浅层水平井超低温压裂液体系研究与应用

在大庆外围埋藏浅、储层温度低的朝98区块葡萄花储层水平井的压裂改造中,如何实现压裂液在30℃储层中压后破胶并快速返排,是确保施工成功和提高压后效果的关键。室内研制了由0.6%稠化剂SG、1%岩石稳定剂CYDF、0.3%高效助排剂JX-YL、0.2%三元破胶剂、3%硼砂交联剂组成的超低温压裂液体系。在30℃、170s-1下,压裂液冻胶剪切5 min后的黏度基本稳定,约为140 mPa.s,抗剪切性较好。该压裂液破胶快速、彻底,30℃破胶4 h后的黏度为3.5 mPa.s。JX-YL减小了压裂液的滤失,降低了储层伤害。加入JX-YL后,压裂液滤失量比未加JX-YL的减少17.2%。压裂液具有配制方便、破胶性能良好的特点。在8口超浅层水平井开展现场压裂试验,应用效果良好,满足低温井(浅井)油层水平井压裂改造的需要。图3表4参8     

总量红线约束下江西省“以水定地”方案初探

梳理江西省农业发展及用水现状,预测规划年各地级市农业用水需求,根据“四水四定”原则提出总量控制红线约束下江西省规划年农业发展规模初步方案,即2025 年和2030 年农业需水量分别为166.9～172.84 亿m3、159.32～167.2亿m3;2025 年以水而定的农田有效灌溉面积规模为219.15～227.20 万hm2,林牧渔面积为17.31 万hm2,畜禽养殖规模为1 996.38 万头;2030 年以水而定的农田有效灌溉面积规模为226.66～238.17 万hm2,林牧渔面积为17.49 万hm2,畜禽养殖规模分别为2 016.32 万头;总量控制红线约束下,江西省2025 年、2030 年农业用水最大的缺水量分别为2.7 亿m3、4.97亿m3,以水而定的农田有效灌溉面积达不到社会经济发展的要求;用水总量控制红线一定程度上制约了江西省农业经济的快速发展,为此提出水资源约束下未来农业发展相关措施和建议。     

分层开采底板岩体渗透性变化的试验研究

华北煤田石炭二叠纪煤系地层底部存在着含水丰富的奥陶纪石灰岩。开采实践表明,一旦煤层与奥灰之间的隔水层内存在地质构造或煤层开采引志底板岩体破坏,可能会在煤层和含水层之间形成导水带,从而诱发突水,介绍了分层开采引起对底板岩石渗透性影响的试验成果,并进行了详尽的分析,获得了分层开采对煤层底板岩体渗透性的影响规律。     

GB/T 8939-2018《卫生巾(护垫)》

正国家纸张质量监督检验中心牵头制定的GB/T 8939-2018《卫生巾(护垫)》国家标准是对2008年发布的GB/T 8939-2008《卫生巾(含卫生护垫)》的修订,新增了可迁移性荧光物质、甲醛含量等安全指标,并对部分使用指标进行修改和完善,对测试方法重新进行研究,建立了能更客观反映卫生巾(护垫)性能指标的方法及规定值。     

Study of the key factors affecting the triple grid lifetime of the LIPS-300 ion thruster

In order to ascertain the key factors affecting the lifetime of the triple grids in the LIPS-300 ion thruster,the thermal deformation,upstream ion density and component lifetime of the grids are simulated with finite element analysis,fluid simulation and charged-particle tracing simulation methods on the basis of a 1500 h short lifetime test.The key factor affecting the lifetime of the triple grids in the LIPS-300 ion thruster is obtained and analyzed through the test results.The results show that ion sputtering erosion of the grids in 5 kW operation mode is greater than in the case of 3 kW.In 5 kW mode,the decelerator grid shows the most serious corrosion,the accelerator grid shows moderate corrosion,and the screen grid shows the least amount of corrosion.With the serious corrosion of the grids in 5 kW operation mode,the intercept current of the acceleration and deceleration grids increases substantially.Meanwhile,the cold gap between the accelerator grid and the screen grid decreases from 1 mm to 0.7 mm,while the cold gap between the accelerator grid and the decelerator grid increases from 1 mm to 1.25 mm after 1500 h of thruster operation.At equilibrium temperature with 5 k W power,the finite element method(FEM)simulation results show that the hot gap between the screen grid and the accelerator grid reduces to 0.2 mm.Accordingly,the hot gap between the accelerator grid and the decelerator grid increases to 1.5 mm.According to the fluid method,the plasma density simulated in most regions of the discharge chamber is 1?×?10~(18)-8?×?10~(18)m~(-3).The upstream plasma density of the screen grid is in the range 6?×?10~(17)-6?×?10~(18)m~(-3)and displays a parabolic characteristic.The charged particle tracing simulation method results show that the ion beam current without the thermal deformation of triple grids has optimal perveance status.The ion sputtering rates of the accelerator grid hole and the decelerator hole are 5.5?×?10~(-14)kg s~(-1)and 4.28?×?10~(-14)kg s~(-1),respectively,while after the thermal deformation of the triple grids,the ion beam current has over-perveance status.The ion sputtering rates of the accelerator grid hole and the decelerator hole are 1.41?×?10~(-13)kg s~(-1)and 4.1?×?10~(-13)kg s~(-1),respectively.The anode current is a key factor for the triple grid lifetime in situations where the structural strength of the grids does not change with temperature variation.The average sputtering rates of the accelerator grid and the decelerator grid,which were measured during the 1500 h lifetime test in5 k W operating conditions,are 2.2?×?10~(-13)kg s~(-1)and 7.3?×?10~(-13)kg s~(-1),respectively.These results are in accordance with the simulation,and the error comes mainly from the calculation distribution of the upstream plasma density of the grids.     

测量二次电子空间分布特征矩阵法的有效性分析

为了准确测量不同材料在实际环境中的二次电子空间分布,设计了一种新型的二次电子发射空间分布测量结构,给出了实验测量原理,用求解特征矩阵的方法对实验结果进行处理,得到了所需的二次电子空间分布。通过模拟计算对该测量方法进行了校验,模拟结果与假设二次电子空间分布函数相吻合,表明该测量方法可靠、测量精度高,为后续样机研制奠定了理论基础。     

多点发力,把控物业服务全流程——绿地泉服务的社区创新服务理念

<正>城镇化进程的加快,为我国物业管理行业的发展提供了广阔的空间。广大物业服务企业一边拥抱更加自由的市场化环境,一边面临日趋激烈的同质化竞争。在这种背景下,业内企业有必要重新审视自己的发展模式,向城市综合服务运营商的角色转变。笔者所在的山东绿地泉物业服务有限公司(下简称绿地泉服务),不断延伸产业链条,以优秀传统文化为底蕴,全方位完善服务流程,依靠产业附推动企业转型升级。社区文化,打造全新服务品牌在绿地泉服务的企业理念里,     

浅析BIM技术在消防泵房机电工程中的应用

为了进一步提高消防泵房中机电安装工程的施工质量,通过借助BIM技术,获得了直观的三维模型,有效的解决了泵房内空间局促引发的线管碰撞、下料不准、频繁拆改等施工难题。