Effective depth of dynamic compaction in embankment built with soils and rocks

Effective depth of dynamic compaction was summarized, and the advantages of dynamic compaction technology of effective depth were analyzed elaborately. The formula determining the reinforcement depth was deduced by using dimensional analysis method. The influential factors of hammer weight, hammer area, dry density of filling materials and filling materials types were comprehensively investigated. The formula of effective depth was established based on the definition of the dimensions analysis. Based on exp...     

Mechanics model of additional longitudinal force transmission between bridges and continuously welded rails with small resistance fasteners

A new mechanics model, which reveals additional longitudinal force transmission between the continuously welded rails and the bridges, is established on the fact that the influence of the mutual relative displacement among the rail, the sleeper and the beam is taken into account. An example is presented and numerical results are compared. The results show that the additional longitudinal forces calculated with the new model are less than those of the previous, especially in the case of the flexible pier bridges. The new model is also suitable for the analysis of the additional longitudinal force transmission between rails and bridges of ballastless track with small resistance fasteners without taking the sleeper displacement into account, and compared with the ballast bridges, the ballastless bridges have a much stronger additional longitudinal force transmission between the continuously welded rails and the bridges.     

根据非线性屈服准则计算隧道粘弹塑性位移

根据非线性Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则和非关联流动法则推导出圆形隧道位移解,并考虑围岩的剪胀特性、蠕变特性、弹塑性等影响。与线性屈服准则的比较得出：在软弱的围岩中,线性Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则过低地估计隧道的位移。通过与前人的研究成果比较得出,本的结果是正确的。     

浅埋偏压隧道锚杆加固参数的优化研究

锚杆参数的合理选择对隧道初期支护的稳定性具有重要意义.考虑隧道浅埋偏压的地质特性,采用了双侧壁导坑法,山内而外进行侧洞开挖,对浅埋偏压公路隧道的初期支护进行了数值模拟.分析了不同横阳间距和锚杆长度下,地表沉降、拱顶沉降、墙腰收敛值的变化规律,从而给出锚杆参数的合理值.     

纳米材料改性沥青的微观和力学性能研究

为了改善沥青及沥青混合料的路用性能,筛选和添加纳米材料对基质沥青进行改性,制备纳米材料改性沥青.采用沥青针入度、延度、软化点、黏度等沥青基本性质试验和劈裂强度、回弹模量、车辙、水稳定性等沥青混合料性能试验,分析和研究了纳米材料改性沥青及混合料的力学和路用性能,并结合原子力显微镜试验来分析比较3种纳米材料(纳米碳粉、纳米橡胶粉VP362、海泡石)对基质沥青的改性效果.结果表明:相比于纳米橡胶粉VP362和海泡石改性沥青及沥青混合料,纳米碳粉改性沥青及沥青混合料具有更好的高、低温抗裂性能,而原子力显微镜图像也从微观角度印证了纳米碳粉改性沥青的改性效果.     

单拱四车道公路隧道施工方法的数值分析研究

采用不同施工方法,对单拱四车道公路隧道进行施工力学数值模拟,分析了不同施工步时的位移和应力集中系数变化曲线,并对施工方法进行比较.研究结果表明:拱顶围岩是否稳定是选择施工方法时必须考虑的关键因素,拱部围岩适宜采用分部或分块开挖;双侧壁导坑法和CD法是开挖Ⅴ级围岩单拱四车道公路隧道较优的施工方法;边墙是最易出现应力集中的部位.     

大规模优化及其在上限定理有限元中的应用

通过引进变量将原问题变为标准的内点法问题 ,将原问题的可行域仿射为单位球体区域 ,在仿射后的区域内向目标函数减少最快的方向移动 ,寻求问题的最优解 ,最后进行逆变换 ,将得到的解换回到原可行域。     

茶树叶片中茶皂素提取工艺优化

以夏季茶树老叶为原料,利用乙醇水溶液提取茶皂素,考察液料比、乙醇体积分数、浸提温度和浸提时间对粗提物中茶皂素含量及茶叶中茶皂素得率的影响。单因素试验结果表明,液料比10︰1(mL/g)、乙醇体积分数70%、浸提温度60℃和浸提时间1.5 h时为宜。通过正交试验确定了茶皂素提取的最佳工艺:液料比20︰1(mL/g)、乙醇体积分数60%、浸提温度70℃、浸提时间2 h。试验结果为夏秋茶资源中茶皂素的提取提供参考。     

考虑体变与大变形时高应力砂性土扩孔问题能量分析方法比较

根据圆孔扩张过程中塑性区土体在孔扩压力作用下的应力–应变–体变关系、扩孔过程中的能量守恒原理、非相关联流动准则以及莫尔–库仑破坏准则,分别给出考虑体变守恒和大变形规律2种条件下砂性土圆孔扩张问题的极限扩孔压力计算公式.实测结果与2种理论结算结果的对比分析表明:考虑大变形时的理论成果与实际情况更加吻合,因此该方法具有一定的工程应用价值,可以用于砂性土的极限扩孔压力预估.而且,由于剪胀的影响,砂性土的极限扩孔压力与剪切模量和剪胀系数的总体关系是非线性的先减后增关系.     

京珠高速公路耒阳段滑坡稳定性分析

介绍了一种常用的詹布(Janbu)法，该方法考虑了地下水、水平荷载(如地震荷载)、滑面的不连续性、土体性质的不均匀性等因素的影响．并根据该方法编制出程序。对京珠高速公路耒阳段滑坡采用詹布法进行分析．并将计算和勘测设计结果进行比较。