金属选区激光熔化的研究现状

金属3D打印是目前增材制造技术中最具发展潜力和最前沿的技术。选区激光熔化(SLM)是金属3D打印的重要分支,在传统方法无法制造的复杂异型结构件及工件制造的快速响应上具有极大优势,可解决传统方法加工过程中存在的长周期、高成本、难加工等技术难题,加工出传统制造方式无法加工的复杂金属零件。主要分析总结了目前选区激光熔化所涉及的基本原理、成型设备、材料特性、工艺参数和制造过程中常见的孔隙、球化、应力应变等问题,最后对金属3D打印的发展前景进行了展望。     

Microstructure and fracture morphology of Mo－Cu/Cr18－Ni8 brazed joint in vacuum*

Mo-Cu composite and Cr18-Ni8 stainless steel were brazed with Ni-Cr-P filler metal in a vacuum of 10-4 Pa and a Mo-Cu/Cr18-Ni8 joint was obtained. Microstructure in Mo-Cu/Cr18-Ni8 joint was investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscope( FE-SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometer( EDS). Shear strength of Mo-Cu/Cr18-Ni8 lap joint was measured by electromechanical universal testing machine. An excellent Mo-Cu/Cr18-Ni8 joint with a shear strength of 155 MPa was achieved at 980 ℃ for 20 min. Brazed joint was mainly comprised of eutectic structure in the center of brazing seam,matrix structure and lump structure. Ni-Cu( Mo) and Ni-Fe solid solution were at the interface beside Mo-Cu composite and Cr18-Ni8 stainless steel,respectively. Shear fracture exhibited mixed ductile-brittle fracture feature with trans-granular fracture,ductile dimples and tearing edges. Fracture originated from the interface between brazing seam and Mo-Cu composite.