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51.
In this study, distribution and history of residual stresses in plaque-like geometries are simulated based on linear thermoviscoelastic
model, which helps to understand the mechanics and evolution of the residual stresses in the injection molding process. The
numerical calculation of direction, combined with the specified boundary conditions. Results show that the stress variation
across the thickness exhibits a high surface tensile value changing to a compressive peak value close to the surface, with
the core region experiencing a parabolic tensile peak. Residual stress distribution throughout the thickness is almost same
along the flowpath and the final residual stresses value near the gate is lower than the value near the end of flowpath. 相似文献
52.
53.
M. Del C. Ruiz J. A. González J. B. Rivarola 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B》2004,35(3):439-448
The mechanism and kinetics of β-Ta2O5 chlorination, mixed with sucrose carbon, have been studied by a thermogravimetric technique. The investigated temperature
range was 500 °C to 850 °C. The reactants and reaction residues were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray
diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method for surface area (BET). The effect of various experimental parameters
was studied, such as carbon percentage, temperature, chlorine partial pressure, and flow, use of the multiple sample method,
and carbon previous oxidation. The carbon percentage and previous treatment have an effect on the system reactivity. The temperature
has a marked effect on the reaction rate. In the 500 °C to 600 °C temperature interval, the apparent activation energy is
144 kJ/mol of oxide, while at higher temperatures, the activation energy decreases. With high chorine partial pressures, the
order of reaction is near zero. The kinetic contractile plate model, X=kt, considering carbon oxidation as the controlling stage, is the one with the best fit to the experimental data. A probable
mechanism for the carbochlorination of β-Ta2O5 is proposed: (1) activation of chlorine on the carbon surface, (2) chlorination of Ta2O5, (3) oxidation of carbon, and (4) recrystallization of β-Ta2O5. 相似文献
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56.
Gülü Insel Derin Orhon Peter A Vanrolleghem 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2003,78(4):437-445
Hydrolysis mechanism plays a dominant role in the delicate balance of electron donor/electron acceptor ratios in BNR and EBPR systems as an important carbon source. In this study, the surface‐saturation‐type hydrolysis kinetics was investigated based on respirometric measurements, within the context of the theoretical and the practical identifiability of mathematical models. The identifiable parameters of a selected model were derived from respirograms. In addition, the information from the experiments was evaluated on the basis of Optimal Experimental Design (OED) methodology for different initial conditions of the batch respirometric experiment. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
57.
The effects of glycol methacrylate as a dehydrating agent on the dimensional changes of liver tissue
The dimensional changes of liver sections during the course of processing with glycol methacrylate (GMA) or with ethanol are described. Tissue processing with ethanol served as a control. During prolonged processing steps (24 h each), linear shrinkage of tissue specimens dehydrated with GMA at room temperature was 13.2%. Subsequent infiltration with GMA resulted in trivial swelling, and polymerization in slight shrinkage (2.3%). In comparison, processing with cold GMA resulted in shrinkage during dehydration (about 10.8%), a slight swelling in pure GMA, followed by shrinkage during polymerization (2.2%). Short routine processing schedules resulted in similar shrinkage/swelling patterns, although precise values differed slightly. In all experiments, ethanolic dehydration resulted in smaller dimensional tissue changes than did GMA dehydration. The dimensional changes of tissue sections during stretching on water, mounting and drying compensated for the major part of the shrinkage manifested during processing. 相似文献
58.
59.
This paper reports the findings of a detailed study of Web-based systems design (WBSD) practices in Ireland based on data
collected over a 3-year period (2002–2005), the objectives of which were to (1) contribute towards a richer understanding
of the current “real-world” context of WBSD by characterising the profile of a typical project (team size, timeframe, nature
of requirements, etc.) and identifying the key challenges, constraints, and imperatives (i.e. “mediating factors”) faced by
Web-based system designers, and (2) understand how those contextual parameters and mediating factors influence the activity
of WBSD as regards the selection and enactment of whatever design practices are therefore engaged (i.e. the use of methods,
procedures, etc.). Data was gathered through a survey which yielded 165 usable responses, and later through a series of semi-structured
qualitative interviews. Using grounded theory, an explanatory conceptual framework is derived, based on an extension of the
“method-in-action” model, the application of which to WBSD has not been previously investigated in depth. It is proposed that
this framework of WBSD issues is valuable in a number of ways to educators, researchers, practitioners, and method engineers. 相似文献
60.