Continuous ultrasonic devulcanization of unfilled butyl rubber

The devulcanization of resin‐cured unfilled butyl rubber with a grooved‐barrel ultrasonic reactor under various processing conditions was carried out. The experiments indicated that, because of the lower unsaturation and good thermal stability of butyl rubber, its devulcanization could be successfully accomplished only under severe ultrasonic‐treatment conditions. Gel permeation chromatography measurements were carried out for the virgin gum and sol part of devulcanized samples to study the changes in the rubber network during the devulcanization process. The obtained data showed a significant molecular weight reduction and a broadening of the molecular weight distribution upon devulcanization, which indicated that the devulcanization and degradation of butyl rubber occurred simultaneously. The rheological properties showed that devulcanized butyl rubber was more elastic than the virgin gum. The vulcanizates of the devulcanized butyl rubber showed mechanical properties comparable to those of the virgin vulcanizate. The thermal behaviors of the virgin and devulcanized butyl rubber were different and were correlated to the double‐bond content. The structural characteristics of the devulcanized butyl rubber were simulated with the Dobson–Gordon theory of rubber network statistics. A fairly good agreement between the experimental data and theoretical prediction was achieved. The simulation of devulcanized butyl rubber indicated that the rate of crosslink rupture was much higher than that of the main chain. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 1316–1325, 2004     

智能电子商务框架模型的研究

本文探讨了Internet上电子商务的概念，在传统电子商务应用框架模型的基础上，充分考虑到大型电子商务系统的开放性、商家信息的分布性和更新性的特点，提出了一种智能电子商务框架模型。为电子商务系统在智能化，优化方面开拓了新的思路。     

表面活性剂辅助水热法中TiO2的形状控制

By hydrolysing titanium isopropoxide in a long hydrocarbon chain surfactant-containing solution, TiO2 fine particles with a diversity of well-defined morphologies was synthesized in this study by a hydrothermal route. The structural change during the formation process was monitored by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. TiO2 with various morphologies such as particle, sheet, rod, tube and flower-like shape was obtained by carefully controlling the preparation conditions. The experimental results show that the pH value is crucial for shape control of the produced TiO2 because it can change the charge state of the surfactant in the solution and the adsorption potential of the surfactant on the TiO2 surface. The shape evolvement of anatase TiO2 was elucidated by quenching the reaction at different stage and the formation mechanism of different shaped TiO2 was suggested.     

仿土质专用肥的开发和应用前景

本文介绍了基于某些名、优农产品在其生长过程中所需要的特定敏感元素,配制出“仿土质”专用肥。经施用证明,肥效显著,经济效益可观,具有推广应用的前景。     

Synthesis and photoconductivity study of phthalocyanine polymers. I. PAA–CuPc(NO2)2

Cu–dinitro–diamino phthalocyanine was synthesized and converted to the diazonium salt. Polyacrylamide bonded CuPc(NO₂)₂ [PAA–CuPc(NO₂)₂] (I) was synthesized by hot polymerization of acrylamide and this diazonium salt. Polymer(I) is water soluble and contains about 7 mol % CuPc(NO₂)₂ rings, which are covalently bonded to PAA. Polymer(I) shows good photoconductivity, which is much better than that of the corresponding phthalocyanine monomers. By doping with iodine (I₂), the photosensitivity of polymer(I) is increased, which through fluorescence analysis is explained by the fact that a charge–transfer complex (CTC) of polymer(I) with I₂ is formed. The influence of interface layer (IFL) and charge–transportation material (CTM) on the photoconductivity of polymer(I) were also studied.     

通气式搅拌槽的传热特性

研究了通式搅拌槽槽壁给热系数（ｈｗ）随通气速率和搅拌转速变化的规律和机理，在搅拌过程中存在一个临界转速，它决定了通气是增大还是减小ｈｗ。通过引入综合反映操作条件对ｈｗ影响的无因次数Ｈｚ，获得了一个偏差较小并且简单实用的ｈｗ半经验关联式。     

硝酸废热锅炉的腐蚀与防腐

结合本厂硝酸装置的实际，分析废热锅炉的腐蚀机理，介绍硝酸废热锅炉的防腐措施。     

结合相位一致与全变差模型的高分辨率遥感图像边缘检测

目的边缘检测是有效利用遥感数据开展地物目标自动识别的重要步骤。高分辨率遥感图像地物类型复杂,细节信息过于丰富,使得基于相位一致的边缘检测结果中存在过多的噪声与伪边缘。为此提出了一种结合相位一致与全变差模型的高分辨率遥感图像边缘检测方法。方法根据相位一致原理,应用Log Gabor构造的2维相位一致模型,引入全变差去噪模型对基于相位一致的边缘强度图进行改进。结果借助有界变差空间对图像光滑性的约束,实现了高分辨率遥感图像噪声去除与伪边缘抑制,利用改进后的相位一致边缘强度图可有效检测高分辨率遥感图像的边缘。结论实验结果表明,与相位一致模型、Canny算法相比,该方法能消除了高分辨率遥感图像中同类地物内部细节特征形成的噪声,抑制相位一致边缘检测结果中的伪边缘,突出地物的真实边缘,并能正确地提取地物目标的整体轮廓信息,有助于后续地物目标的自动识别。     

基于共轭梯度法的FIR数字滤波器优化设计

针对高阶FIR数字滤波器要中高阶矩阵逆计算困难,提出了一种共轭梯度法的FIR线性相位数字滤波器的优化设计方法.方法的主要思想是采用共轭梯度法计算余弦基函数的加权系数,从而获得FIR滤波器的单位脉冲响应,使得设计出的FIR滤波器的频率响应与理想滤波器的频率响应的全局误差在整个通带和阻带的范围内最小.仿真结果表明,与其它优化设计方法相比,提出的优化设计方法不仅具有更小的逼近误差,而且过渡带窄,阻带衰耗更大.上述方法不涉及逆矩阵计算,因而计算量小,在FIR数字滤波器优化设计中具有重要的应用价值.     

一种灵活的强制完整性访问控制策略

完整性保护是计算机安全的一项重要内容,虽然绝大多数安全操作系统都设计实现了完整性保护机制,但仍存在着系统的完整性被破坏以及完整性策略不够灵活的不足。在实施完整性保护的基本原则下,提出了一种灵活的完整性访问控制策略FIC,并给出了在LSM框架下的实现过程。FIC定义了主完整级和辅助完整级,通过访问控制规则、进程再标记规则和新建客体标记规则,实现了系统的完整性保护以及进程执行的灵活完整性保护控制。最后分析了实现效果,并指出了进一步可扩展性研究需求。