Crystallization behavior,heat resistance,and mechanical performances of PLLA/myo‐inositol blends

In this work, use of myo‐inositol as a biobased nucleating agent (NA) for PLLA was researched. Effects of myo‐inositol on non‐isothermal and isothermal crystallization behaviors of PLLA at temperatures ranged from 85 °C to 130 °C were studied by using DSC, POM and WAXD. Isothermal crystallization kinetics results showed that the incorporation of myo‐inositol enhanced significantly the crystallization rate of the PLLA samples. It was confirmed that the optimum isothermal crystallization temperature range was 100 to 110 °C. The above results were instructive to confirm proper heat treatment time and temperature for compression or injection molding to fabricate highly crystallized PLLA articles. The relations among heat treatment time, crystallinity, heat resistance, and mechanical performances of the neat PLLA and PLLA/1% myo‐inositol specimens prepared by compression molding were investigated. Compared with the PLLA specimens, the PLLA/1% myo‐inositol specimens showed a shorter heat treatment time to reach the maximum crystallinity. Vicat softening temperature, as well as tensile strength, modulus, and toughness of the PLLA/1% myo‐inositol specimens was improved when crystallinity increased from 5.4% to 38.1%. Considering the nontoxicity and biocompatibility of myo‐inositol, PLLA/myo‐inositol blends would be potential to prepare some products, which are required higher health standard and can be used in elevated temperature environments. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44732.     

Continuous manufacturing of nanofiber yarn with the assistance of suction wind and rotating collection via needleless melt electrospinning

Nanofiber yarn was continuously manufactured by a needleless melt‐electrospinning method. The suction wind speed was the most important factor influencing the final fiber diameter and determining whether the fibers could be gathered into a well‐aligned strand. The twisting process of the yarn was performed by the adjustment of ratio of the speed of the collecting roller to the speed of the rotating disk. The results show that the higher the assisting suction wind speed was, the smaller the fiber diameter was. The smallest average fiber diameter of 440 nm was obtained at a suction wind speed of 30 m/s. Furthermore, the smaller the ratio of the speed of the collecting roller to the speed of the rotating disk was, the larger the twisting angle of the prepared yarn was. The largest twisting angle obtained in this study was 43 ° at the greatest ratio of the speed of the collecting roller to the speed of the rotating disk. The X‐ray diffraction results show that the alignment degree of the nanofiber twisting and the crystallinity increased with increasing twisting angle. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44820.     

Cocoa Butter Substitute (CBS) Produced from Palm Mid-fraction/Palm Kernel Oil/Palm Stearin for Confectionery Fillings

This study investigated the physicochemical properties of ternary mixtures of palm mid-fraction (PMF):refined bleached deodorized palm kernel oil (RBDPKO):refined bleached deodorized palm stearin (RBDPS) for cocoa butter substitute (CBS). Fatty acid constituents, triacylglycerol constituents, solid fat contents (SFCs), melting behavior, polymorphism and crystal morphology were determined using gas chromatography (GC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance (p-NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and polarized light microscopy (PLM), respectively. Eight blends of various ratios of ternary mixtures were investigated based on the previously studied binary fat mixtures. The composition of palmitic (P) and oleic (O), POP, and crystal morphology (size and shape) of the PMF/RBDPKO/RBDPS [14.9/59.6/25.5 (%w/w)] mixture were comparable to cocoa butter (CB), while its melting profile (18.5 and 37 °C), SFC at 20 °C and polymorphism were different from CB. The iso-solid diagrams of the mixture displayed a monotectic effect at 20–25 °C. Therefore, the 14.9/59.6/25.5 PMF/RBDPKO/RBDPS mixture could be used as a CBS in confectionery fillings because of the crystal morphology and monotectic behaviors comparable to those of CB.     

Re、Ta对第二代定向柱晶合金中初生碳化物形成与分解的影响

采用差热分析(DSC),扫描电镜(SEM),能谱分析(EDS)及X射线衍射(XRD)技术对不同Re、Ta含量的3种合金中MC碳化物的形成与分解进行了研究.结果表明,3种合金的骨架状MC为共晶反应生成,Ta的加入缩小MC中W的含量及不同凝固阶段生成的MC中W含量的差别,促进骨架状MC形成,提高MC形成温度并大幅提高MC的热稳定性.Re不进入MC碳化物,Re的加入可降低MC形成温度并促进μ相从MC周围过饱和的γ基体中析出,进而诱发MC不稳定分解.     

