand breaks (SB) and the maximum distance to classify the DSB clusters, which were even more than 100 times and four times than the default configurations, respectively.     

水压图教学实验台的研制及实验分析

介绍了水压图教学实验台的构成,通过调节阀门进行了不同水力工况下同程式和异程式管网的水压图实验。