低阶煤煤层气富集模式初探

通过对美国粉河盆地以及我国铁法盆地煤层气富集规律的解剖,总结出影响低阶煤煤层气富集的关键因素是封堵,而构造、岩性和水动力是形成煤层气封堵的主要因素。同时提出了5种不同的煤层气富集模式,即背斜模式、构造—水动力模式、构造—岩性模式、岩性—水动力模式和岩性模式。     

En/Decoder for Spectral Phase-Coded OCDMA System Based on Amplitude Sampled FBG

A novel en/decoder for spectral phase-coded optical code-division multiple-access system based on amplitude sampled fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is proposed. Both equivalent chirp and equivalent phase shift are achieved by amplitude sampling. Compared with previous en/decoder based on step chirped FBG, it is easier to fabricate. The performance of the proposed en/decoder is verified by both numerical simulation and experimental demonstration.     

Lactic acid production from dining‐hall food waste by Lactobacillus plantarum using response surface methodology

BACKGROUND: Food waste generally has a high starch content and is rich in nutritional compounds, including lipids and proteins. It therefore represents a potential renewable resource. In this study, dining‐hall food waste was used as a substrate for lactic acid production, and response surface methodology was employed to optimise the fermentation conditions. RESULTS: Lactic acid biosynthesis was significantly affected by the interaction of protease and temperature. Protease, temperature and CaCO₃ had significant linear effects on lactic acid production, while α‐amylase and yeast extract had insignificant effects. The optimal conditions were found to be an α‐amylase activity of 13.86 U g^?1 dried food waste, a protease activity of 2.12 U g^?1 dried food waste, a temperature of 29.31 °C and a CaCO₃ concentration of 62.67 g L^?1, which resulted in a maximum lactic acid concentration of 98.51 g L^?1 (88.75% yield). An increase in inoculum size would be appropriate for accelerating the depletion of initial soluble carbohydrate to enhance the efficiency of α‐amylase in dining‐hall food waste fermentation. CONCLUSION: A suitable regression model for lactic acid production was developed based on the experimental results. Dining‐hall food waste was found to be a good substrate for lactic acid fermentation with high product yield and without nutrient supplementation. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

Study on the long‐term thermal‐oxidative aging behavior of polyamide 6

The long‐term thermal‐oxidative aging behavior of polyamide 6 (PA6) was studied by comparison with the stabilized sample in this work. The variation of mechanical properties of the pure and the stabilized samples of PA6 with aging time at 110°C, 130°C, and 150°C were investigated, respectively. The aging mechanism of PA6 under heat and oxygen was studied in terms of the reduced viscosity, crystallization behavior, dynamic mechanical behavior, and chemical composition through the methods of polarized light microscopy (PLM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), X‐ray photoelectron energy spectrum (XPS), and so on. The results indicated that at the initial stage of aging, the molecular crosslinking reaction of PA6 dominated resulting in the increase of the mechanical strength, reduced viscosity, and the glass transition temperature of the sample. And the molecular degradation dominated in the subsequent aging process resulting in the decrease of the melting temperature, the increase of the crystallinity, and the formation of the oxides and peroxides products. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Thermal stabilization effect of biphenol monoacrylate on polyamide 6

Biphenol monoacrylate (AL) was combined with a traditional hindered phenolic‐based binary antioxidant system to form a ternary stabilization system for the purpose of further improving the thermal–oxidative stability of polyamide 6 (PA6). The thermal stabilization effect of the antioxidant AL on PA6 was studied in terms of the reduced viscosity, the chemical structure, the yellow index, and the mechanical properties. The results showed that the antioxidant AL, with the proper chemical structure, could improve the thermal stability of PA6 effectively through a unique bifunctional stabilizing mechanism. The interaction of the molecules of PA6 with the antioxidant AL was investigated. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Global adaptive control of nonlinearly parametrized systems

In this paper, we consider global adaptive control of nonlinearly parametrized systems in parametric-strict-feedback form. Unlike previous results, we do not require a priori bounds on the unknown parameters, which is as in the linear parametrization case. We also allow unknown parameters to be time-varying provided they are bounded. Our proposed adaptive controller is a switching type controller, in which the controller parameter is tuned in a switching manner via a switching logic. Global stability results of the closed-loop system have been proved.     

STUDY OF STRUCTURAL FEATURE OF PEAT, LIGNITE AND HUMIC ACID BY SOLID STATEl3C NMR SPECTROSCOPY

Four low rank coals (peat and lignite) and their derived humic acids have been investigated by the^l3C CP/MAS/TOSS NMR technique. The NMR analysis indicates that the peat contains a significant amount of unaltered plant components including cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, waxes, and resins.

Variable contact time and dipolar dephasing experiments were performed on each sample. The data from above experiments, together with normal CP/MAS integration over selected chemical shift range, were used to derive 12 parameters of carbon skeletal structure including the aromaticity.From the ratio of aromatic bridgehead carbons, f_a^cp, to the aromatic peripheral carbons, f^cpxBp as measured by NMR, the aromatic cluster size may be estimated for each coal.     

精密数显转台研制

光电传感和精密刻划技术 ,是开发精密数显转台的主要技术基础。本文详细介绍基本原理、结构要求、功能特点、工艺试验和精度测试等。样机系列表明 ,其精度和性能基本达到和部分指标超过 (国家 )部颁一级精度的标准。