控制脱硫过程的ORP降低催化剂耗量

川崎钢铁公司千叶工厂将净化后的焦炉煤气作为能源供给厂内使用。脱硫脱氰工序采用Ｆｕｍａｘ－Ｒｏｄａｘ法,１９７３年投产。在Ｆｕｍａｘ－Ｒｏｄａｘ法的生产中,脱硫液中苦味酸添加量的调节方法是先测定脱硫液的氧化还原电位（ＯＲＰ）,再由）,工手动调节苦味酸的加入量。因此,存在操作不稳定,苦味酸添加量偏大等问题。另外,在焦炉煤气的脱硫生产成本中,苦味酸所占的比例约为３０％,如能达到最佳添加量,则可以大幅度降低煤气净化的生产成本。本文研究了添加苦味酸的自动控制方法,现介绍如下。１脱硫工艺概况Ｆｕｍａｘ－Ｒｏ…     

染料中间体2-氨基-5-硝基苯甲酸的合成

本文以两条合成路线制备了染料中间体2-氨基-5-硝基苯甲酸。路线一首先利用对硝基苯胺与水合三氯乙醛、盐酸羟胺反应先制得对硝基（N-肟基乙酰）苯胺,再用浓硫酸关环生成5-硝基靛红,最后用过氧化氢氧化,制得2-氨基-5-硝基苯甲酸。路线二以靛红为原料,经发烟硝酸硝化到5-硝基靛红,再用过氧化氢氧化得2-氨基-5-硝基苯甲酸。两条路线产物的总收率分别为27.3％和61.2％,其结构经IR和1HNMR表征得以确认。     

支化聚合物皮革复鞣填充剂的制备及应用

以甘油(Gly)和马来酸酐(MA)为原料合成马来酸甘油酯(MG),作为多官能度烯类支化单体与丙烯酸(AA)单体,通过自由基共聚法制备水性支化聚合物皮革复鞣填充剂(BPMG)。通过1HNMR对支化单体和聚合物的结构进行了表征。通过正交实验考察了单体配比、引发剂用量、支化单体类型和投料方式对MG双键转化率的影响。结果表明,MG-30为支化单体,n(AA)∶n(MG)=6∶1,w(过硫酸铵)=6%时,以单体滴加的方式,聚合温度85℃,聚合时间2.5h的条件下,具有较高的双键转化率。应用结果显示支化聚合物可以提供皮革较好的填充性能和力学性能。SEM结果表明,支化聚合物对皮革纤维具有明显的分散作用。     

铁酸锌选择性还原的反应机理

通过TG、物相分析、XPS、XRD、SEM-EDS等手段研究铁酸锌选择性还原反应机理,考察铁酸锌质量损失和分解特征、物相转变过程和产物层形貌变化以及Zn2+与Fe2+的离子迁移行为。结果表明:反应表现为失氧过程,还原产生的Fe2+使铁酸锌分解产生ZnO,ZnO含量与Fe2+含量线性相关。Fe2+向铁酸锌内部迁移替代Zn2+,Zn2+则向外部迁移并富集于表面,促使ZnO在表面形成。铁酸锌逐步向磁铁矿转变,Fe2+的嵌入和锌的迁出使铁酸锌晶胞参数先增大后减小,还原产物为ZnO和含锌的磁铁矿。颗粒产物层中的还原产物相互夹杂,并包裹着未反应的铁酸锌。     

圈数计在可逆可冷轧机上的应用

采用准确计圈方式可实现可逆式冷轧机的自动准确停车，介绍了此方法的硬件配置和基本控制原理，可作为同类型生产线的参考。     

Bioleaching of refractory gold ore （ Ⅱ ）——Mechanism on bioleaching of arsenopyrite by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＢｉｏｌｅａｃｈｉｎｇｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｕｓｅｄｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｌｙｔｏｒｅｃｏｖｅｒｂａｓｅｍｅｔａｌｓ (ｍａｉｎｌｙｃｏｐｐｅｒ)ａｎｄｕｒａｎｉｕｍｆｒｏｍｌｏｗ ｇｒａｄｅｏｒｅｓａｎｄｍｏｒｅｒｅｃｅｎ     

Anodic dissolution of gold in alkaline solutions containing thiourea, thiosulfate and sulfite ions

Gld dissolves electrochemically in alkaline solutions containing ligands to form complex ions with gold ion.Therefore,selective leaching of noble metals is expected without dissolution of base metals such as steels,aluminum alloys in scrap treatment.Gold electrodes were investigated using linear sweep voltammetry,EQCM method and potentiostatic eclectrolysis in alkaline solutions containing thiourea,Na2SO3 and Na2S2O3.The solution composition,electrode potential affect gold dissolution rate and current efficiency.The gold dissolved from anode electrode forms complex ions,suspension particles as compound precipitates and deposits on cathode electrode as a metal.Anodic efficiency for gold dissolution is between 10% and 22%.This is caused by the oxidation decomposition of sulfite ions and thiourea.The statbility of the alkaline solution containing these elements was also estimated by capillary electrophoresis technique.     

Bioleaching of refractory gold ore （ Ⅲ ）——Fluid leaching Jinya refractory gold concentrate by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans

A novel fluidized-bed reactor was designed and installed for bloleaching in a semi-continuous way, by which a process for biuleaching-cyanidation of Jinya refractory gold arsenical concentrate was studied. The arsenic extraction rate reaches 82.5 % after 4-day batch biooxidation of the concentrate under the optimized condition of pH 2.0, ferric ion concentration 6.Sg/L and pulp concentration 10%. And leached rate of gold in the following cyanida.tion is over 90%. The parameters of three series fluidized-bed reactors exhibit stability during the semi-continuous bioleaching of the concentrate.Armmic in the concentrate can be got rid of 91% after 6-day leaching. Even after 4 days, 82% of arsenic extraction rate was still obtained. The recovery rates of gold are 92 % and 87.5 % respectively in cyaniding the above bioleached residues.The results will provide a base for further commercial production of gold development.     

骨炭吸附去除溶液中砷的研究

采用骨炭作吸附剂,通过静态和动态吸附试验,研究了其对饮用水中砷的脱除效果及其影响因素,以及骨炭反复吸附一解吸一再生一再吸附后性能的稳定性.结果表明,骨炭能够高效除砷.骨炭吸附砷符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附模型.吸附柱的饱和吸附容量为4.688 mg/g,饮用水出水砷浓度符合世界卫生组织(WHO)规定的饮用水标准(As<0.01 mg/L),说明骨炭除砷具有很好的应用前景.     

催化氧化含邻甲苯酚废水的研究

纳米级铁氧化合物(自制)用作催化剂催化H2O2对含邻甲苯酚废水进行催化氧化降解实验,通过单因素实验确定了处理含邻甲苯酚废水的最佳条件为:H2LO2浓度为20%,催化剂用量为0.8g,反应温度为80℃.处理模拟废水,邻甲苯酚(1000ppm)的去除率大于99%,农药行业废水中邻甲苯酚(1150ppm)的去除率大于95%.实验表明该催化剂可以进行多次循环使用.