A new representation of systems with frictional unilateral constraints and its Baumgarte-like relaxation

This paper proposes a new representation of multibody mechanical systems involving three-dimensional frictional unilateral constraints. The new representation is of the form of a differential algebraic inclusion (DAI) employing a normal cone with a non-Euclidean, singular norm metric. It can be seen as a generalization of a differential algebraic equation (DAE) using Lagrange multipliers, which has been used to represent mechanical systems with equality constraints. The paper also presents an approach to approximate the aforementioned DAI by another form of DAI, which can be equivalently converted into an ordinary differential equation (ODE). The approach can be seen as a generalization of the Baumgarte stabilization, which was originally developed for DAEs. The new DAI representation and its ODE approximation are illustrated with some simple examples.     

Efficient learning of multiple context-free languages with multidimensional substitutability from positive data

Recently Clark and Eyraud (2007) [10] have shown that substitutable context-free languages, which capture an aspect of natural language phenomena, are efficiently identifiable in the limit from positive data. Generalizing their work, this paper presents a polynomial-time learning algorithm for new subclasses of multiple context-free languages with variants of substitutability.     

Bottom-up pyramid cellular acceptors with three-dimensional layers

In 1997, C.R. Dyer and A. Rosenfeld introduced an acceptor on a two-dimensional pattern (or tape), called the pyramid cellular acceptor, and demonstrated that many useful recognition tasks are executed by pyramid cellular acceptors in time proportional to the logarithm of the diameter of the input. They also introduced a bottom-up pyramid cellular acceptor which is a restricted version of the pyramid cellular acceptor, and proposed some interesting open problems of the bottom-up pyramid cellular acceptors. On the other hand, we think that the study of threedimensional automata has been meaningful as the computational model of three-dimensional information processing such as computer vision, robotics, and so forth. In this paper, we investigate about bottom-up pyramid cellular acceptors with three-dimensional layers, and show their some accepting powers. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

A pilot survey of 39 Victorian WWTP effluents using a high speed luminescent umu test in conjunction with a novel GC-MS-database technique for automatic identification of micropollutants

In 2007, samples of treated effluent were collected at point of discharge to the environment from 39 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located across Victoria, Australia grouped by treatment type. Sample genotoxicity was assessed with a high-throughput luminescent umu test method using Salmonella typhimurium TL210 strain, with and without addition of a commercially available metabolic activation system. Samples were also screened using a gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric mass-structure database recognition method. A genotoxic response was observed in half of the samples tested without metabolic activation system (相似文献   

Using selective precipitant for uranyl ions — Fundamental studies for evaluating the precipitant performance

We have developed a simple reprocessing process for spent FBR fuels using N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone (NCP) which has selective precipitation ability for UO₂²⁺ ions. It was confirmed that NCP has sufficient precipitation ability for UO₂²⁺ ions, decontamination capability (separation of UO₂²⁺ from simulated fission products), and resistance to γ-ray radiation in nitric acid solutions. These findings indicate that NCP is applicable to our reprocessing process. We have also evaluated performances of other precipitants such as N-n-propyl-2-pyrrolidone (NProP), N-n-butyl-2-pyrrolidone (NBP), and N-n-butyl-2-pyridone (NBPyr). It was found that higher decontamination factors (DFs) are obtained by using NProP and NBP. This can be interpreted that the hydrophobicity of NProP and NBP is lower than that of NCP. Furthermore, we have obtained an experimental result that the resistance of NBPyr to γ-ray radiation is superior to that of NCP.     

A novel chromatographic separation technique using tertiary pyridine resin for the partitioning of trivalent actinides and lanthanides

A novel chromatographic separation technique using a tertiary pyridine type resin has been applied to the partitioning of the trivalent actinides (An) and lanthanides (Ln) and several successful results have been shown. In an alcoholic hydrochloric acid system, the trivalent An were clearly separated from the Ln, while no such group separation was achieved in an alcoholic nitric acid system. On the other hand, the nitric acid system was more effective for the intragroup (i.e. individual) separation of the trivalent An and the Ln than the hydrochloric acid system. On the basis of these results, a novel concept for the partitioning of the trivalent An and Ln using the present separation technique and its flowchart have been proposed with its advantages and disadvantages.