TMN implementation strategy based on OSI management standards

In order to facilitate the implementations ofTMN interface protocols/services studied inITU-T, it is very important to define profiles for supportingTMN management service. This paper proposes a concrete method for achieving this based on osi management standards as a promisingTMN implementation method. It proposes an idea of structuring theTMN ISP’S based on the structure of the osi managementISP’S. The paper discusses aTMN based on the osi managementISP’S. Finally the implementation as software is discussed and a software architecture for efficient application development is proposed.     

Carbon felt-based bioelectrocatalytic flow-through detectors: Highly sensitive amperometric determination of H2O2 based on a direct electrochemistry of covalently modified horseradish peroxidase using cyanuric chloride as a linking agent

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was chemically modified using cyanuric chloride (CC) as a linking agent onto a carbon felt (CF), which is a microelectrode ensemble of micro carbon fiber (>7 μm, diameter) with a random three-dimensional structure. The resulting HRP-modified CF (HRP-ccCF) exhibited well-defined redox waves based on the HRP heme Fe^III/Fe^II redox couple at −0.23 V vs. Ag/AgCl (at pH 7.0), while the HRP-adsorbed CF (HRP-CF) showed no apparent redox couple in the same potential range, indicating that the chemical modification of HRP via CC facilitated the direct electron transfer (DET) between HRP and CF. The apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant k_s was estimated to be 35 s⁻¹. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the interfacial properties (i.e., structure, morphology of enzyme-layer) of covalently modified HRP (HRP-ccCF) and physically adsorbed HRP (HRP-CF) are different, resulting in the difference in the electron transfer properties. The HRP-ccCF was successfully used as a working electrode unit in bioelectrocatalytic flow-through detector for highly sensitive amperometric determination of H₂O₂. Under the optimized conditions (i.e., applied potential, 0 V vs. Ag/AgCl; carrier flow rate, 3.25 ml/min; and carrier pH 7.0), the cathodic peak current of H₂O₂ linearly increased up to 3 μM (sensitivity, 1.94 μA/μM; the detection limit, 0.08 μM [S/N = 3]) with sample through-put of ca. 90 samples/h.     

An empirical anisotropy correction model for estimating land surface albedo for radiation budget studies

Land surface albedo is one of the key parameters in the radiation budget, the hydrological cycle and climate modeling studies. It is now widely understood that large errors may occur in the estimation of surface albedo without taking into consideration the anisotropy reflectance effect, which is a general feature of the earth surface. Two major anisotropic correction methods exist for the retrieval of land surface albedo under clear sky conditions. One method involves linearly converting from top of the atmosphere (TOA) albedo to surface albedo, and another is based on the inversion of the Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) model of the surface. In the present study, a new approach that utilizes an empirical model for estimating surface albedo has been proposed for snow free land surfaces under clear sky conditions. We analyzed the bidirectional reflectance data set with numerous samples representing various land cover types, which derived from POLDER/ADEOS-1 multi-angle imagery data and distributed by MEDIAS-France. Through the analysis, an empirical relation between bidirectional reflectance and albedo was established and has been discussed in detail. The proposed model can be used for direct estimation of surface albedo from a single BRF observation when the sun-target-sensor geometry is known. No BRDF model inversion scheme is necessary. The present model has no or weak dependence on the existing land surface classifications, and is insensitive to wavelength. The theoretical absolute accuracy of the estimated albedo is approximately 0.010 for visible (0.4-0.7 μm), 0.023 for near infrared (0.7-3.0 μm) and 0.016 for shortwave (0.2-3.0 μm), respectively. Albedo consistency with viewing geometry has been verified, resulting in good agreement for albedo estimated from various viewing directions. Validation of the satellite estimated albedo derived by the proposed method, using field observations were also presented and results show it can give reasonably accurate estimation. The proposed method is expected to be a suitable candidate for practical applications of albedo estimation for sensors that do not perform multi-angle observations.     

The motion capturing of female divers under water and the trial production of motion viewers for developing a virtual diving experience learning system

The virtual diving experience learning system of “Ama”, Japanese traditional female divers, has been developed to simulate how divers move in a virtual space using the diving interface and utilizing an accelerometer and a gyroscope. This interface not only detects the diving motion but also outputs the movement. Diving motion is shown in the ways of hand motion while standing. Although this makes it possible for a learner to understand the divers’ actions more clearly, this system’s difficulty is in visualizing a divers’ actions including their hands or bodies. Therefore, our study focuses on developing the operation system to reproduce actual ways of Amas’ diving with a virtual human body in a virtual space. First, the motion capture was done in an underwater condition. In the next process, the virtual human body was created. Finally, with the motion viewer, the more vivid actions of the Ama were successfully reproduced much more than in previous attempts. Using this system, the effectiveness of the Amas’ movement learning was confirmed, because a learner practices Amas’ movement.     

