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71.
T Koike G Ishida M Taniguchi K Higaki Y Ayaki M Saito Y Sakakihara M Iwamori K Ohno 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,1406(3):327-335
We have investigated transformation with heterologous DNA as a method for insertional mutagenesis of Aspergillus fumigatus. Two methods, polyethylene glycol-mediated transformation of protoplasts and electroporation of germinating spores, were used to establish conditions leading to single-copy integration of transforming DNA at different genomic sites. We have assessed the effect of restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI) for both methods. Non-REMI protoplast transformation led to integration of multiple copies of transforming DNA in the majority of transformants. Results of REMI with protoplast transformation varied depending on the enzyme used. Low concentrations of several restriction enzymes stimulated transformation, but of ten enzymes investigated only REMI with XhoI and KpnI resulted in single-copy integration of transforming DNA for the majority of transformants. For protoplast transformation with XhoI- or KpnI-based REMI, 50% and 76% of insertions, respectively, were due to integrations at a genomic enzyme site corresponding to the enzyme used for REMI. Electroporation of spores without addition of restriction enzyme resulted in a high transformation efficiency, with up to 67% of transformants containing a single copy of transforming DNA. In contrast to protoplast transformation, electroporation of spores in the presence of a restriction enzyme did not improve transformation efficiency or lead to insertion at genomic restriction sites. Southern analysis indicated that for both protoplast transformation with REMI using KpnI or XhoI and for electroporation of spores without addition of restriction enzymes, transforming DNA inserted at different genomic sites in a high proportion of transformants. 相似文献
72.
Based on the Cramer-Rao inequality, the MILB is calculated for the problem of estimating the frequency slope of the attenuation coefficient of tissue from random reflections of ultrasonic waves. Under typical signal conditions, this bound for a 1-cm x 1-cm region was found to be about 0.08 db/(MHz-cm), rather close to the clinical requirement of 0.1 dB/(MHz-cm). Comparison to existing methods (including an autoregressive deconvolution method) shows room for further improvement. 相似文献
73.
Two special cases of the bilateral 2-D polynomial matrix equationDU +VN=C whenC=I andC=I with being a -stable 2-D polynomial, which are related respectively to deadbeat and asymptotic control problems of 2-D systems, are first considered. By generalizing the concepts of factor coprimeness, zero coprimeness and zero skew primeness in the 2-D polynomial ring to the ring of causal -stable 2-D rational functions, a constructive solution of these two problems mentioned is proposed. Based on these results, we derive a solvability condition for the bilateral equiation whereC is a general 2-D polynomial matrix. The general solutions are investigated as well. 相似文献
74.
Shintaro Nakano Nobuyoshi Saito Kentaro Miura Tatsunori Sakano Tomomasa Ueda Keiji Sugi Hajime Yamaguchi Isao Amemiya Masato Hiramatsu Arichika Ishida 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2012,20(9):493-498
We have successfully reduced threshold voltage shifts of amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O thin‐film transistors (a‐IGZO TFTs) on transparent polyimide films against bias‐temperature stress below 100 mV, which is equivalent to those on glass substrates. This high reliability was achieved by dense IGZO thin films and annealing temperature below 300 °C. We have reduced bulk defects of IGZO thin films and interface defects between gate insulator and IGZO thin film by optimizing deposition conditions of IGZO thin films and annealing conditions. Furthermore, a 3.0‐in. flexible active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode was demonstrated with the highly reliable a‐IGZO TFT backplane on polyimide film. The polyimide film coating process is compatible with mass‐production lines. We believe that flexible organic light‐emitting diode displays can be mass produced using a‐IGZO TFT backplane on polyimide films. 相似文献
75.
Tsukasa Kinjo Naoki Saito Makoto Omodani 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2012,20(10):559-565
Projected image on a screen is not always vivid enough when it is projected in a bright room. We generally have to choose either vivid image in a dark room or dull image in a bright room. We have suggested a new projection system which can realize high contrast image projection in a bright room. It is consisted of electronic paper screen, projector, and light‐emitting diode room light. The electronic paper (e‐Paper) screen alternates its whole surface white/black with 120 Hz. Room lights are controlled with the same frequency of 120 Hz with the opposite phase as that of the e‐Paper screen. We have confirmed that our new system has achieved higher contrast than the conventional projection system and also enough readability of paper documents in the room simultaneously. We have thus confirmed that our new system can bring an ideal condition, for audience, which can realize a vivid image projection in a bright room. 相似文献
76.
