Modeling of a slit-scan-type aerial image measurement sensor used for optical lithography

Theoretical modeling of a slit-scan-type aerial image measurement sensor used for optical lithography is presented. Slit transmission properties are fully represented by the slit transfer function in terms of incident and scattering angles of light, which is then incorporated into the scheme of a partially coherent imaging formula to obtain an expression for image profiles measured by slit scanning. As an exemplary case, we analyze the influence of a 100 nm width slit used in an ArF lithography system. To understand the mechanism of image profile changes by slit transmission, we focus on frequency transfer characteristics of sinusoidal patterns.     

Three-dimensional measurement of ice crystals in frozen beef with a micro-slicer image processing system

A novel technique has been developed for measuring the three-dimensional (3-D) structure and distribution of ice crystals formed in frozen beef by using a micro-slicer image processing system (MSIPS). The system has functions to reconstruct the 3-D image based on the image data of exposed cross-sections obtained by multi-slicing of a frozen sample with the minimum thickness of 1 μm and to display the internal structure as well as an arbitrary cross-section of the sample choosing observation angles. The size and distribution of ice crystals can be determined from the 2-D quantitative information, such as the periphery and area of the crystals. The effects of freezing conditions on the morphology and distribution of the ice crystals were demonstrated quantitatively from the observations of raw beef stained by fluorescent indicator. For the samples frozen at −15 °C, the network structure of ice crystals were observed mainly at intercellular space, having approximately 100 μm in cross-sectional size, while that prepared at −120 °C showed the spherical crystals of 10–20 μm in diameter within the cells. The 3-D image of the sample demonstrated that the growth of ice columns was restricted by the intrinsic structure of muscle fibers. The proposed method provided a new tool to investigate the effects of freezing conditions on the size, morphology and distribution of ice crystals.     

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for malignant lymphoma

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) for patients with malignant lymphoma has been extensively performed in Japan for several years. Some of the disease states of lymphoma are considered to be a good candidate for auto-PBSCT application. Sensitive relapsers in non Hodgkin's lymphoma should be treated with a combination of salvage therapy and high dose chemo(radio)-therapy with stem cell support, and up-front PBSCT is recommended for poor risk aggressive lymphoma. The clinical results and indications for auto-PBSCT including other types of lymphoma such as lymphoblastic lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, low-grade lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease will be reviewed in this paper.     

A 99-mm2 0.7-W single-chip MPEG-2 422P@ML video, audio,and system encoder with a 64-Mb embedded DRAM for portable 422P@HLencoder system

A scalable single-chip 422P@ML MPEG-2 video, audio, and system encoder LSI for portable 422P@HL system is described. The encoder LSI is implemented using 0.13-μm embedded DRAM technology. It integrates 3-M logic gates and 64-Mb DRAM in an area of 99-mm². The power consumption is suppressed to 0.7 W by adopting a low-power DRAM core. It performs real-time 422P@ML video encoding, audio encoding, and system encoding with no external DRAM. Furthermore, the encoder LSI realizes a 422P@HL video encoder with multichip configuration, due to its scalable architecture. This results in a PC-card size 422P@HL encoder for portable HDTV codec system     

Influence of sleep apnea on nocturnal blood pressure

In the present study, we subjected 65 patients to overnight monitoring and continuous nocturnal blood pressure measurement in order to assess the influence of sleep apnea on the circulatory system. Thirty-one patients were compared before and after surgery. The severity of sleep apnea was classified by Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI), the duration of exposure to low-level oxygen (calculated as the desaturation time: DT), and increment of blood pressure. Before surgery, a significant correlation was noted between the DT and blood pressure changes. Therefore, this index was considered useful for assessing the influence of sleep apnea on nocturnal blood pressure. After surgery, improvement of AHI was greater than 50% in 19/31 patients (61.3%), and this result was almost the same as described in the literature. The improvements in DT and BP change were greater than 50% in 21/31 (67.7%) and 14/31 (45.2%), respectively. With regard to severity before surgery, AHI was > or = 50 and DT was > or = 40% in 10 and 18 patients, respectively. Nineteen patients had BP changes > or = 40 mmHg. After surgery, 1,5, and 2, patients, respectively, still showed these values. Thus, a beneficial effect of surgery was demonstrated.     