Detection of environmental changes from network structure

We studied the networks of the temperature record in the atmosphere. They are made by the strength of the synchronization, including the delay between temperatures at locations on Earth. We consider these locations as nodes, and we consider a pair of locations as a link if the synchronization between them is stronger than a threshold. The network is scale-free, which is thought to contribute to the stability of the climate. This work was presented in part at the 12th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 25–27, 2007     

Simulation research on monomer agglomeration of nonmetallic inclusions in steel with a diffusion limited aggregation model

The monomer agglomeration of nonmetallic inclusions was simulated with a diffusion limited aggregation （DLA） model of the fractal theory. The simulation study with a random two-dimensional diffusion was carried out. The results indicate that the DLA model can be used for the simulation of agglomeration behavior of the cluster-type inclusions. The morphology of clusters was observed with SEM and compared with the simulated agglomerates. The modelling procedure of the DLA model is applicable for the agglomeration process. The uncertainty of agglomeration process and the persuasive average agglomerative ratio was analyzed. The factors about the agglomerative ratio with the collision path distance and the size of particles or seed were discussed. The adherence of the nonmetallic inclusions on the dam, the weir and the walls of a tundish, and the absorption of inclusions by stopper or nozzle were also discussed.     

Rolling and swaying motion estimation for a mobile robot by using omnidirectional optical flows

Described here is a method for estimating rolling and swaying motions of a mobile robot using optical flow. We have proposed an image sensor with a hyperboloidal mirror for the vision-based navigation of a mobile robot. Its name is HyperOmni Vision. The radial component of optical flow in HyperOmni Vision has a periodic characteristic. The circumferential component of optical flow has a symmetric characteristic. The proposed method makes use of these characteristic to estimate robustly the rolling and swaying motion of the mobile robot. Correspondence to: Y. Yagi e-mail: y-yagi@sys.es.osaka-u.ac.jp     

Thermal behaviour and particle size evaluation of primary clusters in a water-based magnetic fluid

This paper reports the experimental research on thermal behaviour and particle size evaluation of primary clusters of ferromagnetic nano-particles in a water-based magnetic fluid. The magnetic fluids are suspensions of ultra fine particles coated with a molecular layer of dispersant in a liquid carrier such as water or kerosene. The particles are coated with single- or double-layer of surfactant to achieve stable dispersion. Numerous experimental studies have indicated the existence of the primary cluster of ferromagnetic nano-particles in a water-based magnetic fluid. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the particle size of the primary clusters by applying the Einstein's equation for Brownian motion assuming that the primary cluster has a spherical-shape. The thermal behaviour of ferromagnetic nano-particles in magnetic fluids is investigated through the micro visualization using the optical darkfield microscope system and particle tracking velocimetry data processing system. Real-time visualization of the Brownian motion of primary clusters in a water-based magnetic fluid was carried out. The experimental results clarified that the primary cluster size depends upon the concentration of the ferromagnetic nano-particle in the magnetic fluid.     

One-step route to a hybrid TiO2/TixW1?xN nanocomposite by in situ selective carbothermal nitridation

Metal oxide/nitride nanocomposites have many existing and potential applications, e.g. in energy conversion or ammonia synthesis. Here, a hybrid oxide/nitride nanocomposite (anatase/Ti_xW_1−xN) was synthesized by an ammonia-free sol–gel route. Synchrotron x-ray diffraction, complemented with electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis, was used to study the structure, composition and mechanism of formation of the nanocomposite. The nanocomposite contained nanoparticles (<5 nm diameter) of two highly intermixed phases. This was found to arise from controlled nucleation and growth of a single oxide intermediate from the gel precursor, followed by phase separation and in situ selective carbothermal nitridation. Depending on the preparation conditions, the composition varied from anatase/Ti_xW_1−xN at low W content to an isostructural mixture of Ti-rich and W-rich Ti_xW_1−xN at high W content. In situ selective carbothermal nitridation offers a facile route to the synthesis of nitride-oxide nanocomposites. This conceptually new approach is a significant advance from previous methods, which generally require ammonolysis of a pre-synthesized oxide.     

Test bed for characterization and predistortion of power amplifiers

A platform of high accuracy and reliability is crucial for power amplifier (PA) designers to assess the characteristics of the PA prototype, and for the digital predistorter engineers to validate their models and algorithms. Digital processing techniques for building a test bed of high performance for PA characterization and predistortion (PD) are discussed in this article. We also proposed a novel technique to characterize the frequency responses of the vector signal generator and vector signal analyzer independently without using any other instrument. The techniques described in this article are quite useful, especially for narrowband vector transmitters and receivers, to improve their performance. These techniques were experimentally evaluated, both for characterization and PD of a class‐F PA. Test results show that using such techniques can successfully build a test bed of high accuracy and wide bandwidth. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2013.