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91.
PURPOSE: Nitric oxide (NO) is generated in mammalian tissue by the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline. The reaction is catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). NO has been suggested to have a dual role in tumor biology with both antitumor and tumor promoter activity. Furthermore, it has been proposed that NO contributes to interleukin-2-induced antitumor activity. Since interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) it was of interest to study the NOS activity in the human kidney and in RCC and its correlation to tumor grade. Furthermore, the effect of cytokine treatment on NOS activity and the effect of NO donor application was studied in cultured cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The effect of cytokine treatment on NOS activity and the effect of NO donor application on cell proliferation was studied in cultured human proximal tubular cells and in RCC cell lines HN4 and HN51. NOS activity was measured by the L-arginine to L-citrulline conversion assay. RESULTS: Calcium-dependent NOS activity was found in all non-malignant kidney tissues (486+/-63 pmol. min(-1) g(-1) tissue). The activity was significantly lower in RCC (24+/-6 pmol. min(-1) g(-1) tissue) and correlated with tumor grade; thus high grade tumors showed lower activity than low grade tumors. Calcium-independent NOS activity was not detected in non-malignant kidney tissue or in RCC tissue. In cultured proximal tubular cells and RCC cell lines HN4 and HN51, cytokine treatment induced a marked increase in NOS activity and NO exerted cytostatic effects on these cell lines. Conclusions: The NOS activity was higher in non-malignant kidney tissue than in RCC tissue and was inversely correlated with tumor grade. Furthermore, cytokine treatment induced a marked increase in NOS activity and NO exerted cytostatic effects on cultured proximal tubular cells and RCC cell lines. 相似文献
92.
Chemical reactions between aluminum and fly ash during synthesis and reheating of Al-fly ash composite 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Thermodynamic analysis indicates that there is the possibility of chemical reactions between aluminum melt and cenosphere
fly ash particles. These particles contain alumina, silica, and iron oxide, which, during solidification processing of aluminum-fly
ash composites or during holding of such composites at temperatures above the melting temperature of aluminum, are likely
to undergo chemical reduction. These chemical reactions between the fly ash and molten aluminum have been studied by metallographic
examination, differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX)
and X-ray analysis after holding the aluminum-fly ash composites for different periods above the liquidus temperature. The
experiments indicate that there is progressive reduction of silica and mullite in the fly ash, and formation of alumina with
holding time of composites at a temperature of 850 °C. The walls of the cenosphere fly ash particles progressively disintegrate
into discrete particles as the reaction progresses. The rate of chemical reaction was high at the start of holding the composite
at a temperature of 850 °C, and then the rate significantly decreased with time. The reaction was almost complete after 10
hours. 相似文献
93.
Li Xi Zuoyan Peng Wei Fan Kui Guo Gu Jianmin Muyu Zhao Wu Guoqiang 《Materials Science and Engineering: B》1996,40(2-3):147-152
SrMgxTi1 - xO3 nanocrystals (x = 0.1–0.6) were synthesized by the stearic acid gel method. Powder samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron (XP) spectroscopy. The results showed that the lattice parameter a and the O 1s XP spectrum changed not only with the Mg content x but also with the grain size d of the samples. The conductivity of a thick film specimen fabricated on an aluminium oxide wafer was investigated in a nitrogen—oxygen atmosphere. 相似文献
94.
95.
本文提出了激光功能微调技术在高精度混合集成电路上的应用,讨论了关键技术问题,并以实例具体说明。该技术的应用为研制高精度混合集成电路开辟了新途径。 相似文献
96.
椭球反射镜膜厚均匀性 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
本文分析了椭球反射镜膜层厚度均匀性对反射率的影响,从理论上得到膜厚计算公式。根据计算的膜厚分布设计了遮蔽板,获得较好的反射特性。 相似文献
97.
采用电子探针,图象分析仪、差质变分析仪和X射线衍仪定量研究了Ni在球铁中的分布和Ni铸态球铁组成相比例奥氏体中含碳量以及贝氏体转变TTT曲线线的影响,结果表明,Ni在球铁中呈连续负偏析,其加入可以影响球铁组成上比例,并使粤氏体中含碳量和贝氏体转变孕育期期增加。 相似文献
98.
Shao -Yun Fu Guo -Xin Sui Shi -Hong Li Ben -Lian Zhou 《Journal of Materials Science》1996,31(16):4415-4421
A simple micromechanical model based primarily upon the rule-of-mixtures is developed which allows prediction of the effects of fibre preload on the ply stresses (i.e., the initial residual stresses of fibre, adhesive and matrix) induced within VIRALL laminates, and the tensile stress-strain curves and mechanical properties of VIRALL laminates. The analysis of the ply stresses of VIRALL laminates indicates that pre-stressing will dramatically influence the ply stresses. The predicted tensile stress-strain curves of VIRALL laminates are in good agreement with the experimental curves and the results show that the stress-strain curves of VIRALL laminates move upwards when the prestress increases. The predicted tensile mechanical properties of VIRALL laminates at room temperature show good agreement with those obtained experimentally; both show that prestress can improve the tensile properties (i.e., elastic limit strength, 0.2% yield strength and failure strength) of VIRALL laminates. 相似文献
99.
介绍了液体通过核孔膜规律方面取得的新认识,包括:(1)纯净液体通过核孔膜的规律;(2)核孔膜测定液体粘滞系数的各种方法;(3)各种物质溶液浓度的核孔膜测定;(4)液相混合物快速分离和化学分离;(5)流体中固体微粒对核孔膜的堵塞及其公式;(6)用核孔膜滤除液中各各斩规律。 相似文献
100.
用电刷镀的方法,对尺寸为2000mm×1000mm×0.8mm 的 A_3钢板电刷镀锌保护层;并对影响镀锌层质量的因素进行了充分的研究。 相似文献