Calcification in the basal ganglia with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection

The objective of this study was to determine whether measurements of human CRH in the inferior petrosal sinuses could distinguish patients with Cushing's syndrome from those with pseudo-Cushing states or normal physiology. Twenty-five patients with Cushing's disease, 17 patients with the syndrome of ectopic ACTH, 7 patients with Cushing's syndrome of adrenal origin, 6 patients with pseudo-Cushing states, and 11 volunteers believed to have normal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes were studied. Basal plasma human CRH and ACTH were measured at two time points in the petrosal sinuses and in a peripheral vein. Most subjects were studied after the administration of intravenous diazepam or midazolam and fentanyl, but because of the known inhibitory effects of such sedation on CRH secretion, 2 normal volunteers and 3 patients with pseudo-Cushing states were studied without sedation. Human CRH levels were near or below the detection limit of the assay in all subjects. Although the normal volunteers and patients with pseudo-Cushing states who were studied without sedation had significantly greater inferior petrosal sinus ACTH levels than those who received sedation, there were no differences in measured human CRH levels for any of the groups. We conclude that inferior petrosal sinus human CRH levels are not easily measured in the inferior petrosal sinuses and cannot be used to determine whether individual patients may have hypersecretion of CRH causing their ACTH secretion.     

Effects of microstructure and environment on room-temperature tensile properties of B2-type polycrystalline CoTi intermetallic compound

Room-temperature tensile property and fracture mode of B2-type polycrystalline CoTi intermetallic compound was studied as functions of microstructure and environment. Using a hot-rolled CoTi sheet, various microstructures were prepared by different heat treatments and pre-straining. Tensile elongation as well as ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of specimens deformed in vacuum (i.e. intrinsic tensile elongation and strength) depended on microstructure. The hot-rolled and recovered specimens showed higher elongation and tensile strength than the fully-annealed and aged specimens. Also, the pre-strained specimen showed the improved elongation and UTS in comparison with the fully-annealed specimen. On the other hand, tensile elongation and UTS of the specimens deformed in air were lower than those of the specimens deformed in vacuum, irrespective of microstructure. The extent of embrittlement was lower in the hot-rolled, recovered and pre-strained specimens than in the fully-annealed and aged specimens. SEM observation for the hot-rolled and recovered specimens showed that the quasi-cleavage fracture mode was dominant irrespective of testing environment. However, the fully-annealed, aged and pre-strained specimens consisting of recrystallized grains exhibited quasi-cleavage fracture mode mixed with intergranular fracture mode. The results showed that not only the intrinsic room-temperature tensile properties but also the environmental embrittlement of CoTi intermetallic compound depended upon lattice defects (such as dislocations and vacancies) in addition to grain size and morphology.     

爱知县淑德大学8号楼

在有较大高差台地的校园园区内排列鳞次栉比的校舍,建筑物之间诸多大小不等的室外围合空间是整个校园空间的主要特征。将教室、食堂之间的空间为活泼好动的学生营造成最具活力的“舞台”,在这个“舞台”上由室内外一体化的缓坡、大台阶、廊桥等各要素从一层到三层构成连续的断面,不管哪一层的人们都能感受到其他各层活动的情况,是充满“动感”的空间。建筑物宽18m,长92m,形状非常细长,横向由6m和12m两种柱距组成,长向由4m的柱距均分构成连续的架构,这个模数使不同用途和大小的空间(24～336m2)都能获得良好的开间一进深比例,4m跨度的构架单元…     

Stability robustness for linear state space models - a Lyapunov mapping approach

Some Pythagorean-like conditions for the existence of a common Lyapunov solution for two given matrices are presented. These conditions are set on the Lyapunov mappings associated with given matrices. The key is the semipositiveness of linear mappings defined on symmetric matrices. From the viewpoint of the existence of a common Lyapunov solution, some known stability robustness results are reviewed and refined.