压铸态AZ91D镁合金热压缩变形流变应力研究

在应变速率为0.01～10 s1、变形温度250～50℃的条件下,采用Geeble-1500D热模拟机对压铸态AZ91D镁合金进行热压缩变形试验,得到并分析了该材料在不同变形条件下的流变曲线.采用数理统计的方法对实验数据进行处理,建立了用Zener-Hollomom参数描述的该材料的高温塑性变形本构方程为ε=1.41× 1012 [sinh(0.014σ)]5.295 exp (-159 449.509/RT),采用双曲正弦函数确定了该材料的变形激活能Q=159.45 kJ·mol1;与重力铸造态AZ91D镁合金比较显示,其流变应力和变形激活能更低.     

高硫铝土矿浮选脱硫-串联法生产氧化铝工艺研究

采用浮选脱硫-串联法生产氧化铝工艺对高硫铝土矿进行处理,脱硫铝土矿综合样硫含量为0.26%,氧化铝回收率为99.02%。拜耳法溶出时氧化铝相对溶出率为96.02%。碱石灰烧结时氧化铝、氧化钠的净溶出率分别为90.38%、97.11%,工艺技术指标较好。     

Synthesis and photovoltaic properties of two new unsymmetrical zinc-phthalocyanine dyes

Two new soluble unsymmetrical zinc-phthalocyanine derivatives (PC-HY1, PC-HY2) with D-π-A structure bearing three tert-butylphenyl or tert-butylthienyl groups and cyanoacrylic acid groups were synthesized through a low-cost “anhydride” method. The photophysical, electrochemical and photovoltaic properties of the phthalocyanine derivatives were studied. The two phthalocyanine derivatives showed strong and broad absorption in the UV and red/near-infrared (IR) region, especially for PC-HY2. The electrochemical properties indicated that the two phthalocyanine derivatives are latent materials for dye-sensitized solar cells. Under the illumination of AM 1.5, 100 mW cm⁻², dye-sensitized solar cells based on PC-HY1 and PC-HY2 showed power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.79% and 1.09%, respectively.     

Structure Stability and Elastic Properties of β Type Ti-X (X=Nb, Mo) Alloys from First-Principles Calculations

采用超级胞和广义梯度近似条件下投影缀加平面波的第一性原理方法研究了β相Ti-X(X=Nb,Mo)合金结构稳定、弹性性能及其电子结构,并利用Voigt-Reuss-Hill平均方法从单晶Ti-X合金的弹性常数计算出了其多晶合金的弹性模量。研究结果表明,β型Ti-Nb和Ti-Mo合金的β结构稳定性随着Nb,Mo和Ta含量的增加而增加,当Nb或Mo含量为25at%时,Ti-Nb和Ti-Mo合金表现出最低的弹性模量。进一步,利用计算出的Ti-X合金的电子态密度(DOS)分析讨论了Nb和Mo合金元素含量对这2种合金结构稳定性的影响机理。     

Integrated Study of APS YSZ Coatings with Different Spray Angle

Spray parameters play an important role on the microstructure and properties of plasma-sprayed coatings. Parameters such as spray distance, plasma gas flow and current, raster speed, and spray angle all can be varied. In this paper, an integrated study to investigate the effects and influences of spray angle on properties of yttria-stabilized zirconia coatings was carried out with spray angles of 60°, 75°, and 90° (to the substrate surface). In situ coating property sensor based on beam curvature measurements was used to measure the evolving stress and elastic moduli of the resultant coatings and combined with other characterization tools for thermo-physical property and microstructure analysis, such as laser flash and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that the coating with 60° spray angle had the lowest thermal conductivity and more compliant structure. This study seeks to understand the mechanism for this effect and will provide important insight into parametric sensitivities on complex spray parts.     

热轧TB2钛合金织构多晶板动态压缩性能的各向异性

利用Instron 电子拉伸机和分离式霍普金生压杠(SHPB)实验装置, 研究了准静态和动态压缩条件下热轧TB2钛合金织构多晶板的力学性能。对TB2钛合金板材的轧向、横向以及轧制平面内与轧向成45°等3个方向进行了压缩实验, 得到了不同应变速率下的应力-应变曲线。结果表明：热轧TB2钛合金板材不同方向上的流变应力均随应变速率的增加而增加, 表现出明显的应变速率强化效应。准静态和动态力学性能均表现出各向异性, 且准静态和动态压缩行为规律不一致。考虑准静态和动态变形时可能的塑性变形机制, 基于微观晶体塑性变形理论, 定性讨论了热轧织构多晶TB2钛合金板屈服强度的各向异性