Hiroyuki Sugiyama Takuto Sekiguchi Ryosuke Matsumura Shunpei Yamashita Yoshihiro Suda 《Multibody System Dynamics》2012,27(1):55-74
In railroad turnouts, geometries of tongue and crossing rails are very complex and their shapes are changing along the track.
Therefore, wheels are subjected to not only tread and flange contacts, but also the back-of-flange and top-of-flange contacts
in the case of spring switches of tram vehicles. For this reason, one needs to deal with significant jumps in contact points
for solving wheel/rail contact problems in turnout, and an accurate prediction of jumps in contact points is one of the most
important issues that need to be carefully handled in the dynamic simulation of vehicle/turnout interactions. In this investigation,
a numerical procedure that can be used for solving such a complex wheel/rail contact problem in turnout is proposed. In particular,
a combined nodal and non-conformal contact approach is developed such that significant jumps in contact points are detected
using the nodal search, while the exact location of contact point is then determined with continuous surface parameterizations
using non-conformal contact equations. With this combined nodal and non-conformal contact approach for the contact geometry
analysis of vehicle/turnout interactions, multiple look-up contact tables can be generated in an efficient way without losing
accuracy. Since detailed contact search is performed off-line to obtain look-up contact tables, significant changes in contact
points in turnout can be efficiently predicted on-line with tabular data to be interpolated in a standard way. Several numerical
examples are presented in order to demonstrate the use of the numerical procedure developed in this investigation. 相似文献
77.
Yuji Fukaishi Yoshihiro Ohta Kohji Higuchi Eiji Takegami Satoshi Tomioka Kosin Chamnongthai 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2012,17(1):1-6
A robust DC?CDC converter which can covers extensive load change and also input voltage changes with one controller is needed. Then the demand to suppress output voltage change becomes still severer. We propose an approximate 2-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) digital controller which realized start-up response and dynamic load response independently. The controller makes a control bandwidth wider, and at the same time makes variations of the output voltage small at sudden changes of a load and an input voltage. In this paper, a new approximate 2DOF digital control system with additional zeros is proposed. Using the additional zeros, the second-order differential transfer characteristics between equivalent disturbances and a output voltage are realized. Therefore, the new controller makes variations of the output voltage smaller and the sudden changes of the load and the input voltage. This controller is actually implement on a DSP and is connected to the DC?CDC converter. Experimental results demonstrate that this type of digital controller can satisfy given severe specifications with low frequency sampling. 相似文献
78.
Some problems concerning the application of the interregional cohort survival model developed by Andrei Rogers to the analysis of regional population dynamics are first discussed. The author then develops an iterative proportional fitting procedure in order to estimate a complete migration table where only inconsistent marginals are available. The procedure is applied to 1988 data for Kanagawa prefecture in Japan. 相似文献
79.
80.
Rod-shaped BaTiO3 powder particles have been prepared from rod-shaped TiO2 ·nH2O and BaCO3 in molten chloride. The morphology of BaTiO3 particles was studied referring to the effects of the chemical species of the starting titanium compound, amount of chloride, particle size of the titanium compound and reaction conditions, and the preparation condition of rod-shaped BaTiO3 has been determined: i.e., large TiO2 ·nH2O particles were heated at 700°C in molten salt with an equal amount of BaTiO3. This condition was effective in suppressing the formation of BaTiO3 by a solution-precipitation process as well as the deformation of either TiO2 ·nH2O or BaTiO3, which are responsible for the formation of equiaxed BaTiO3 particles. The obtained rod-shaped BaTiO3 particles had a cubic symmetry. Electron diffraction analysis showed that the following topotactic relation is retained; 0 1 0potassium tetratitanate 0 1 0hydrated titania 1 0 0anatase 1 0 0barium titanate 相似文献