Hydrogen absorption characteristics of Pd1−xLix (x = 0.055 and 0.072) alloys and ordered Pd7Li

Thermodynamic quantities were determined for the absorption of hydrogen in Pd-5.5at.%Li and Pd-7.2at.%Li alloys, the latter alloy being in the two-phase field of saturated -Pd(Li,s) solid solution and the ordered Pd₇Li phase. Data were also determined for the Pd-10.6at.%Li alloy which consists only of the ordered Pd₇Li phase. The data were determined from measurements of pressure-composition isotherms at temperatures between 273 K and 463 K and hydrogen pressures up to 1000 Torr. The Pd---Li alloys dissolve considerable amounts of hydrogen and form a more stable hydride phase than Pd despite the lattice contraction which occurs on alloying Pd with Li. The hydrogen solubility in the ordered Pd₇Li phase alone is a little smaller than that in the two-phase mixture. The large hydrogen absorption of Pd---Li alloys, which does not depend on the presence of ordered Pd₇Li, may be attributed to (i) an attractive H---Li pair interaction, (ii) a decrease in the strain energies necessary for hydrogen occupation of the interstices, because of the similar lattice parameters of the -Pd(Li,s) and ordered Pd₇Li phases, and the large compressibility of Pd---Li alloys, and (iii) the valence of 1 of Li in Pd compared with 3 for, for example, Y in Pd.     

Preparation and structural characterization of perovskite-type LaxLn1−x″CoO3 by the thermal decomposition of heteronuclear complexes, LaxLn1−x″| Co(CN)6| · nH2O (Ln″ = Sm and Ho)

Perovskite-type La_xLn_1−x″CoO₃ oxides are prepared by the thermal decomposition of La_xLn_1−x″ [Co(CN)₆] · nH₂O hetero-nuclear complexes. Except for LaCoO₃ (hexagonal), the structures observed for La_xSm_1−xCoO₃ are othorhombic. While the perovskite-type oxide HoCoO₃ is not formed by decomposition at 1000°C of the corresponding hexacyano complex, the partial replacing of Ho with La is effective in forming the pervoskite-type oxide having an orthorhombic structure containing Ho even at 800°C. A monotonous correlation (quasi-linear relationship) was found between the b- and c-lattice constants of the orthorhombic structures of the perovskite-type oxides and the effective radii of Ln ions, defined as r_eff = xr_1.a + (1 − x)r_1.0″. The distortion parameter for the orthorhombie cell (3″a/b−1) increaseswith decrease in r_eff and is expected to be 0.270 for perovskite-type HoCoO₃. The crystal structure of the La_xLn_1−x″, CoO₃ oxides is mainly controlled by the effective radii of Ln ions.     

Parallelized fusion visualization system

The speed-up of supercomputers has increased the complexity of simulations. To analyze such kind of data, we believe that new types of visualization software are needed. Therefore, we have been developing a visualization system called “Fusion Visualization”, and the progresses were reported in the AROB 18th and 19th International Symposiums. We introduced the overall concept at the AROB 18th International Symposium, and then demonstrated a sample of flow visualization in a blood vessel in the AROB 19th International Symposium. To extend our system to enable the handling of larger data, we have implemented the proposed system on a parallelized visualization system; AVS/Express PCE (Parallel Cluster Edition). This paper describes the implementation and the benchmark results.     

Design and performance of a punch mechanism based pellet injector for alternative injection in the large helical device

A low speed single barrel pellet injector, using a mechanical punch device has been developed for alternative injection in the large helical device. A pellet is injected by the combined operation of a mechanical punch and a pneumatic propellant system. The pellet shape is cylindrical, 3 mm in diameter and 3 mm in length. Using this technique the speed of the pellet can be controlled flexibly in the range of 100-450 m/s, and a higher speed can be feasible for a higher gas pressure. The injector is equipped with a guide tube selector to direct the pellet to different injection locations. Pellets are exposed to several curved parts with the curvature radii R(c) = 0.8 and 0.3 m when they are transferred in guided tubes to the respective injection locations. Pellet speed variation with pressure at different pellet formation temperatures has been observed. Pellet intactness tests through these guide tubes show a variation in the intact speed limit over a range of pellet formation temperatures from 6.5 to 9.8 K. Pellet speed reduction of less than 6% has been observed after the pellet moves through the curved guide tubes.     

Transflective IPS‐LCD with improved reflective contrast ratio

Abstract— In order to improve the reflective contrast ratio of transflective IPS‐LCDs, a novel pixel design for a normally white reflective IPS has been proposed. In this design, the large‐inter‐electrode‐spacing layout using a novel driving method and a double‐layered electrode have effectively reduced the light leakage. By applying these two technologies, a transflective IPS‐LCD has been successfully demonstrated with a high contrast ratio (15:1) in the reflective mode and a wide‐viewing‐angle characteristic in the transmissive mode.     

An optimum design of robotic food handling by using Burger model

This paper discusses an optimum design approach on robotic food handling by considering the characteristics of viscoelasticity of object. We pick up a traditional Japanese food, “Norimaki” as a typical example with the viscoelastic characteristics. We first show that the dynamic characteristics of Norimaki can be expressed by utilizing the Burger model. After testing the parameter sensitivity, we show an example of the optimum design for determining the combination of the hand stiffness and the operating velocity. We further show that the resultant plastic deformation can be formulated with the exact solution.     

Construction of human monoclonal single-chain Fv antibodies against small-cell lung cancer by phage display libraries derived from cell-immunized SCID mice engrafted with human peripheral blood lymphocytes

In this study, we describe a phage display strategy to obtain human monoclonal single-chain Fv (scFv) antibodies binding target cancer cell surface proteins. By developing a cancer cell immunization protocol for SCID mice engrafted with human peripheral blood lymphocytes in combination with an antibody phage display method, we have isolated phage antibodies binding small-cell lung cancer cell line H889 by subtractive selection. One of the isolated scFv antibodies, 12EAb, recognized the E2 component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC-E2) by immunoprecipitation according to MALDI-TOF MS analysis. Furthermore, we have confirmed the plasma membrane localization of PDC-E2 in small-cell lung cancer cells by immunocytochemistry and cell surface protein biotinylation, although PDC-E2 is usually located in the mitochondrial matrix. These results, including unique localization of identified antigens, were obtained by proteomic approaches. The present methods can be applied to generate human monoclonal scFv antibodies against tumor cells and to identify new molecular targets for immunotherapy and markers for diagnosis.     

Self-generation of reward by logarithmic transformation of multiple sensor evaluations

Artificial Life and Robotics - Although the design of the reward function in reinforcement learning is important, it is difficult to design a system that can adapt to a variety of environments and...     

A Possible Magnetic Phase with Scalar Chirality in Solid 3He Layers

We study quantum effects in a system of S = 1/2 spins with two–, three and four–spin exchange interactions on the triangular lattice, a possible model of the nuclear magnetism of solid ³ He layers. The ground state phases found in our previous work are studied by using the linear spin–wave theory. The uuud state shows a very flat spin–wave dispersion, which suggests that this state, though locally stable, will not survive non–linear quantum effects. The tetrahedral state, which has long–range order of a scalar chirality, is found to be stable against spin wave fluctuations. The ground state energies of different phases are compared. Results of numerical analysis of finite size clusters are also presented.