Schizophrenia genetics at the millennium: cautious optimism

As the new millennium approaches, research into the genetic aspects of schizophrenia has already made an impressive start toward an integrated model which is discovering roles for genetic agents, environmental agents and experiences, and chance factors. The best model follows that proposed for understanding such complex diseases as coronary artery disease and diabetes. Genetic information has come from both genetic epidemiology and molecular genetics. Evidence for gene regions on 6p and 8p gives the strongest support for harboring schizophrenia susceptibility genes, based on international collaborative studies that "generally" replicate one another; evidence for regions on 3p, 5q, 9p, 20p, and 22q, while less compelling, will encourage focused work. Determining the steps between the regions and the phenotype will challenge the next generation of scientists.     

"Traditional" vs. "modified" approach to research within the scope of psycho-oncologic studies. Theoretical considerations and initial results

The paper points out two methods of research in the field of psychosomatic resp. psychooncologic research. The "traditional method" of an Inter-Group-Comparison is confronted with the "modificated method" of an Intra-Group-Comparison. The methodological advantage of taxonomic subgroups is demonstrated at a population of 60 breast cancer patients. Two homogeneous subgroups of the investigated population can be distinguished not only by contents criteria but also by means of a cluster-analysis. The prognostic importance of the psychodynamic profile within the different subgroups is discussed. In this context defense mechanisms are particularly relevant.     

多焦点多光子显微成像经典数据压缩应用研究

该文针对多焦点多光子显微镜被越来越多地用于生物组织的三维成像。由于三维成像的实时图像数据巨大,开发实时压缩算法将有助于大规模图像数据的采集和存储。基于霍夫曼编码的无损压缩算法和基于离散余弦变换的JPEG有损压缩算法,对多焦点多光子显微镜成像数据的压缩进行初步研究。实验结果表明,基于霍夫曼编码的无损压缩算法压缩率稍低,但无图像信息丢失;基于JPEG编码的有损压缩算法具有较高的压缩率,但是图像信息会有一定程度的丢失。     

Leiomyosarcoma of the buccal mucosa: a case report

In 1987, the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) initiated the Agenda for Change, a major revision in the evaluation process for hospitals. An essential component of that change was to shift the emphasis away from standards for individual departments to standards for hospital-wide functions. In recent years, hospital librarians have focused their energy and attention on complying with the standards for the "Management of Information" chapter, specifically the IM.9 section on knowledge-based information. However, the JCAHO has listed the health sciences librarian and library services as having responsibilities in six other chapters within the Comprehensive Accreditation Manual for Hospitals. These chapters can have a major impact on the services of the hospital library for two reasons: (1) they are being read by hospital leaders and other professionals in the organization, and (2) they articulate specific ways to apply knowledge-based information services to the major functions within the hospital. These chapters are "Education"; "Improving Organizational Performance"; "Leadership"; "Management of Human Resources"; "Management of the Environment of Care"; and "Surveillance, Prevention, and Control of Infection." The standards that these chapters promote present specific opportunities for hospital librarians to apply knowledge-based information resources and service to hospital-wide functions. This article reviews these chapters and discusses the standards that relate to knowledge-based information.     

Fibromyalgia associated with female urethral syndrome

The case of a patient with a false-positive fracture on the panoramic view of the mandible is presented. The patient motion produced a spurious image that perfectly mimicked a fracture without any evidence of motion. To better assess motion artifact, panoramic views of a "phantom" human skull were developed with movement during the exposure. These radiographs were analyzed with the assistance of a radiologist, and diagnostic features of motion artifact are discussed. Some radiographs were created by movement that mimicked fractures without the telltale signs of motion artifact. These "motion pseudofractures" are diagnosed clinically if the examiner knows that motion can mimic fractures, and all x-ray findings are carefully correlated with clinical findings. Diagnosis of a motion pseudofracture will avoid the additional expense and time of a specialty consultation.     

安钢高炉炉料冶金性能研究

检测和研究了安钢炼铁生产中单一炉料及综合炉料的冶金性能.研究表明安钢自产高碱度烧结矿具有较好的还原性,但其低温还原粉化率却是最高的;酸性球团矿及块矿则有着较好的低温还原粉化指数及良好的熔滴性能,能够与高碱度烧结矿搭配形成合理的综合炉料结构,满足高炉冶炼要求.并提出了安钢综合炉料结构优化方向.     

Diagnosing the health of engineering systems

System reliability evaluation can be performed using the two broad categories of deterministic and probabilistic techniques. The basic weakness associated with deterministic methods is that they do not specifically take into account the likelihood of component failures in the evaluation. There is, however, considerable reluctance to using probabilistic techniques in many engineering areas owing to the difficulty in interpreting the resulting numerical indices. An approach is presented in this paper to alleviate this difficulty by combining deterministic considerations with probabilistic indices to monitor the system well-being in the form of system health and margin states in addition to a conventional risk index. The concept of system well-being is illustrated using relatively simple network configurations. The proposed technique is also applied to a power system network to determine the degree of well-being of the various load points and the overall system. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Chimaeric anti-interleukin 6 monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of advanced multiple myeloma: a phase I dose-escalating study

Drugs acting at the three known classes of histamine receptors were injected intracerebroventricularly into the rat. The effects of these drugs upon synaptic potentials recorded from the dentate gyrus of the freely-moving rat were determined. Population spikes and field excitatory postsynaptic potentials were recorded from the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus following stimulation of the perforant path. Drugs, dissolved in 0.9% NaCl were applied into the lateral cerebral ventricle in a volume of 5 microl over a period of 6 min. The histamine H1 receptor antagonist mepyramine (0.4 or 0.8 microg) had no significant effect on population spikes or field excitatory postsynaptic potentials. In contrast the H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine (3.25, 6.5 or 13 microg) showed a biphasic effect. At the lower doses (3.25 or 6.5 microg) a small (15%) depression of the field excitatory postsynaptic potentials and population spikes was observed beginning about 1 h following the infusion. At the highest dose tested (13 microg) a marked increase of the population spike was observed beginning immediately following the infusion and lasting for 90 min. Application of the H3 receptor agonist R-alpha-methylhistamine (0.2 microg) depressed the field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (15% at 4 h post-injection) and even more strongly the population spike (50%). Surprisingly, at higher doses (0.4 and 0.8 microg) no effect was seen. The H3 receptor antagonist thioperamide (0.41 and 0.82 microg) did not cause an increase in synaptic potentials but rather at the highest dose a small depression occurred at later time points (2-4 h following the infusion). At the lower dose (0.41 microg) thioperamide blocked the effect of R-alpha-methylhistamine (0.2 microg). These results show that the histaminergic system modulates information flow through the dentate gyrus in a complex manner involving both histamine H2 and H1 receptors.     

Synthesis and characterization of greenish‐blue emitting vinyl copolymer containing pyrene and triarylamine moieties

Two fluorescent monomers N‐phenyl‐N‐(4‐vinylphenyl)pyren‐1‐amine (vinyl‐PyPA) and 1‐vinyl pyrene (VPy) were synthesized in good yields. A series of soluble conductive vinyl copolymers P(PyPA‐co‐VPy) containing vinyl‐PyPA and VPy moieties in different composition ratios were prepared by free radical solution polymerization. These copolymers showed high T_g (190?201 °C) and good thermal stability. The photoluminescence emission maxima of the copolymers were all in the range 474.5?478.5 nm, which was similar to the poly(N‐phenyl‐N‐(4‐vinylphenyl)pyren‐1‐amine) (P(PyPA)) (475 nm) but blue shifted compared with poly(1‐vinyl pyrene) (PVPy) (490.5 nm). The lifetime of the copolymers increased from 10.2 to 29.7 ns with an increase in pyrene content. The copolymers had higher quantum yields (0.51) than those of the homopolymers of P(PyPA) (0.48) and PVPy (0.13). The highest occupied molecular orbital of the copolymers remained relatively unchanged from P(PyPA), while the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital varied from ?2.41 eV to ?2.51 eV with an increase in pyrene ratio in the copolymers. The energy bandgaps of the copolymers (from 2.70 eV to 2.81 eV) were smaller than those of P(PyPA) (2.82 eV) and PVPy (3.47 eV). Two polymer light‐emitting diode (PLED) series were attempted including indium tin oxide (ITO) (fluorocarbon (CFx) treated)/P(PyPA‐co‐VPy)/LiF/Al and ITO(CFx treated)/P(PyPA‐co‐VPy)/1,3,5‐Tri(1‐phenyl‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazol‐2‐yl)phenyl (TPBi)/LiF/Al. The results suggested that the PyPA moiety is hole conducting and the PLEDs can achieve high luminance from 650 to 1150 cd m^?2 (at 100 mA cm^?2) only when an electron injecting layer TPBi is employed. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry     

“信号与系统”与“通信原理”的教学关系研究

"信号与系统"与"通信原理"两课程,均是电子信息与工程专业的专业基础课。"信号与系统"作为"通信原理"的先修课之一,为"通信原理"课程的学习奠定了知识储备。而"通信原理"的顺利开展,不仅要紧密联系"信号与系统"中的相关概念,更会对"信号与系统"加深理解。本文梳理了"通信原理"教学过程中最常用的一些"信号与系统"课程中的知识点,并对两课程教学之间的关系给予了一定的分析。